RU1781617C - Accelerometer - morrison cube - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: instrumentation, measuring linear and angular accelerations. The inventive accelerometer-Morrison cube contains a housing 1. Inside it in the liquid 3 is an inertial element 2. The accelerometer on each face has a displacement sensor and an actuator 10, interconnected via an amplifier-converter 9 and a computing unit 8. Each displacement sensor is made in the form of a photoelectric converter and contains a radiation source 4, a beam splitter 5, and a translucent mirror 6 located on the inertia element 2 along one optical axis the housing 1 on the same optical axis 7 is the matrix devices with CCD, the signal from which is fed to a computing unit 8. 2 yl.

Description

ate with

The invention relates to measuring technique, and more particularly, to angular and linear acceleration meters.

Known angular accelerometer containing a flywheel mounted on an axis that coincides in direction with the sensitive axis, as well as an induction angle sensor and a torque sensor. The disadvantages of the known accelerometer are low accuracy due to induction information retrieval, as well as low functionality due to angular acceleration of Myeon and jol-Jko and with respect to only one axis.

Various types of single-component accelerometers are known for measuring apparent linear accelerations of moving objects. Among these accelerometers, there are those in which a sensitive mass is suspended in a liquid. To solve the control problems, it is necessary to have at least three accelerometers, which increases the dimensions and weight of the measuring unit. Another disadvantage of these accelerometers is the low accuracy due to induction or capacitive reading of information about the position of the sensitive mass. A three-component accelerometer with a cubic cruciform inertial mass with an optoelectronic position sensor and an electromagnetic torque sensor is known. The disadvantage of this accelerometer is its low functionality due to the measurement of only three motion parameters.

The closest in technical essence and the proposed invention is a Morrison cube containing a housing, an inertial element in it, liquid in the gap between the housing and the inertial element, capacitive displacement sensors and electromagnetic actuators, as well as an amplifier-converter electrically connected between them. The disadvantage of this device is the low accuracy due to the capacitive method of acquiring information about the position of the inertial element relative to the housing.

The aim of the invention is to increase accuracy.

This goal is achieved in that in a Morrison cube accelerometer containing a housing and an inertial element located therein, liquid in the gap between the housing and the inertial element are located along three orthogonal axes, displacement sensors and actuators, between which an amplifier-converter, sensors are connected movements are made in the form of photoelectric converters, consisting of a radiation source with six optical located on the inertial element

axes and mirrors along these axes, as well as located on each face of the housing along the same optical axes of the matrices of devices with a charge coupling, and between the amplifier-converter and executive bodies

the computing unit is turned on.

The invention is as follows. From the geometric center of each face of the inertial element having the shape of a cube, a beam emerges perpendicular to its face in the direction of the corresponding face of the body, on each of which there is a matrix of devices with a charge link. For six pairs of coordinates of the points of incidence of the rays of the source on

arrays of devices with a charge of six faces of the case, the computing unit determines the linear displacements of the Morrison cube along three mutually orthogonal axes and the angular displacements with respect to

three mutually orthogonal axes,

The use of radiation sources, beam splitters, mirrors, arrays of charge-coupled devices and a computing unit are known in the art. However use

these elements in the universal inertial measuring units such as the Morrison cube is not known, as evidenced by the patent search. So use in

The proposed Morrison cube of individually known features leads to a new quality, which has manifested itself in a positive effect - an increase in accuracy - in connection with which the invention has significant differences.

In FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of the proposed accelerometer; in FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement of coordinate axes of device arrays with a charge link of a device body.

Accelerometer-cube} 1k Morrison contains a housing 1, an inertial element 2, a liquid 3 in the gap between the housing 1 and the inertial element 2, a radiation source 4, a beam splitter 5, a translucent mirror 6, matrices 7 of devices with a charge-coupled connection a computing unit 8, an amplifier-converter 9, and electromagnetic actuators 10,

The Morrison cube accelerometer works as follows.

The inertial element 2, connected with the housing 1 only by viscous friction of the liquid 3, tends to keep its position unchanged in the inertial space. Therefore, when the body 1 moves, the inertial element 2 shifts relative to the zero position, for which the position of the inertial element 2 is taken when its geometric center coincides with the geometric center of the body 1, and each face of the inertial element 2 is parallel to the corresponding face of the body 1. At the zero position, all the rays of the sources radiation fall at the origin of the matrices 7 of the devices with a charge of the corresponding faces of the housing 1 (see figure 2), When the inertial element 2 is offset relative to the zero The displacement sensors measure this displacement, transmit it to the computing unit 8, which determines three orthogonal projections of the displacement of the center of mass of the inertial element 2 relative to three mutually orthogonal coordinate axes: l-lll, II-IV, V-VI (see Fig. 2). The signal from the computing unit 8 through the amplifier-converter 9 is transmitted to the electromagnetic actuators 10, which apply the forces necessary for its return to the zero position to the inertial element 2. Thus, under the action of external forces, measured by displacement sensors and compensated by executive bodies 10, the inertial element makes oscillatory movements with a small amplitude near the zero position, i.e., the proposed device operates in a zero-indicator mode. Information about linear and angular accelerations, the values of which are proportional to the displacements of the inertial element 2, are removed from the computing unit 8.

The measurement of the position of the inertial element 2 is carried out as follows. The beam of source A, for example, a semiconductor laser separated by a beam splitter 5 (see Fig. 1) and a translucent mirror 6, leaves the center of each face of the inertial element 2 (perpendicular to this face) in the direction of the corresponding faces of the housing 1, on which arrays of devices 7 with a charge, according to the coordinates of the points of incidence of the rays of the source 4 onto which the computing unit 8 determines the angular and linear displacement of the inertial element 2 relative to the housing 1.

Assume that the inertial element 2, initially placed in the zero position, begins to rotate about the axis V-VI. Then, at small angular displacements x (sin):

, 1 xl

.

where Xi, YI are the coordinates of the incidence of the beam on the 1st matrix of charge-coupled devices. The linear motion of the inertial element 2 along the axis V-VI relative to the zero position will be determined by the formula

iY

- 1

and

With a more complex movement, the formulas are complicated, however, a fundamental difference from the prototype position determination

inertial element 2 relative to the housing 1 in the proposed device is not. The difference is a high-precision optical position measurement method that yields accuracy gains. Already, arrays of charge-coupled arrays with a resolution of a few microns have been successfully used, which brings this method closer. accuracy to interference and allows to increase the accuracy of measuring the position of the inertial element 2 of the Morrison cube accelerometer relative to the housing 1, and therefore to increase the accuracy of measuring linear and angular accelerations by

accelerometer in general.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Morrison’s cube accelerometer, comprising a housing and an inertial element located therein, liquid in the gap between the housing and the inertial element, displacement sensors located along three orthogonal axes, actuators, between which an amplifier 1 is connected, characterized in that, with In order to increase the accuracy of measurements, displacement sensors are made in the form of photoelectric converters consisting of a CPSTO divider with six located on the inertial element of the radiation source the optical axes and the mirror along these axes, and positioned on each side of the casing along the same optical axes of the matrices devices with CCD, a converter between the amplifier and the executive enabled computing unit. 0 5 0 5 w / F Y- & i Ys -lx   & F & 2