RU1768220C - Device for collecting and treating oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to oil production, in particular to devices for separating oil from its components in well production, and can be used in the oil industry in oil gathering and treatment systems in oil fields. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device. The installation comprises a reservoir, in the lower part of which there is a hydrocyclone separator made in the form of a shell, with a tangential inlet pipe, over which an inverted cylindrical cup is installed. The separator is equipped with a gas pipe with openings made in it, at least one of which is located inside the glass, and the other is near the bottom of the tank, a float is located inside the pipe. The installation is equipped with a cone-shaped funnel mounted on a gas pipe coaxially with the shell, the lower part of which is placed in the cavity of the funnel. In the lower part of the funnel, a tangential branch pipe for the suspension outlet, the axis of which is located in the plane tangent to the circumference of the section of the funnel, is installed on the outside. 2 ill. SB with

Description

The invention relates to devices for separating oil from its components in well production and can be used in the oil industry in oil gathering and treatment systems in the fields, and is an improvement on the known device.

An object of the additional invention is to increase the reliability of the device by localizing the place of sand deposition and its continuous removal from the system.

Figure 1 schematically shows a cross section of the installation; figure 2 is a section aa of figure 1.

The installation consists of tank 1 (shown on a smaller scale than the rest

parts), a hydrocyclone separator made in the form of a vertically arranged shell 2 whose lower end is located in a cone-shaped funnel 3 and an inverted cylindrical cup 4. The apparatus also contains a gas exhaust pipe 5 on which a shell 2 is installed, in the upper part of which there are radial rods b by means of which the shell 2 is attached to the gas pipe 5 and on which the shell 2 is attached to the gas pipe 5 and on which elastic plates 7 capable of oscillating are cantilevered vertically downwards under the action of the borehole fluid. Openings 8 and 9 are made in the gas exhaust pipe 5, and a variable is mounted on its upper part

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hydraulic resistance, including the gas valve body 10. In the gas valve body 10 there is a blind partition with a seat 11. At the bottom of the valve body 10 is a guide sleeve 12 for the rod 13, to which in the middle part the plate 14c is attached with a gasket made of rubber-resistant rubber, and in the upper part there is a pin that penetrates it in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and interacts with the eyes of two levers on hinges with counterweights 15, which, when adjusted, can be moved along the levers and fixed on them ntom. A flexible rod (cable) 16 with a float 17 is fastened to the lower part of the rod 12. At the top of the housing 10 there is a cavity connected to the pipe 18 and separated from the lower part by the flame arrester 19.

The gas-liquid mixture (borehole fluid) enters the installation through the pipe 20, which enters the shell 2 tangentially. The input end of the pipe 20 is located above its output ring. The prepared oil leaves through the transfer pipe 21, and the suspension leaves through the pipe 22, which is tangentially connected to the bottom of the cone-shaped funnel 3 in the same direction as in the separator.

The symmetrical funnel 3 acts as the lower conical part of the hydrocyclone in which the classification of the solid phase of the liquid takes place. As a result of fluid rotation, an increase in the concentration of the solid phase and thickening of the pulp occur on the walls of the conical funnel.

In order to create an intensive rotational movement of the fluid in the conical funnel 3, the lower part of the shell 2 is lowered below the upper cut of the funnel, i.e. the liquid exiting the shell has a large tangential component of its flow acting as a hydromesh mixer. A conical funnel with a cylindrical shell is like a torn hydrocyclone. In addition, the immersion of the shell in the funnel prevents the removal of sand into the space of the tank, bypassing the volume of the funnel.

Installation works as follows.

The oil-gas mixture with mechanical impurities enters through the nozzle 20 into the shell 2, the tangential location of the nozzle 20 provides rotational movement of the fluid relative to the vertical axis, and the inclination of the nozzle contributes to the forward downward movement due to the kinematic energy of the flow. AT

The resulting downward vortex separates oil, gas, water and mechanical impurities due to the following factors: the effect of hydraulic pulsations in the area around which the fluid vibrates under the action of the flow of the plates, the mechanical contact action of the plates on corpuscular-oil conglomerates (oil with occluded gas,

0 solids and water globules with solid particles located on its surface); the action of centrifugal, inertial, and gravitational forces on each globule of oil, water, a solid particle, and a gas bubble. Under the influence of centrifugal force and mechanical impurities are thrown to the wall of the shell, and gas bubbles, on which the centrifugal force has practically no effect, occupy the central part. Going on

