RU178404U1 - Mixer reactor for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to equipment for the starch industry, namely, to designs of batch reaction apparatuses, and can be used to intensify processes occurring in heterogeneous media, including the generation or absorption of heat, in particular, to devices for modification (in t for the hydrolysis (enzymatic, acidic, alkaline), oxidation, phosphorylation, hydroxyalkylation, carboxymethylation, cationization, etc.) of starch and starch-containing raw materials, and can find its application in various industries, for example, in canning, food, chemical, pharmaceutical, etc. for obtaining homogeneous mixtures of liquid components, suspensions, or powders. The reactor-mixer for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments contains a cylindrical body with a heat exchange jacket, a lid and a bottom, central a shaft with a mixing device, loading pipes and an unloading nozzle, the central shaft with a mixing device located along the central axis of the reactor-mixer housing, with is equipped with a mixing device in the form of three propeller mixers and an anchor mixer, including turbulators installed on the bottom side with a gap between their lower edge and bottom, while the reactor-mixer contains two additional shafts with three mixing devices, an additional sensor is installed in the volume of the reactor-mixer the pH of the reaction mixture, electrically connected to a pH control device, and turbulators-bumpers are installed on the inner wall of the body, the reactor-mixer is also additionally equipped a reaction mixture sampling device and a safety valve, and the heat-exchange jacket of the reactor-mixer contains an outer layer of thermal insulation. In this case, the turbulents of the anchor mixer are made in the form of rectangular plates. In this case, a sealing gasket is installed between the cover and the body, while additional mixing devices shafts use two paddle and one propeller mixer.

Description

The utility model relates to equipment for the starch industry, namely, to designs of reaction apparatuses of periodic action, and can be used to intensify processes occurring in heterogeneous media, including with the release or absorption of heat, in particular, with devices for modification (in including for hydrolysis (enzymatic, acidic, alkaline), oxidation, phosphorylation, hydroxyalkylation, carboxymethylation, cationization, etc.) of starch and starch-containing raw materials, and may find Menenius in various industries, for example in the canning and food, chemical, pharmaceutical, and other petrochemicals. to obtain homogeneous mixtures of liquid components, suspensions or powders.

Known reactors for conducting physicochemical processes in heterogeneous environments containing liquid and solid phases. Common disadvantages of known reactors: the impossibility of carrying out processes at a high concentration of suspension, the complexity of the design, in some cases there are difficulties in obtaining a product of high purity, insufficient formation rate of the final product due to insufficient mixing intensity of the reactants, the formation of stagnant zones in which unreacted substances accumulate, unsatisfactory liquid dispersion in the reaction mass, insufficient heat removal during exothermic and heat supply at non-thermal reactions, complexity or inability to create reactors of large unit capacity.

A known reactor [1], including a cylindrical container with a perforated false bottom, bubbler, a removable lid with a hatch and nozzles, a jacket for supplying coolants.

The disadvantages of this reactor are: insufficient mixing intensity of especially highly concentrated suspensions, the impossibility of sampling the reaction mixture during operation, the impossibility of carrying out processes at a high concentration of the suspension and at a given pH value, the impossibility of creating a reactor with a large unit capacity.

A known apparatus for mixing low-viscosity liquids [2], consisting of a housing, a cover, a multi-tier mixer and a drive located on the cover, nozzles for input and output of reagents, in which the mixer is mounted on separate shafts mounted concentrically to each other in the form of a telescopic structure and located along the axis axisymmetrically to the apparatus body.

The disadvantages of this apparatus are: the impossibility of sampling the reaction mixture during operation and the impossibility of carrying out processes at a high concentration of suspension, the impossibility of creating a uniform intensive hydrodynamic mixing mode in the entire reactor volume during the joint implementation of the mixing process and the chemical reaction, the inability to control and adjust the temperature and pH of the reaction mixtures, the complexity of the design of the drive shafts of the mixers.

Known chemical reactor for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments, containing a housing with a heat-exchange jacket, mixing and turbulizing devices, bubbler, double-row coil mounted centrally inside the reactor [3].

