RU177226U1 - SURGICAL Spoon for curving soft tissues and bones - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical solution relates to medicine, namely to a surgical instrument intended for the mechanical processing of soft tissues and bones. The spoon contains a handle 1, a working part 2, the free end 3 of the working part has the shape of a cup, the other end 4 of the working part is connected to the handle. The bowl is equipped with a closed cutting edge and is bent away from the longitudinal axis of the handle. The working part is made with two bends 5, so that the free end of the working part is offset relative to the longitudinal axis of the handle, at a distance "a", the handle is made of polymer material. The length of the spoon is from 400 to 500 mm. The spoon can be set at any angle to the limb, fixed in the AVF, it allows you to process the back surface of the bone (opposite the wound) and penetrate the bone channel. The technical result consists in providing access to the working end of the spoon (bowl) to the treated tissues under fixation of the operated limb in the external fixation apparatus and the ability to process tissues without dislocation of the bone fragment from the surgical incision and without performing additional incisions. 1 n and 3 z.p. f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

The technical solution relates to medicine, namely to a surgical instrument intended for the mechanical processing of soft tissues and bones.

In the surgical treatment of various lesions of the musculoskeletal system, mechanical treatment of biological tissues is often required. In surgery, spoons and curettes are used in the treatment of osteomyelitis or in bone injuries for scraping (removing) pathological soft tissues from bones, removing pathologically altered bone tissue, curettage, scooping out tissue particles.

Various medical spoons and curettes are known from the prior art, differing in geometric shape, size and other parameters depending on the area and application conditions. In the general case, surgical spoons are, as a rule, a single-blade tool with a concave working end (the shape of a spoon, bowl), the pointed edges of which form a closed blade.

Known sharp bone spoon of Bruns ([1] - G. M. Semenov. Modern surgical instruments. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2006. - 352 pp. - (Series "Quick Guide"). ISBN 5-469-00785-5. Page 86, section 3.7 Sharp bone spoons. Electronic version on the Internet, access mode: http://amosovmop.narod.ru/OPK/semenov_g.m-sovremennye_khirurgicheskie_instrument.pdf). This spoon [1] contains the working part, the neck and the handle. One end of the working part is concave, the other end (neck) is connected to the handle. The working end is made in the form of a spoon (bowl), the pointed edge of the bowl forms a closed blade with a cutting edge. In the shape of the working end (the shape of the blade), bone spoons can be round and oval. According to the diameter of the working end, bone spoons can be large (diameter from 8 to 14 mm), medium (diameter from 4 to 7 mm), small (diameter from 2 to 3 mm). 3. Bone spoons can be small (length from 120 to 140 mm), medium (length from 150 to 170 mm), long (length from 180 to 230 mm) along the length.

This analogue [1] is of insufficient length, the working part is short and straightforward. It does not allow to process soft tissues and bone tissue in a wound (incision) under conditions of fixation of the affected segment in the external fixation apparatus (AVF). For example, if an Ilizarov apparatus is pre-installed on a segment of a limb requiring surgical intervention, then processing the bone with an analog [1] through an incision (wound) causes significant difficulties. The supports and rods of the AVF limit the operative space, and the short and straight working part of the analogue [1] does not allow to treat the affected bone fragment in the wound without removing it from the wound (dislocation of the end of the bone fragment from the wound is required), or without performing additional incisions, bone skeleton, which is an additional unwanted trauma. This analogue [1] is not suitable for manipulations (sequestrnecrectomy, resection of purulent sagging, removal of pathological tissues, screw fragments, bone cement, etc.) on the extremities during AVF osteosynthesis.

Known medical spoons for the removal of pathological soft tissues from blood vessels ([2] - patent RU 147764, [3] patent RU 147705). Spoon [2; 3] consists of a handle, a working part with a neck and a working end of an oval shape. Working end with blunt edges and a truncated front end. The handle is provided with a recess for the surgeon's thumb. The neck is bent relative to the handle at an angle and relative to the working part, at the same angle so that the longitudinal axis of the working end is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the handle and offset relative to it.

This analogue [2; 3] does not have a cutting edge, the working end with blunt edges and is not intended for processing bone tissue. The working part is short, comparable to the long handle and is not suitable for manipulations (sequestrnecrectomy, resection of purulent sagging, removal of pathological tissues, screw fragments, bone cement, etc.) on the limbs during osteosynthesis of AVF.