0 primary separation of gas and liquid with mechanical mixtures based on the principle of vortex separation. Mechanical particles under the action of centrifugal forces are pressed against the walls of the shell and slide off

5 down. Under the action of translational motion directed downward (the inlet end of the tangential nozzle is located above the outlet) the flow of a gas bubble and water-oil emulsion with solid particles

0 experience an inertial force directed against the action of the Archimedean ejection forces. In this case, gas bubbles having a density of 1000 times less than the density of oil, practically do not change

5 of its upward movement. Secondary inertial separation occurs, as it were. Together with water, solid particles, part of the oil globules possessing a large translational kinematic

0 energy reaches the lower edge of the shell 2 and enters the zone of the upper cut of the cone-shaped funnel (the lower edge of the shell 2 is lowered by 10-20% of its height into the conical funnel).

5 Under the action of the residual tangential component of the fluid flow from the shell 2, the fluid swirls in a cone-shaped funnel, which is amplified as a result of the tangential

0 connecting the outlet pipe 22 to a cone-shaped funnel. By rotating the liquid in the funnel, a further separation of the solids from the oil and prevention of their sedimentation, i.e. solids

5 together with the produced water are continuously withdrawn from the funnel 3 through the nozzle 22.

The oil to the part of the stream exiting the shell 2 and the annular space formed by its lateral surface and the upper cut of the funnel 3 floats upward. At

The movement of oil droplets and gas bubbles upward under the action of buoyant forces causes their further separation, due to the different speed of ascent (gravitational separation) in the water layer located between the shell 2 and the upper cut of the conical funnel 3. In this case, almost all gas is collected under the bottom of the cup 4 ( its diameter is larger than the diameter of the shell 2) the collected gas passes through a water trap (an oil layer of thickness A H in the cup 4) then through holes 8 and is transported through a gas pipe 5 through a valve the hole in the saddle 11 and the pipe 18 to the consumer.

In order to stabilize the gas pressure and maintain as a result a certain level of liquid in the cup 4 (hydraulic shutoff value), a direct control system is used, consisting of a float 17 interacting via a kinematic chain with a cable 16 rod 13 - levers with counterweights 15. The direct control system operates as follows way. As the amount of water supplied with oil increases, the gas content in the water-gas-oil mixture with mechanical impurities (fluid) decreases, the thickness of the water layer Hb increases and the thickness of the oil layer Hn decreases.

The water released from the apparatus is continuously discharged from the apparatus through a nozzle 22 and a special water trap (not shown) so that with a variable content of water in the fluid, the value of (HB + HH) does not change. A decrease in gas content will lead to a drop in pressure in the exhaust pipe 5, to an increase in the level of water in it, and also to an increase in the thickness of the gas seal.

An increase in the water level in the vent pipe 5 will reduce the weight of the float (the buoyant force acting on the float increases) and move it upward under the influence of the counterweights.

In this case, the balances will begin to lower until a new equilibrium condition between their strength and the weight of the float 17 is reached and the plate 14 will be lifted, which will lead to a decrease in the gap between it and the seat 11 of the valve opening 10, and, as a consequence, to an increase in the gas pressure in the gas outlet

handset 5.

In a similar manner, the gas pressure is controlled by decreasing the amount of water in the oil or increasing the gas content in the fluid. In this case, when lowering the liquid in the gas trap, the float 17 will move down, which will lead to an increase in the gap between the plate 14 and the seat 11 of the valve opening 10 and a decrease in the gas pressure in the vent pipe 5.

Thus, the gas pressure in the exhaust pipe 5 is maintained at a certain optimal level, despite the change in the amount of gas and water in the fluid.

The economic efficiency of the invention is determined by improving the quality of oil, reducing its losses from evaporation, increasing the service life of tanks without cleaning them from sand, and

creating an associated gas pressure at the outlet sufficient for its industrial use.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION No. 1717168, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, it is equipped with a cone-shaped funnel mounted on a gas outlet pipe coaxially with a shell, the lower part of which is located in the upper part of the funnel cavity, and a tangential suspension outlet pipe installed in the lower part of the funnel with an external side, while the axis of the outlet pipe of the suspension is located in the plane tangent to the circumference of the cross section of the funnel. About CN midnight Fluid t speskom Chia2