RU177154U1 - CARTRIDGE FOR LIQUID FILTRATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to filtering devices, in particular to replaceable elements for use in filtration and water purification systems from insoluble impurities, rust, sand and other suspensions by filtration. The inventive device consists of an internal filtering volume 1 having the shape of a hollow cylinder, the walls of which are formed layer-by-layer laying of a non-woven thermally brazed web of fibers primarily of polypropylene and acting as a carcass. An external filtering volume 2 is layered on the outer generatrix of the filter volume 1, which is formed by a layer oblique winding of a pneumotextured multifilament polypropylene yarn with a loop pile, while adjacent layers have the opposite direction of thread placement. The thickness of the internal volume is preferably 30% of the thickness of the cartridge. The technical result is the expansion of the range of filter elements for cleaning liquids with a high service life and providing high quality cleaning liquids, preferably water. 4 C.p. f-crystals, 2 ill., 2 tab.

Description

The invention relates to filtering devices, in particular to replaceable elements for use in filtration and water purification systems from insoluble impurities, rust, sand and other suspensions by filtration.

The manufacturing technology of the cartridge by winding filter material on a rigid frame, having the form of a sleeve, is widely known. It is also known to use as filter material fibers of a thermoplastic polymer, preferably polypropylene, and / or foamed polypropylene, and / or a nonwoven polypropylene fabric.

Thus, cartridge designs are known where fibrous materials are used as filter material.

In particular, a filter element is known, which contains filtering and coagulating layers placed on the flow of the filtered medium, made of fibers of a thermoplastic polymer, mainly polypropylene, coagulating layers are made of thin fibers and separated by a layer of coarse fibers, the density of the coagulating layers on the inlet side is filtered environment more than from the exit [Patent for invention RU No. 2326716].

The disadvantage of this device is the location of the filter layers, in which the density of the coagulating layers from the input side of the filtered medium is greater than from the output side. This leads to an earlier clogging of the filter and a decrease in its filtering ability.

Known filter element made in the form of a coil with a perforated central sleeve, on which a filter curtain is placed, which is a multilayer crosswise winding of a fleecy thread, the inner layers of the filter curtain are made of synthetic textured multifilament thread with a predominantly loop pile, and the outer layers of the filter curtain are made of staple spinning made from cation exchange fiber. On the outer surface of the perforated Central sleeve made of longitudinal ribs located evenly between the rows of perforations [Patent for the invention RU No. 2411983].

The main objective of the known cartridge is to remove iron ions and hardness salts from water while simultaneously mechanically cleaning it. In this regard, the permissible filtration rate is very low, since it is limited by the rate of the redox reaction on the surface of the ion exchange thread

A cartridge is also known, which comprises a housing with an inlet and filter layers of fibrous materials placed in the housing. The presence of sorption-active, ion-exchange, and iodinated layers is provided, between which perforated gaskets are placed, the following layers are used: the layer of the needle-punched filter fabric VION KN-1 converted to the H ⁺ form; fiber layer of chemisorption VION AC-1 converted to OH ^- form: layer of iodinated fiber AC-1; a layer of coal fabric "Viskumak", a layer of canvas VION KN-1. [Patent for the invention RU No. 2132217].

Known filter element, made in the form of a replaceable cartridge of layers located in the following sequence along the direction of the liquid from the outer surface to the center of the filter: a layer of quartz fabric; a layer of silica fibers with a diameter of 3-5 microns; a layer of quartz ultrathin fibers with a diameter of 1-1.5 microns; a layer of ion-exchange filter cloth made of chemisorption cation-exchange fiber VION KT-1; a layer of carbon activated non-woven material; a quartz fabric layer with a ratio of layer thicknesses (2-2.5) :( 10-12): (8-10): (2-4): (2-4): 1, respectively [Patent for invention RU No. 2184596].

Cartridges are also known where, in addition to the fibrous filter material, a sorption material is used — a nonwoven fabric made of various polymeric materials.