Known bone curette ([3] - Product catalog of the firm “KLS Martin group” No. 34, section No. 23 bone surgery, page 537, bone curette article 23-282-02-04 (catalog tool C34, “kls martin group”, 23 Bone surgery, 537, Bone surgery 23-282-02-04 Bone curette, acc. To Volkmann, silicone coated Handle, no. 2, 27 cm,) search by catalog number is available on the company's website, access mode: http: / /www.klsmartin.com/catalog/en/search?search-text=23-282-02-04). The bone curette (3) contains a plastic (as well as textolite) handle, a working part with a working end in the form of a spoon (bowl), a cutting edge along the edge of the spoon. The working part is rectilinear, the longitudinal axis of the handle and the working end coincide. Total length 270 mm.

The total length of the working part of the curette [3] is insufficient for the surgeon to work comfortably if the limb is fixed in an external fixation apparatus (AVF), since the AVF supports limit the space around the operated limb. The geometric shape of the working part is not suitable for manipulation of the limbs during osteosynthesis of AVF. The handle and the working end are located on the same axial line, so it is inconvenient to place the handle parallel or almost parallel to the limb and process the affected area through one incision. To process the affected area, additional cuts are required. Sometimes the affected bone fragment for a full and high-quality treatment with a curette [3] requires dislocation from the wound, this leads to unwanted trauma.

Known bone curette ([4] - Product catalog of the firm “KLS Martin group” section No. 23 bone surgery, bone curette article 23-348-05-07 (catalog tool, “kls martin group”, 23 Bone surgery 23-282-02 -04, Bone curette, acc. To Bushe, with hollow Handle, oval, 5 mm, 25 cm) is available on the company's website http://www.klsmartin.com, search by catalog number on the company's website, access mode: http: //www.klsmartin.com/catalog/en/search?search-text=23-348-05-07+). The bone curette (4) contains a handle, a working part with a working end in the form of a spoon (bowl), an oval cutting edge along the edge of the spoon. The working part is rectilinear, the longitudinal axis of the handle and the working part coincide. The longitudinal axis of the working end (spoon) is bent away from the longitudinal axis of the handle. Total length 250 mm. The curette [4] is made of solid metal.

The total length of the working part of the curette [4] is also insufficient for access to the treated area through the incision under conditions of limb fixation in the AFF. The working part is straightforward, without bends, it does not allow manipulation of the limbs during osteosynthesis of the AFF, and the affected area can be treated through one incision, while the handle is parallel or almost parallel to the limb. Supports AVF limit the space near the limb for manipulation of the curette [4], and for a full and high-quality treatment of the curette [4], the bone must be dislocated from the wound, or the wound should be enlarged. In addition, the working part of the curette [4] is made in one piece with a metal handle. The metal handle during operation has the ability to slip out of the hand, which complicates the work. Also, the implementation of the handle together with the working part from a single piece of metal (rolled round or faceted) is impractical from the point of view of saving metal.

The claimed technical solution, a surgical spoon for processing soft tissues and bones (hereinafter referred to as a “spoon”) is aimed at solving an applied problem - facilitating the process of processing a lesion of bone tissue and soft tissues through one incision under conditions of limb fixation in AVF. The geometric shape of the working part provides ease of access for the working end to the treated area through a single incision, when fixing fragments of bone AVF. As a result of use, the surgical wound has the minimum necessary size, blood loss is reduced, the time of the operation is reduced, the risk of trophic and purulent complications, the risk of damage to nerves and blood vessels is minimized.

The technical result consists in providing access of the working end of the spoon to the tissues to be treated under fixation of the operated limb in the external fixation apparatus and the ability to process tissues without dislocation of the bone fragment from the surgical incision and without performing additional incisions.

The technical result is ensured by the fact that the spoon contains a handle, a working part, the free end of the working part has the shape of a bowl, the other end of the working part is connected to the handle, the bowl is equipped with a closed cutting edge and bent away from the longitudinal axis of the handle. The working part is made with two bends, so that the free end of the working part is offset relative to the longitudinal axis of the handle by a distance “a”, the handle is made of a polymer material.

Preferably, the total length of the spoon "L" is in the range from 400 to 500 mm, the length "e" of the working part to the handle is at least 240 mm. The distance "a" is in the range from 20 to 70 mm. The free end with the bowl is bent away from the longitudinal axis of the handle by an angle ϕ, which is in the range from 10 to 55 °. This provides ease of use in conditions where the limb is in the AFF. The working part is preferably made of an alloy of stainless corrosion-resistant steel, and the handle is made of polyamide. Corrosion-resistant stainless steel provides resistance to external mechanical and chemical aggressive effects, biological fluids, sterilizing agents, temperature. The handle, made of polyamide, does not slip in the hand, softer, more comfortable to use than metal. The hardness of the working part is in the range from 48 to 65 HRC, this ensures wear resistance of the cutting edge, increases the frequency of application. The surface of the metal parts should be shiny or matte. Roughness from 0.16 microns to 0.63 microns. The working part can be processed by electrochemical polishing with a roughness of 0.32 mm.