The disadvantages of this reactor are: the impossibility of sampling the reaction mixture during operation and the impossibility of carrying out processes at a high concentration of suspension, the difficulty of creating an intensive hydrodynamic mixing mode in the entire reactor volume due to the location of a double-row coil and bubbler inside it, precipitation on the bottom, inability to regulate and control the temperature and pH of the reaction mixture.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a chemical reactor for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments, containing a housing with a heat exchange jacket, guiding devices, a cover, loading and unloading nozzles, a shaft with a mixing device, a temperature sensor connected to the control unit [4] - prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype reactor include: the inability to take samples of the reaction mixture for monitoring during operation and the inability to carry out processes at a high concentration of suspension, the inability to create an intensive hydrodynamic mixing mode in the entire volume of the reactor, the inability to control and adjust the pH of the reaction mixture.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to ensure the conduct of the process in heterogeneous environments with a low and high concentration of suspension due to the installation of several independent mixing devices of various types inside the reactor-mixer body, the ability to control and adjust the pH of the reaction mixture, and provide the required intensity of physicochemical processes by creating high regulated turbulence in the entire volume of the reactor-mixer and elimination of stagnant zones, ensuring safety his works.

The technical result of the utility model is achieved in that the reactor-mixer for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments contains a cylindrical body with a heat-exchange jacket, a cover and a bottom, a central shaft with a mixing device, loading pipes and an unloading pipe, while the central shaft with a mixing device located along the central axis of the reactor-mixer body, equipped with a mixing device in the form of three propeller mixers and an anchor mixer, including turbulators installed with the sides of the bottom with a gap between their lower edge and the bottom, while the mixer reactor contains two additional shafts with three mixing devices, an additional pH sensor for the reaction mixture, electrically connected to the pH control device, is installed in the volume of the mixer-reactor, and turbulators are installed on the inner wall of the body - chippers, the reactor-mixer is also additionally equipped with a device for sampling the reaction mixture and a safety valve, and the heat exchange jacket of the reactor-mixer contains um outer layer of insulation.

In this case, the turbulators of the anchor mixer are made in the form of rectangular plates with holes.

In this case, a sealing gasket is installed between the cover and the housing.

At the same time, two paddle and one propeller mixers are used as mixing devices for the additional shafts.

The mixing reactor makes it possible to carry out physicochemical processes not only in liquid media, but also in suspensions with a low and high solids content by increasing the mixing efficiency of the reaction mixture, preventing the solid phase from precipitating, automatically controlling and adjusting the pH of the medium.

In the inventive reactor-mixer, it is possible to carry out processes of mixing the reaction mixture, preventing the solid phase from precipitating, automatically controlling and regulating the pH of the medium. In the inventive reactor-mixer, it is possible to carry out the processes of mixing powders and carry out the reactions between their components in a dry form, which is almost impossible in mixers of known types.

The mixing reactor is shown in FIG. 1, in FIG. 2 - options for turbulization.

The reactor-mixer for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments contains a housing (7) made of a corrosion-resistant material (for example, stainless steel) or having an anticorrosive lining inside, and enclosed in a heat-exchange jacket (2) with an internal cavity (3) and with a layer thermal insulation (4). The heat exchange jacket (2) is equipped with nozzles (6) and (75) for supplying and discharging the coolant. Outside the casing (7), a container (28) is installed for collecting a sample, which is connected through the pipe (27) to the atmosphere, and a sampling tube (25) is connected to the volume of the reaction mixture. The container (28) is equipped with a tap (30) and a nozzle (29) for the release of the sample. Turbulators (5) are installed on the inner walls of the reactor in height. Inside the reactor there are shafts (19), (21) with (24) mixing devices with propeller mixers (32), (33), (34), (35) and (36) mounted on them and paddle mixers (37), ( 37) and (38). A cover (16) with loading tubes (75), (20) and (22) is mounted on top of the housing (7). In the cover (7) there are bushings (not shown conditionally) for passing the temperature sensor (23), pH sensor (77) with an electrode (72), which are electrically connected to the control unit (not shown conditionally) and for passing pipes (75), (20) and (22) and shafts (19), (21) and (24) of the mixing devices. The mixing devices are mounted on shafts (19), (21) and (24), which are connected to the shaft rotation drives (not shown conditionally). An anchor mixer (7) is installed at the end of the central shaft (27), equipped with turbulators (8) mounted on the side facing the bottom and made in the form of rectangular plates with holes, and the turbulators are installed with a step (clearance) between the plates equal to 0 , 5 ... 1.5 of their size in length. The diameter of the holes is preferably 5 ... 10 mm, and the inclination of their axis to the horizon is 10 ... 45 (preferably 25 ... 35) degrees in the direction from top to bottom. The length of the plates is 10 ... 30 cm (preferably 5 ... 15 cm). The turbulators are installed with a gap from their lower edge to the inner surface of the bottom, sufficient to stir up the precipitate and preferably amounting to 3 ... 7 cm. A valve (10) is installed at the outlet of the discharge pipe (9) to output the finished product. The mixing reactor is also equipped with a safety valve (14) and has a sealing gasket (15) between the flange of the housing (1) and the cover (16).

