RU1781470C - Flow separator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a volumetric hydraulic actuator and can be used in synchronization systems of two working bodies of construction and road machines. The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality by implementing the possibility of both a synchronization mode and a separate control mode for the movement of the actuators. This goal is achieved by the fact that the flow divider is equipped with a three-line three-position spool valve with a middle position lock, the working channels of which are connected to the fluid supply cavities, and the pressure channel of the distributor is in communication with the flow divider supply channel. 2 ill.

Description

The invention relates to a volumetric hydraulic actuator and can be used in synchronization systems of two working bodies of construction and road machines.

Throttle-type flow dividers are known, the main elements of which are constant chokes in the main flows, and a floating piston is used as a shut-off-regulating element.

The disadvantage of this flow divider is the inability to intervene in the synchronization process, for example, when an error accumulates on any executive body due to insufficient division accuracy, and also the impossibility of separate control of the executive working bodies combined by the flow divider.

Closest to the claimed object is a flow divider comprising a housing with an inlet cavity and two outlet cavities, each of which is connected to the inlet cavity through a constant choke and an alternating choke formed by fixed bushings installed in the housing coaxially relative to one another and an elastic locking and regulating element installed between the bushings.

A disadvantage of the known flow splitter is the inability to intervene in the synchronization process of the actuators and separate control of the actuators joined by the flow divider, which reduces the efficiency of its use.

The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality by

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separate control of hydraulic motors of executive bodies.

The goal is achieved in that the flow divider comprising a housing with an inlet channel, two outlet channels, in which the bushings are coaxially placed with the formation of inlet cavities communicated via inductors with the inlet channel, and two outlet cavities communicated with respective inlet cavities through variable inductors formed by an elastic cylindrical locking element installed between the bushings, according to the invention is equipped with a three-line three-position spool valve with a middle position lock an operation whose working channels are in communication with the working fluid supply cavities, and the pressure channel of the distributor is in communication with the supply channel of the flow divider.

The proposed flow divider allows you to expand the scope by expanding the functionality by implementing the possibility of separate control of hydraulic motors of the executive working bodies.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the proposed flow divider; in Fig.2 - one of the possible structural solutions.

The flow divider comprises a housing 1 with inlet cavities 2 and 3 and outlet 4 and 5, each of which is connected to the inlet cavities through variable chokes 6 and 7, formed by fixed bushings 8 and 9, and a cylindrical elastic locking-regulating element 10 installed between two bushings 8 and 9, as well as a spool three-way valve 11 with a supply cavity 12, the exhaust cavities 13 and 14 of which are connected to the supply cavities 2 and 3 of the flow divider, the edges 15 and 16 of the spool 17 are formed with the corresponding edges 18 and 19 of the hydraulic housing § cg Limits the fuses between the chokes 20 and 21.

The flow divider works as follows.

The working fluid enters the housing 1 of the flow divider in the inlet cavity 2 and 3, through the inlet cavity 12 of the valve 11, through the variable chokes 20 and 21 formed by the edges 15 and 16 of the spool 17 and the edges 18 and 19 of the valve body 11. In the neutral position of the spool 17 its edges 15 and 16 and the edges 18 and 19 of the valve body provide equal hydraulic resistance to the variable chokes 20 and 21.

With equal loads on the actuators (not shown) connected to the cavities of the taps 4 and 5, and with the neutral position of the spool 17 providing equal hydraulic resistance to the variable chokes 20 and 21, the cylindrical elastic locking element 10, with the same pressures inside and outside it surfaces, maintains an equilibrium position and provides equal hydraulic resistance to variable chokes 6 and 7 and

accordingly, equal flow pressure is ensured when it passes inside and outside the surface of the cylindrical elastic locking-regulating element 10 and the drain cavities 4 and 5.

With an increase in the external load on the actuator 1 i connected, for example, to the exhaust cavity 4, the flow of the working fluid through the variable inductors 7 and 20 decreases and, accordingly, the flow of the working fluid through the variable inductors 6 and 21. The pressure drop across the variable inlet 20 decreases. and on the variable choke 21 increases.

As a result of this change in pressure drops, the pressure outside the surface of the cylindrical elastic locking and regulating element 10 exceeds the pressure inside and it deforms, increasing the hydraulic resistance of the variable throttle 6 and decreasing the hydraulic resistance of the variable throttle 7. As a result of changing the hydraulic resistance of the variable chokes 6 and 7, the ratio between the total resistances of the variable chokes 7 and 20, 6 and 21 are restored and, accordingly, are restored accordingly Ocean between values divisible streams, i.e.

DR7 + DR20 1

DR6 + AR21 p

where AR20, DR21 pressure differences on variable throttle x 20 and 21;

D Re, D P - pressure drops on variable throttle x 6 and 7;

n is an arbitrary number characterizing the required flow ratio.

If necessary, intervention in the synchronization process, for example, for separate control of the actuator connected to the cavity 5 of the tap 5,

the spool 17 of the control valve 17 moves to position II, the hydraulic resistance of the variable throttle 20 increases and, accordingly, the resistance of the variable throttle 21 decreases, which accordingly leads to the appearance of a pressure differential between the outer and inner surfaces of the cylindrical locking and regulating element 10, which deforms and reduces the hydraulic resistance of the variable throttle 7 and increases the hydraulic resistance of the variable throttle 6, which is connected to the cavity a 5.

When moving the spool 17 of the hydraulic distributor P to the IN position, separate control of the actuator connected to the outlet cavity 4 is carried out.

The proposed flow divider allows you to expand the scope of application due to the possibility of both a synchronization mode and a separate control mode of executive working bodies operating in a parallel circuit,

Claims (1)

which allows interfering with the synchronization process when errors accumulate on any executive body. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A flow divider comprising a housing with an inlet channel, two outlet channels, in which bushings are coaxially placed to form inlet ducts of inlet cavities communicated via inductors with a subspecies channel, and two outlet cavities communicated with respective inlet cavities through alternating inductors, formed by an elastic cylindrical locking element installed between the bushings, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality by separately controlling the hydraulic motor E, it is provided with a three-way three-position spool retainer raspredelitelems middle position, working channels which communicate with the cavities for supplying a working fluid flow channel and the distributor channel communicates with the inlet flow divider. fЈ / e. 1 ff / ff / 2 Fie. Z