The technical solution is illustrated by graphic materials.

FIG. 1 - spoon, general view;

FIG. 2 - spoon, side view;

FIG. 3 - spoon, top view;

FIG. 4 - spoon, general view with exploded parts;

FIG. 5 - spoon, general view of the working end.

Implementation of a technical solution.

The spoon contains the handle 1 (Fig. 1; 2; 3; 4), the working part 2 (Fig. 1; 2; 3; 4). The working part 2 is made of stainless corrosion-resistant steel in the form of a curved bar of circular cross section (5 mm in the narrow part), one free end 3 (Fig. 1; 2; 3; 4) of the working part 2 has the shape of a bowl (Fig. 5) , the other end 4 (Fig. 1; 2; 3; 4) of the working part 2 is installed in the handle 1 and pinned. The working part 2 is made with bends 5, the bending angle "β" is 130 ° (Fig. 2, the angle "β" is in the range from 90 to 150 °), so that the free end 3 of the working part 4 is offset relative to the longitudinal axis of the handle 1 by distance "a" equal to 32 mm. The free end 3 with the bowl is bent away from the longitudinal axis of the handle 1 at an angle of 30 °. The bowl (Fig. 5) contains a front flat surface 6, a spherical recess 7 and is equipped with a closed cutting edge 8. The recess 7 is oriented (turned away) away from the handle 1. The diameter ∅ of the spherical recess 7 is 10 mm. The handle 1 is made of polyamide PA 66. The handle 1 has a length of 120 mm, an outer diameter of 35 mm, has a rounded figured shape and flat edges. The working part 2 is heat treated to give it high hardness and wear resistance, hardness is 60 HRC. Metal surfaces have a roughness in the range from 0.16 μm to 0.32 μm.

Using a technical solution.

A curved surgical spoon for processing soft tissues and bones can be used for orthopedic operations in conditions where the limb is in the AFF, for revision of purulent streaks in soft tissues, for the treatment of osteomyelitis foci, for surgical treatment of false joints, removal of foreign objects (bone screw fragments , bone cement, sequesters) from bones and soft tissues of a limb segment, for curettage of bone cavities after sequestrectomy. Hold the spoon by the handle 1. The handle 1 made of polyamide does not slip out of the hand, its rounded shape with flat sides is convenient for applying effort. Into the soft tissue incision, the working part 2 is introduced with the free end 3. The end 3 is drawn deep into the surgical wound and placed on the surface of the bone fragment or soft tissue with the cutting edge 8. The length of the working part 2 and its curved geometric shape allows you to enter the free end 3 and manipulate it, holding a spoon by the handle 1, not in contact with the supports of the AVF. The handle 1 is located outside the supports of the AVF, and they do not interfere with the manipulation. The cutting edge 8 is abutted into the fabric, moved along the surface to be machined, a scraping movement is made, tissue particles fill the bowl, then the end 3 is removed, the bowl is empty. Repeating such movements, pathologically altered tissues are scooped out and scraped out. Hold the spoon in the required position for the handle 1 with one hand.

The claimed technical solution is made and tested by the authors in the Ilizarov Center, Kurgan, has shown its effectiveness in processing the affected areas of the limb when it is fixed in the AFF.

Claims (4)

1. Curved surgical spoon for processing soft tissues and bones, containing a handle, a working part, the free end of the working part is in the shape of a bowl, the other end of the working part is connected to the handle, the bowl is equipped with a closed cutting edge and bent away from the longitudinal axis of the handle, characterized in that the working part is made with two bends, so that the free end of the working part is offset relative to the longitudinal axis of the handle and bent from the longitudinal axis of the handle by an angle that is in the range from 10 to 55 °, the handle is made of polymeric material. 2. Curved surgical spoon for soft tissue processing according to claim 1, characterized in that the total spoon length is in the range from 400 to 500 mm, and the handle length is in the range from 90 to 160 mm. 3. Curved surgical spoon for soft tissue processing according to claim 1, characterized in that the working part is made of an alloy of stainless corrosion-resistant steel, and the handle is made of polyamide. 4. Curved surgical spoon for soft tissue processing according to claim 1, characterized in that the hardness of the working part is in the range from 48 to 65 HRC.

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