The reactor-mixer for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments works as follows (for example, the production of chemically modified starch). The pipe (18) serves the required volume of a pre-prepared suspension of starch. The bottom end (11) of the pipe (18) is located at the level of the mixer (36). In this case, the central shaft (21) rotates. When filling reactor (1) by 30 ... 40% of its volume, mixing devices mounted on shafts (19) and (24) are included in the operation. After filling the reactor (1) with a suspension to the required level, a previously prepared chemical agent is introduced into the volume of the reactor-mixer (1) through the pipe (20). Then, acid or alkali is added to the reaction mixture through a pipe (22) and the aqueous reaction mixture is stirred at the required temperature (for starch not higher than 50 ° C) for a predetermined time. The temperature in the reactor is set and regulated using a temperature sensor (23), electrically connected to a control unit (not shown conditionally). The required pH of the reaction mixture is set and adjusted using a pH sensor (17) connected electrically to the control unit. The reaction mixture is heated using a heat exchange jacket (2), into which the coolant is fed through a pipe (6) and is removed through a pipe (13). When the central shaft (21) rotates, the anchor mixer (7) with turbulators (8) stirs up the sediment on the bottom, and with the help of rotating mixing devices mounted on the shafts (19), (21) and (24), the starch particles (suspension) are evenly distributed throughout the volume of the reactor, and the process of chemical modification of starch occurs intensively with stirring of the reaction mixture in high turbulence in the entire volume of the reactor-mixer. Turbulizers (5) mounted on the walls of the reactor, turbulizers (8) at anchor (7), as well as mixing devices on shafts (19), (21) and (24) with different types of mixers, and the number of blades, contribute to an increase in the degree of turbulization of the flow. the agitators are preferably less than 4. To ensure safe operation, the housing (1) of the reactor-mixer is equipped with a safety valve (14), which vents excess pressure into the atmosphere. The finished product from the reactor is discharged through the discharge pipe (9) with the valve open (10).

The supply of the reactor-mixer for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments with various additional mixing devices installed on the shafts throughout the volume of the reactor-mixer, turbulators, a pH sensor, a sampling tube with a sample collection tank and a safety valve provides:

- high speed of the physical and chemical processes in heterogeneous environments in the reaction space of the reactor-mixer due to the high intensity of the mass transfer processes in a turbulent mode, due to ensuring that the entire solid phase is in suspension and maintaining the pH value in the optimal range;

- the stability of the process and the simplification of maintenance due to the exclusion of funnel formation during stirring of the reaction heterogeneous medium;

- work safety, as when the pressure rises above the set value, the safety valve automatically activates and the pressure drops;

- the reactor-mixer has a simplified assembly technology and the ability to control the intensity of mass transfer processes in the volume of the reaction mixture.

The result of the utility model is a simple, efficient and reliable reactor-mixer for carrying out the process in heterogeneous environments, which provides the processing of suspensions of low and high concentration, which allows the processes of mixing powders and reactions between their components in dry form, increases safety and simplifies its operation and service.

Sources of information taken into account when filling out the application:

1. Patent for utility model RU No. 25285. Reactor. MKI B01J 19/08, 2002.

2. Patent for utility model RU No. 111025. Apparatus for mixing low-viscosity liquids. MKI B01F 7/16, 2006.

3. Patent RU No. 2132726. Chemical reactor for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments. B01J 8/10, 1999.

4. Patent RU No. 2429063. Chemical reactor for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments. MKI B01J 8/10, 2006.

Claims (4)

1. The reactor-mixer for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments, comprising a cylindrical body with a heat exchange jacket, a cover and a bottom, a central shaft with a mixing device, loading pipes and an unloading pipe, characterized in that the central shaft with a mixing device located along the central axis of the housing the reactor-mixer is equipped with a mixing device in the form of three propeller mixers and an anchor mixer, including turbulators installed on the bottom side with a gap between their lower and bottom, while the reactor-mixer contains two additional shafts with three mixing devices, in the volume of the reactor-mixer there is additionally a pH sensor for the reaction mixture, electrically connected to the pH control device, and turbulence-bumpers, a reactor-mixer are installed on the inner wall of the vessel also equipped with a device for sampling the reaction mixture and a safety valve, and the heat transfer jacket of the reactor-mixer contains an outer layer of thermal insulation. 2. The reactor-mixer for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments according to claim 1, characterized in that the turbulators of the anchor mixer are made in the form of rectangular plates with holes. 3. The reactor-mixer for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealing gasket is installed between the cover and the housing. 4. The reactor-mixer for carrying out processes in heterogeneous environments according to claim 1, characterized in that two paddle and one propeller mixers are used as mixing devices for the additional shafts.

Images