RU1773971C - Method of creating anti-filtering screen - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: to create anti-filtration screens for sludge collectors of industrial waste, for example, coal industry The essence of the invention consists in laying on the shielded surface of the stock and coating it in a burning, containing, wt.% Coal-dressing sludge 6-7, resinous waste of coke production 7- 9, sulfur 1-2 and a mineral filler, for example granose, the rest. 1 s.p. crystals, 7 tab.

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used to create anti-filter screens for sludge collectors of industrial waste, in particular sludge from the coal industry

There is a known method of creating a proto-filtration screen, including laying crushed stone on the shielding surface, coating it in a binder with subsequent sealing and applying a layer of a mixture of binder with filler and mineral powder on top. At the same time, bitumen is used as an extractant, and indigenous

rocks milled in ball mills 1.

The disadvantage of this method is the relatively low strength of the created anti-filter screen, the scarcity of the cementitious mineral powder used and the considerable cost.

Closest to the invention is a method 2 of creating a protio-filter screen, comprising laying crushed stone on the screened surface, coating it with a binder followed by compaction and applying a layer of a mixture of binder with filler and mineral powder on top of which in the binder

nra &

use a mixture of tarry wastes of coke-chemical production with sulfur, and as a mineral powder - sludge for chemical water treatment of waste products from nitrogen fertilizers in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Chemical sludge for sewage 7-9 Resinous waste of coke-chemical production 5-9

Sulfur1-5

Filler Else

The disadvantages of this method are the relatively low strength of the generated screen for coal sludge and a significant cost.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the strength and economy of the screen.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method of creating an anti-filtration screen, including laying crushed stone on a screened surface, coating it in a mixture of resinous waste of coke-chemical production with sulfur, compacting and applying a layer from the mixture to the mixture with a filler and mineral powder on top the quality of the mineral powder using coal sludge in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Coal slurry 6-7 Resinous waste of coke production 7-9

Sulfur 1-2

Mineral

filler

As a mineral filler, granotsev is used,

A comparative analysis of the proposed method with the prototype shows that the proposed method differs from the known one in that in the anti-filter layer as a mineral powder coal sludge is used - waste from the coal industry at a certain ratio of components.

Thus, the proposed method meets the criterion of novelty.

As is known, the components of asphalt mixtures used in road and hydraulic engineering are mineral filler, for example, small gravel or granotsev, mineral powder and cement.

One of the most important components of the composition for creating an anti-filtration screen by the proposed method is mineral powder, which significantly determines the increased strength, density and durability of the screen. GOST 9128-84 allows the use of, in addition to traditional powders of carbonate rocks, powders from dusty industrial wastes. Investigation of coal sludge in a laboratory for filtration studies and engineering hydrogeology, KhO VNII VODGEO in accordance with GOST 16557-78 Mineral powder for asphalt mixtures. Specifications and GOST 12784-78 Mineral powder for asphalt mixtures. The test methods showed 5 that the coal slurry fully meets the requirements of GOST. In the table. Figure 1 shows the results of determining the physicomechanical properties of sludge in the form of average values of several repeated 0 tests.

In the table. Figure 2 shows the chemical composition of coal sludge, a waste from the coal industry.

From the above indicators, it follows 5 that the coal preparation sludge fully meets the requirements of GOST for mineral powders of asphalt concrete mixtures, which allows it to be used as mineral powder 0 in the proposed method of creating an anti-filter screen.

In the table. 3 shows the particle size distribution of mineral materials, and in table. 4 - calculation of the composition of the sand mixture with 5 materials in fractions of the volume, since mineral materials (granotsev, sludge) have different densities. Table 5 shows the composition of the mineral part of the mixture in fractions of volume and mass.

0 As the results of our studies have shown, the optimal amount of coal dressing sludge in the composition of the mineral part by mass is 6-7%, since when the content of sludge is less than b or more than 5 7%, the resulting compositions of the mineral part go beyond the curves of dense mixtures prepared in accordance with GOST 9128-84 (see tables. 4 and 5).

Zionist binders - a waste of coke-chemical production is a mixture of coal tar and acid tar of the STU type (heavy tar). The mixture is prepared at a coke plant in accordance with TU 14-6-131-76 and is used as cementing agent for road construction.

