RU1783149C - Device for positive displacement pump heat drive - Google Patents

Abstract

Essence invented: a heater with a cooler located above it is connected by a pipe. The lower end of the nozzle is located at the front of the heater. A pipe connects the top of the heater to the positive displacement pump. The dividing movable partition forms the working and drive chambers. The end tanks of the hollow beam are partially filled with unbalanced liquid and kinematically connected respectively to the baffle and stem of the sealed slide switches with the possibility of periodically blocking the pipelines communicating the cooler and heater with the drive chamber. The upper end of the nozzle is located in the cooler at the surface mark of the liquid working fluid. 2 ill.

Description

The invention relates to a pump construction and can be used for pumping liquid or gas due to the thermal energy of a temperature difference between two media.

A device is known for allowing the centrifugal pump to be thermally driven. This device comprises a steam generator connected by a pipeline to a turbine to which a condenser is connected, from which the condensed liquid freon is pumped to the steam generator, where it is evaporated. The supply of heat and cold carriers to the steam generator and condenser, respectively, is carried out using pumps.

The disadvantage of this device is that an additional device is required to drive the volumetric pump to convert rotational motion to reciprocating and mechanical energy costs to drive three pumps for pumping liquid freon, coolant and coolant, which reduces the efficiency of the device.

A device is known that can be used to drive a positive displacement pump. It contains a V-shaped tube, one end of which is sealed by a fluid piston, and the other is blind. The upper part of the blank pipe is filled with a volatile liquid and is located in a medium with a higher temperature than the temperature of the medium in which the lower part of the pipe is located. A liquid piston is located at the bend of the V-shaped pipe, the density of which is greater than the density of water and easily volatile liquid. A discharge check valve is located in the pipe at its free outlet, and below it a pipe / conduit having a check valve for suction is connected to the pipe.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the low efficiency due to periodic overheating of liquids and

4 CO S

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unproductive heat exchange between the heating and cooling zone.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a device for converting thermal energy into energy of pressure change, containing a heater and a cooler located above it, filled with gas and liquid of an easily evaporating working fluid and interconnected by a pipeline for supplying liquid from the heater to the cooler , the inlet of which is located in the heater’s mark, and the outlet in the cooler is higher than the maximum possible liquid level. The cooler and heater are also connected by a second return pipe, which is designed to drain fluid from the cooler to the heater. The inlet of the return pipe is in communication with the lower part of the cooler and a check valve open towards the heater is installed in it. The upper part of the heater is connected to the positive displacement pump by a pipeline.

The disadvantage of this device is that part of the energy spent in it discontinuously circulates part of the liquid working fluid without phase transformation from the heater to the cooler through the supply pipe and draining it from the cooler to the heater through the pipe, as well as useless periodic overheating of the liquid working body: cooling it in the cooler when supplied from the heater and heating in the heater after discharge from the cooler, This leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the device.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the device by eliminating the need for overheating and pumping a liquid working fluid.

This goal is achieved in that the pump is equipped with a dividing movable partition separating the working and drive chambers, as well as a rocker having tanks located at its ends; the rocker tanks are filled with an unbalanced liquid and kinematically connected both to the pump baffle and to the stem of hermetic spool switches made with the possibility of alternately blocking the pipelines connecting the cooler and heater to the pump drive chamber, while the upper end of the pipe communicating with the heater with a cooler, located in the cooler at the surface mark of the liquid working fluid in it.

The movable partition provides the necessary power drive and kinematic communication mode of operation: the drive chamber is slide switches.

The presence of a rocker arm, the containers of which are located at its ends and are filled with off-balance liquid, is a necessary element that ensures the operability of the kinematic system and closure of pipelines in the shortest possible time. The latter ensures minimization of the unproductive exchange of a gaseous working fluid between the heater and the cooler.

Sealed slide valves make it possible to increase the efficiency of the device by eliminating the leakage of the working fluid, as well as to reduce the risk of environmental pollution.

A sign related to the location of the upper end of the nozzle makes it possible to stabilize and intensify the process of phase transition of the working fluid in the cooler by maintaining a constant contact area of the working fluid in it in the liquid and gaseous phases.

Each of the above features is necessary to achieve the goal, and together they provide increased efficiency of the device.