In particular, cartridges for cleaning liquids are known, containing a perforated frame and a sorption-filtering material formed around it, comprising at least two layers of protective material and a multilayer sorption material placed between them, the plurality of layers of which is ensured by winding in the form of a roll of at least at least one layer of web or tape around the perforated frame, connected by end parts, further comprises a cup mounted inside and on the same axis as the perforated frame m, as well as a load of a sorbent of heavy metals, placed inside the glass, while non-woven polymer fibrous material modified with particles of aluminum oxide hydrate is used as a sorption material, a synthetic non-woven material, for example polypropylene, polyamide, polyethylene, with a size of then 1-100 microns, mainly 1-50 microns, the frame is made predominantly cylindrical of polymeric materials, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, ABS plastic and other thermoplastics food brands, and the perforation area of the frame is 30-60%. predominantly, 35-50% [Patents for utility models RU No. 87365, 84252, 83940].

Known cartridges for cleaning liquids, containing a coaxially mounted glass with loading from a sorbent of heavy metals, a perforated frame made of polyethylene, polyamide, polypropylene or other food grade thermoplastics, sorption-filtering material comprising at least two layers of protective material and placed between them a multilayer sorption material made of synthetic non-woven material (polyethylene, polyamide, or polypropylene), and a supporting element connected by end parts s, wherein the supporting member is configured as an elastic tubular knitted plush weave or thread of coal pretreated with 3% aqueous dispersion of nanoparticles and a mixture of Ag ⁺ Cu ²⁺ or inextensible yarn, pretreated 5% aqueous dispersion of the mixture of nanoparticles and Ag ⁺ Cu ²⁺ or layers of protective material are made in the form of elastic tubular knitwear by weaving tubular surface from simultaneously knitted carbon and elastomeric yarns [Utility Model Patents RU No. 155030, 155031, 162259, 162260, 171023, 171495].

Known cartridges with filter layers of fibrous materials have one unchanging advantage - a high service life. At the same time, the quality of water purification from mechanical impurities is insufficient, because the loose structure of the filter layer does not allow the capture of fine mechanical impurities. Giving additional sorption properties by forming sorption layers is aimed at chemical, bactericidal treatment of water. Sorption layers do not contribute to the capture of finely dispersed solids and reduce the life of the cartridge as a whole.

A known filter cartridge for water, containing a rigid perforated cylinder with a polymer bundle wound around it, forming a filter volume after winding, winding the bundle is made with layers of variable density, decreasing from the first inner layers to the last outer ones and at an angle of 5 ... 40 ° to the vertical axis of the perforated cylinder, and on the outer surface of the cartridge, the bundle is wound in one direction along a helical line with an elevation angle of 40 ... 60 °, forming with the inner cylindrical walls of the housing and the last layer of the wound bundle cial groove directed in the direction of sediment contamination reset [utility model patent RU № 100428.

The known cartridge has a sufficiently high service life, but has insufficient quality of water purification, because a spiral-shaped winding with a variable density of a polymer tow allows to capture particles of a smaller size than a winding with a uniform density. However, winding with variable density reduces the life of the cartridge and is technologically time-consuming operation.

Closest to the proposed is a filter element for treating drinking water, which is made in the form of a cylinder of foamed polypropylene, inside which there is a cylinder of smaller diameter, but of greater density, between which filter material is laid. The filter layers are formed by a layer of the first cylinder made of polypropylene foam, then a layer of filter material, for example a mixture of MION-K53 with activated carbon, or ion exchange resin, or activated carbon or other filter material, and then again with a layer of foam material of higher density polypropylene. [Utility Model Patent RU No. 156136]. The specified filter element is selected as a prototype.

In contrast to the above cartridges, the filter element of the prototype does not have a perforated sleeve, because the inner layer of high-density foamed polypropylene serves as a frame, and the pores of the inner layer serve as perforations. Foamed polypropylene filter layers provide high-quality liquid purification by trapping finely dispersed solids. At the same time, the filtering speed and service life of the cartridge according to the prototype are low, because the outer layer that interacts with the liquid being cleaned primarily and made of lower density foamed polypropylene is quickly clogged by mechanical impurities, which reduces its service life.