The introduction of sulfur provides an increase in viscosity and water resistance in the binder. Sulfur is a waste of coke production and complies with GOST 1071-72 Sulfur technical.

Filler (granotsev) corresponds to GOST 8267-82.

In the table. b shows experimental data characterizing the physicomechanical parameters of the antifiltration layer from a mixture of mineral filler with coal sludge (A) and cement (STU) with the addition of sulfur (B).

When the sulfur content is less than 1.0%, the required viscosity of the STU corresponding to the viscosity of the BND 60/90 / is not provided. With an increase in the content of CTU and sulfur in the mixture, the compressive strength at 20 ° C begins to decrease.

Thus, the optimal sulfur and CTU contents are May 1–2 and 7–9, respectively. %

In the table. 7 shows comparative data characterizing the ultimate compressive strength (at 20 ° C) according to the proposed method and the prototype.

The filtration coefficient of the anti-filtration screen created by the proposed method was determined by laboratory tests and amounted to 1.05 m / day, i.e. approximately one order of magnitude lower than the recommended SNiP for calculating the filtration coefficient of conventional hydraulic asphalt concrete equal to 8.64 m / day.

Thus, the proposed method of creating an anti-filtration screen allows not only to increase profitability due to the use of production waste, but also to significantly increase the strength of the screen and improve its water resistance.

From the above data it follows that despite the fact that the use of various sludges as mineral components of asphalt concrete in the technique of road and hydraulic construction is known, the proposed method for creating an anti-filter screen meets the criterion of significant differences.

The proposed method of creating an anti-filter screen is carried out as follows.

A base layer of black gravel fractions of 10-20 mm is laid, which is delivered to the place of laying and distributed evenly over the screened surface with a layer of 0.1 m thick. The STU with the addition of 1% sulfur is delivered by asphalt distributors and a continuous film is applied to the binder by pouring black crushed stone over a layer at a temperature of 100-200 ° C and a flow rate of 1.2-1.5 l / m. The laid layer is compacted with rollers in

hot condition. Pre-compaction is carried out by light rollers (MZSS up to 8 t) for 4-6 passes, final compaction by heavy rollers (mass 10-18 t) for 10-20 passes on one track. Final compaction is done with heavy rollers in 6-10 passes. During the compaction process, the density of the layer is monitored using both of the applied methods.

Coal slurry is delivered by dump trucks to an asphalt plant. At the plant site, sludge is spread in a thin layer of 15-20 cm for initial drying. During drying, the sludge is periodically mixed with an eutograder. The sludge is finally dried in the drying section of the asphalt mixing plant at 100-120 ° C. after which the sludge is subjected to grinding. Further, both LIJ and the process of preparing the mixture of the mineral part and the binder are carried out according to the conventional technology.

The finished mixture is delivered to the place of laying, distributed and compacted when hot at a temperature of the mixture of at least 120-140 ° C with a layer of 5 cm. Compaction of the mixture is carried out by rollers similar to compaction of the underlying layer. After laying and compacting two layers with a total thickness of 10 cm, a film is coated on the compacted coating by pouring it at a temperature of 100-200 ° C at a flow rate of 1.2-1.5 l / m2.

Using the proposed method makes it possible to create an elastic, durable and non-filtering screen for slurry collectors of the coal industry. Due to the use of coke and chemical waste and coal slurry — coal industry wastes in the proposed method for screening the drives of these plants, the annual economic effect will be 83.2 thousand rubles.

Claims (2)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A method of creating a pro-Filtration screen, comprising in a mode “on a screened surface of rubble, coating it in a mixture of resinous wastes of coke-chemical production with sulfur, compacting and applying a layer from the mixture into the mixture with a filler and mineral powder , about 1.1 hours and with the fact that, in order to increase the strength and efficiency of the screen, we use slurry of carbon-based slurry as a mineral powder in the following ratio of components, wt.%: coal sludge 6-7; tarry wastes of coke production 7–9; sulfur 1-2; filler else. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that granotsev is used as a mineral filler. Table 1 Granulometric composition of mineral materials table 2 Table 3 Calculation of the composition of the sand mixture Total: Table 5 0.978-0.981 100 Table 6 Table 7