In addition, the connection of one of the movable ends of the slide switch kinematically with the counter of the open-close cycles of the pipeline on which the switch is mounted allows you to determine the amount of liquid or gas pumped and passing through the device.

Fig. 1 shows a device after a heater is disconnected from the drive chamber and a cooler is connected to it (end of the expansion cycle of the drive chamber and the discharge cycle in the working chamber of the pump), cross section; Fig. 2 is the same, after connecting the heater to the drive chamber and disconnecting the cooler from it (end of the compression cycle of the drive chamber and the suction cycle in the working chamber of the pump).

The device contains a heater 1 and a cooler 2, with a mok 3, in which there is an outlet 4 from a nozzle 5, an inlet 6 of which is located at the level of the liquid working fluid 7 in the cooler 2. The upper parts of the heater 1 and cooler 2 are connected by a pipe 8 through slide switches 9 and 10, and between them through the drive chamber 11 of the volumetric pump 12. The drive chamber 11 has a common movable partition 13 with the working chamber 14 of the pump 12. The working chamber 14 has suction and discharge pipelines, respectively, with check valves 15 and 1 6. A load 17 is mounted on the movable partition 13 with the possibility of changing the mass, for example, made in the form of a box filled with sand. The fixed walls of the chambers 11 and 14 are mounted on a common rigid frame 18. A vertical frame 19 is rigidly connected to the movable partition 13, in the slot of which one end 20 of the lever of the hollow rocker arm 21, supported on the support 22, and end, hydraulically interconnected containers 23 and 24, which are partially filled with unbalanced liquid 25. The second end 26 of the rocker arm 21 is located in the frame 27, rigidly connected by rods 28 and 29 with the ends 30 and 31 of the slide switches 9 and 10, respectively. The movable ends of the slide switches 9 and 10 g JCOMM interconnected valve rods 32 and 33 having radial apertures 34 and 35 for allowing the passage of gas through them via line 8 into one of the extreme positions shgoka. Moreover, when the holes of one rod in one extreme position allow gas to pass through it, the hole of the second rod does not coincide with pipeline 8, and the gas passage through it is blocked by this rod. With the opposite extreme position, the opposite is observed. The bellows chambers 36, 37 and 38, 39 are hermetically connected to the movable highlanders at one end, the second end of which is respectively connected to the respectively fixed ends 40, 41 and 42, 43. The bellows chambers 36 and 37, 38 and 39, respectively, are hydraulically interconnected by gas pipelines 44 and 45.

On the pipeline 8, a counter 46 of its opening-closing cycles is installed, for example, a counter of the number of pressures on its sensor 47 of a rigid console 48 rigidly attached to the end face 30. 11crawled part of the beam 21 connecting the tanks 23 and 24, is separated by a partition 49 with open the ends.

The heater 1 can be made in the form of a solar heater of one of the known constructions, including focusing collectors and heat accumulators (not shown in Fig.).

The device operates as follows,

The heater 1 is located in an environment having a higher temperature than the environment in which the cooler 2 is located. For example, the heater 1 is located in the wastewater of a utility company heating the working fluid in the heater to a temperature of + 30 ° С, and the cooler 2 in the air, cooling the working fluid about it to a temperature of + 150C. In that

case in the heater 1 gas pressure PL for example, Freon-114. on the saturation line it is 2.55 atm, and in cooler 2 the pressure Pg is 1.54 atm. Under the influence of the pressure difference in the pipe 5 liquid Freon-114

extruded to a height above its surface in the heater 1, equal to

n, b -. (1) g AK

where g is the acceleration of gravity, rj is the density of the liquid working fluid (Freon-114 in this case).

The specific volume of liquid freon U1 is -0.90-103 cm3 / kg within the considered temperatures (see page 393, ibid.).