The technical problem is the lack of replaceable filter elements for cleaning liquids, which are technologically simple to manufacture, do not require the use of special sorption materials, but have a high service life and provide high quality cleaning liquids from mechanical impurities.

The technical result is the expansion of the range of filter elements for cleaning liquids with a high service life and providing high quality cleaning liquids, preferably water.

An additional technical result is the simplification of the process of manufacturing cartridges and the exclusion of special materials to create sorption layers.

The claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that the claimed cartridge for filtering liquids containing a cylindrical frame, forming an internal filtering volume, characterized in that it contains an external filtering volume, which is formed by multilayer winding on the inner filtering volume of the threads, which are made of thermoplastic polymer, the body of the outer the filter volume is formed by layered oblique laying of threads, in which adjacent layers have the opposite laying direction, and the inner filter The volume serves as a frame and is formed by layering of a non-woven thermally welded web made of thermoplastic polymer fibers.

To form an external filtering volume, a polypropylene yarn, for example, a synthetic pneumotextured multifilament yarn, which is produced on an industrial scale under the brand name 350 TEKS according to TU2272-008-57560032-2012, having a loop pile, is preferably used. As a thermoplastic polymer for the manufacture of yarns, polyamide and other suitable known polymers can be used. Layered oblique laying of threads is preferably carried out at an angle of about 45 °, adjacent layers are laid in opposite directions, forming a crosswise winding.

As a material for the manufacture of the internal filtering volume, a non-woven thermally brazed fabric is used mainly from polypropylene fibers, which is produced on an industrial scale by an extrusion method, for example, according to TU2291-001-65751622-2012 "Filter elements from polypropylene". As a thermoplastic polymer for the manufacture of a nonwoven thermally welded web, polyamide and other suitable known polymers can be used. To achieve an additional technical result associated with a maximum increase in the efficiency of liquid purification and maximum indicators of a service life, it is most preferable to provide a ratio of the thickness of the internal filter volume and the thickness of the external filter volume 1/3: 2/3, respectively. With an increase in the thickness of the internal filtering volume, the quality of liquid cleaning increases, but the service life of the cartridge decreases. When reducing the thickness of the internal filtering volume less than 30% of the thickness of the cartridge decreases the strength of the frame.

The inventive cartridge provides step filtration. At the first stage, the cleaning is carried out by means of an external filtering volume, which primarily interacts with the medium being cleaned and provides rough cleaning of large particles, trapping them and trapping the filtering layers in the body. The oblique layered winding of threads provides high quality and speed of cleaning in the first stage, as well as a high cartridge life. At the second stage, the liquid to be cleaned passes through the body of the internal filtering volume formed by layers of a non-woven thermally brazed cloth of fibers, mainly polypropylene, having through pores, which provide fine cleaning of the liquid from fine mechanical impurities.

Comparison of the claimed device with the prototype allows us to draw the following conclusions.

The inventive device is new, because characterized by the following distinctive essential features:

- made of two filter volumes containing an external filter volume and an internal filter volume, while the latter serves as a frame;

- the external filter volume is formed by winding threads on the internal filter volume;

- the internal filtering volume is formed by layer-by-layer laying of a non-woven thermally brazed web of thermoplastic polymer fibers;

- threads of the external filtering volume are made of fibers of a thermoplastic polymer;

- the body of the external filtering volume is formed by a layered oblique laying of threads, in which adjacent layers have the opposite direction of laying of threads.

The inventive device can be made of known materials by known methods, provides the possibility of mechanical cleaning of liquids from large and small particles of contaminants.

This allows us to conclude that the criterion is “industrial applicability”.

The inventive device is illustrated by the following drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the inventive cartridge;

In FIG. 2- the same in longitudinal section.

