RU1782675C - Self-oscillating vibration exciter - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: as a drive of various vibrating machines for technological purposes. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a partition with inlet and outlet channels is installed in the housing with the formation of two cavities. The spool with stops and annular grooves is placed in the axial channel of the septum and alternately communicates the cavity of the housing with supply and exhaust channels with annular grooves and axial channels. Each of the axial channels is associated with one of the cavities. A variable piston is mounted in the cavities of the housing and passes through the axial channel of the spool. A spring is installed between the piston and the ends of the spool. Each of the axial channels made in the body of the spool is constantly in communication with one annular groove. The spool stroke and the distance between the grooves are equal to the distance between the axes of the inlet and outlet channels. 1 ill. Yo

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to vibration technique and technology, namely, to con; self-oscillating structure

vibration exciters and can be used as a drive for various vibrating machines for technological purposes.

A vibration exciter is known, comprising a housing with a spring-loaded piston, f connected to a pressure line, a controlled spool for discharging a working medium from a pressure line, the spool being connected to the piston by elastic coupling.

The disadvantage of this vibration exciter is the design complexity and the unreliability of its operation due to the presence of a controlled spool, as well as an additional device for controlling the position of the spool when it is started.

A vibration exciter is also known, comprising bases connected to each other, a hollow core, two elastic membranes connected thereto, located between the bases and coaxially fixed thereto, and a valve located inside the core.

The presence of elastic membranes limits operational capabilities by limiting the pressure of the working medium, and also reduces the reliability of the structure.

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The closest in technical essence to the claimed object is a self-oscillating vibration exciter containing a housing with channels for supplying and discharging a working medium, a piston of variable cross-section, a spool with channels that can be contacted with stops made in the form of sections of a larger piston, and piston cavities associated with the inlet and outlet channels.

The disadvantage of this device is its low technological capabilities due to the limited value of the oscillation frequency, low efficiency, which does not allow the use of this vibration exciter in technological processes requiring a high oscillation frequency of the working body, and isothermal operating conditions.

The aim of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of self-oscillating vibration exciters.

This goal is achieved in that a self-oscillating vibration exciter containing a housing, a baffle with supply and exhaust channels installed in the housing with the formation of cavities, a spool with stops and ring grooves, located in the baffle channel with the possibility of alternating communication of the cavities with the supply and exhaust channels by means of ring grooves spool channels, each of which is associated with one of the cavities of the housing, and a piston of variable cross section, mounted in the cavities of the housing and passing through the axial the spool anal is equipped with springs installed between the piston and the ends of the spool, the axial channels are made in the body of the spool, each of them is connected continuously with one annular groove, while the stroke of the spool and the distance between the annular grooves are equal to the distance between the axes of the supply channels and tap.

The drawing shows a diagram of a self-oscillating vibration exciter in the context.

The self-oscillating vibration exciter includes a housing 1 with supply channels 2 and 3, channels of variable cross section 4 and a spool 5 with stops. In the spool 5 made annular grooves b, 7, 8 on a cylindrical surface. A piston of variable cross section 4 with its smaller diameter 9 is located in the axial channel of the spool 5. The housing 1 and the spool 5 form two cavities 10 and 11, in which the piston 4 with a large cross section is located. In the spool 5 additional axial channels 12, 13, 14 are made, each of which is permanently connected to one of the cavities 10, 11 and to one of the annular grooves b, 7, 8.

Zolognik 5 is installed in the axial channel of the partition wall 15 of the housing 1 with the possibility of alternating communication of the cavities 10, 11 with channels of supply 2 and outlet 3 by

ring grooves 6, 7.8. The spool 5 has the ability to move along the piston with the smallest diameter 9 and the possibility of contact with the stops 16 and 17, made in the form of sections of the piston 4 with a large cross section. Compression springs 18 and 19 are installed between the ends of the spool 5 and the parts of the piston 16 and 17. The distance difference between the spool stops and the height of the baffle, which is the piston stroke, and the distance 5 between the annular grooves 6 and 7 and 7 and 8 are equal to the distance between the axes of the inlet 2 and outlet 3 channels.

Works self-oscillating vibration exciter as follows.

0 The relative position of the elements of the self-oscillating exciter and exciter, shown in the drawing, provides the movement of the piston 4 upward relative to the housing 1 and the spool 5. This occurs

5 due to the fact that the inlet channel 2 is connected to the annular groove and then through the additional axial channel 12 to the piston cavity 10. The pressure in the piston cavity 10 increases and due to the difference in diameters 9 and 16 of the piston 4, the latter moves up.

At the same time, the piston cavity 11 through an additional axial channel 14, the annular groove 7 is connected with

5 channel tap 3. Therefore, when moving

piston 4 up

from the piston cavity 11 to the exhaust channel 3.

The pressure generated in the cavity 10,

excludes the movement of the spool 5 up to

0, the spring 19 will not be compressed between the spool 5 and the piston part 17. After this, the joint movement of the spool 5 and the piston 4 begins. This leads to undocking of the supply channel 2 and the annular groove b,

5 of the spool 5, the exhaust channel 3 and the annular groove 7, the spool 5. Further upward movement of the piston 4 is performed by inertia. In this case, the spool 5 begins to move upward relative to the piston 4, i.e.

0 the absolute speed of the spool 5 is equal to the sum of the speed of the portable movement of the piston 4 and the speed of the relative movement of the spool 5 along the piston 4. The absolute speed of the spool 5

5, the connection with the introduction of the springs increases.

The movement of the spool 5 relative to the housing 1 continues until the annular grooves 7 and 8 of the spool 5 are in contact with the inlet channel 2 and outlet 3. respectively.

annular grooves and channels 7 and 2, 8 and 3 due to the fact that, the distance between the annular grooves of the valve 6, 7 and 7, 8 is equal to the distance between the channels of approach 2 and outlet 3 in the partition 15 of the housing 1. After docking of the supply channel 2 with the annular groove 7, the working medium enters the piston cavity 11. At the same time, the piston cavity 10 through the additional axial channel 13 and the annular hole 8 is connected with the exhaust channel 3. The piston 4 moves down. The process of moving the piston 4 down is similar to moving it up.

The presence of additional axial channels 12, 13 and 14 and the distance between the annular grooves 6, 7 and 7, 8, the distance between the inlet channel 2 and outlet 3 reduces the number of rotation of the working fluid flow to a minimum, which leads to a reduction in losses the operation of a self-oscillating vibration exciter, increases its efficiency, reduces its heating during operation, and this, in turn, ensures operation at higher vibration frequencies. The latter circumstance allows the use of the claimed self-oscillating vibration exciter in technological

processes requiring both a low oscillation frequency of the working body and a high one.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A self-oscillating vibration exciter comprising a housing, a partition with inlet and outlet channels installed in the housing with the formation of two cavities, a spool with stops and annular grooves, located in the axial channel of the partition with alternating communication of the housing cavities with the inlet and outlet channels through the annular grooves of the spool and axial channels, each of which is associated with one of the cavities of the housing, and a piston of variable cross-section, installed in the cavities of the housing and passing through the axial channel of the spool, characterized in that, in order to expand technological capabilities, it is provided with springs installed between the piston and the ends of the spool, axial channels are made in the body of the spool and each of them is constantly in communication with one annular groove, while the stroke of the spool and the distance between the annular grooves is equal to the distance between the axes of the inlet and outlet channels, 4J 10