1

Whereas, -, of

V1

relation (1) we find

9.81 (2.55-1.54) kg M Hi

2 2 CM C

9.81 m / s2 x 0.90-103cm3 / kgf; 0.9-103 cm 9 m. (2)

PR Hi (3)

where H is the difference in the marks of the levels of the liquid working fluid in the cooler 2 and the heater 1 (see, figures 1 and 2),

liquid body 7 with an increase in its level above the level of entry 6 flows down

pipe 5 from cooler 2. At the extreme position of the slide switch 10 (see Fig. 1), gas from the drive chamber 11 through the pipe 8 enters through the opening 35 into the cooler 2, provided that the load 17

exerts pressure on the movable partition 13, providing, for example, a pressure of РЗ 2.0 atm on the gas located in the chamber 11. As a result, the gas from the chamber 11 enters the cooler 2, where it condenses, and the liquid working fluid 7 in the volume of the condensed gas flows into the nozzle 5 and enters the heater 1. In this case, the movable partition 13 is lowered, the vertical frame 19 is lowered, respectively, turning the rocker 21 on the support 22. When reaching a close to horizontal position, the unbalanced liquid 25 from the tank 23 begins to merge into tank 24. The partition 49 allows separate liquid 25 to enter the tank 24 from the tank 23, and the gas from the tank 24 to the tank 23. Upon reaching a certain degree of overflow of the liquid 25 into the tank 24, the rocker arm 21 rotates, the shafts 28 and 29 shift up to the extreme position When

With this, the switch 10 closes the nocryme of gas from the chamber 11 to the cooler 2, and at the same time, the switch 9 opens through the hole 34 the gas from the heater 1 into the chamber 11 (see FIG. 2). Gas at higher pressure from the heater 1 enters the drive chamber 11, at which the movable wall moves upward, respectively turning the rocker 21 until the liquid 25 from the tank 24 enters the tank 23 in a volume sufficient to rotate the rocker 21. As a result of this rotation, the flow of gas from the heater 1 to the chamber 11 is blocked, and it is hydraulically connected to the cooler 2. The process is then repeated periodically. When the movable partition 13 is displaced downward in the working chamber 14, the process of liquid suction through the valve 15 occurs, when the partition 13 is displaced upwards, the working chamber 14 is compressed, and the liquid (gas) is pushed through the valve 16 into the pressure pipe

If

H Hi, (4)

then the liquid working fluid 7 is squeezed out of the heater 1 into the cooler 2.

Hence, in order to ensure the operability of the device in the standby mode of the condensed working fluid from the cooler 2 to the heater 1, it is necessary to comply with the inequality condition (3).

In one of the extreme positions of the end face 30, the rigid console 48 presses on the sensor 47 of the counter 46 cycles, which detects the number of presses, which are equal to the number of working cycles completed by the volumetric pump.

The amount of liquid (gas) pumped by the working chamber 14 is

W ruAW, (5)

where n is the number of cycles (suction-pressure);

LW - the amount of liquid (gas) pumped in one cycle.

The value of AW is practically constant. Hence, knowing according to counter 46 the number of cycles, as well as the value of AW, we find from (5) the volume of liquid pumped by the pump.

Similarly, the amount of gas passed through the drive chamber 11 can be determined at constant pressures Pi and P2.

I adjust the mass of the load 17, change

the value of pressure Pz, and hence the height of the suction and discharge of the working chamber 14.

The proposed device allows

drive a volumetric pump due to the heat of a difference in natural temperatures between various means, such as soil, water and air, for example, between soil or reservoir water, which have a positive temperature in winter, at negative air temperatures. It allows the pumping of liquid as well as gas. Using this device, it is advisable to supply air to

ponds in winter to enrich water with oxygen in the fight against cold, as well as supply water for irrigation when the heater 1 is made on the form of a solar heater of one of the known designs

Claims (1)

The claims A device for heat driving a volumetric pump containing a heater and a cooler located above it, interconnected by means of a nozzle, the lower end of which is located in the heater, and a pipe connecting the upper part of the heater with with a volumetric pump, it is noteworthy that, in order to increase the efficiency, the nchsos is equipped with a dividing movable sewing rod with the formation of a working and adjacent crmer and a hollow beam, end the tanks of which are partially filled with unbalanced fluid and kinematically connected, respectively, to the pump baffle and the stem of hermetic slide valves with the possibility of periodically blocking the pipelines communicating the cooler and heater with the pump’s natural chamber, with the upper end of the nozzle located in the cooler at the mark of the surface of the liquid p & 5chr 0 body. /4 -; j -; / At W // I 6 3 M 37