The inventive device consists of an internal filtering volume 1 having the form of a hollow cylinder, the walls of which are formed by layer-by-layer laying of a non-woven thermally soldered web of fibers primarily of polypropylene and acting as a frame. An external filtering volume 2 is layered on the outer generatrix of the filter volume 1, which is formed by a layer oblique winding of a pneumotextured multifilament polypropylene yarn with a loop pile, while adjacent layers have the opposite direction of thread placement. The thickness of the internal volume is preferably 30% of the thickness of the cartridge.

The inventive device is made by melting granules of polypropylene to a fluid state, followed by the supply of melt under pressure in the die, arranged horizontally in a row. At the exit of the dies, the polypropylene melt is drawn under the action of hot air into the fibers, forming a web that is wound on a shaft rotating in front of the matrix. Thus, many layers of polypropylene fiber, soldered together during cooling, form a frame in the form of a hollow cylinder, the walls of which are formed by layering of a non-woven thermally soldered polypropylene fabric, forming an internal filtering volume 1. The pore size of the internal filtering volume can be controlled by the size of the openings of the dies and the packing density layers of fabric on top of each other. A pneumotextured polypropylene multifilament yarn of polypropylene is laid in layers at an angle of about 45 ° on the resulting preform, forming an external filtering volume 2. The direction of laying of the filament layers in adjacent layers is opposite. The number of thread layers is selected from a given cartridge diameter and the thickness of the inner filter layer 1. The thread tension affects the number of layers to be laid. Depending on the specified degree of primary cleaning from mechanical impurities, the horizontal density of the yarn is selected. The parameters of layer-by-layer laying of threads is regulated by the ratio of the rotational speed of the shaft with the workpiece and the speed of the runner (thread guide).

To study the degree of purification and the service life of the inventive cartridge in comparison with control samples, under identical conditions, test samples were made, presented in table 1 (diameter 63 mm) and table 2 (diameter 110 mm), where pp are cartridges with one filter volume made from layer-by-layer laying of a non-woven thermally welded web of polypropylene fibers (control ones with inner diameters of 10, 20 and 40 mm, various lengths - 254, 508, 1016 mm); ps - cartridges with one filtering volume made of layered oblique laying of a pneumotextured multifilament polypropylene filament on a perforated sleeve (control ones with inner diameters of 10, 20 and 40 mm, various lengths of 254, 508, 1016 mm), pps - claimed cartridge with inner diameters 10, 20 and 40 mm, various lengths 254, 508, 1016 mm. As the object of study - tap water. Measurements of the quality of cleaning were carried out by the residual amount of mechanical impurities with a size of 0.5; one; 5; 10; 20 and 50 microns. The service life of the cartridges is determined by the amount of water passed through the filter elements until the pressure difference is reached before entering the cartridge and after it, which impedes the normal operation of the filter, measured by the generally accepted method.

As experimental data show, in comparison with the control samples, the inventive cartridge has an improved quality of cleaning from mechanical impurities in a wide range of sizes from 1 to 50 microns and an increased service life due to the two-layer design of the cartridge with filter layers according to the claimed utility model. Moreover, in some cases, the service life of the claimed cartridge exceeds the service life of cartridges made only of a filtering layer on a perforated sleeve (control samples).

Claims (5)

1. Cartridge for filtering liquids, containing a cylindrical frame, forming an internal filtering volume, characterized in that it contains an external filtering volume, which is formed by multilayer winding on the inner filtering volume of threads made of thermoplastic polymer, the body of the outer filtering volume is formed by layered oblique threading in which adjacent layers have the opposite laying direction, and the internal filtering volume acts as a frame and is formed by layer-by-layer laying of non-woven fabrics o thermally brazed web made of thermoplastic polymer fibers. 2. The cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermoplastic polymer filaments for forming an external filtering volume are a synthetic pneumotextured multifilament polypropylene filament with a loop pile. 3. The cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the threads of the external filtering volume form a crosswise winding, preferably at an angle of 45 °. 4. The cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-woven thermally brazed fabric is made of polypropylene fibers. 5. The cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the thickness of the internal filtering volume and the thickness of the external filtering volume is 1/3: 2/3, respectively.

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