RU176557U1 - DEVICE FOR SEPARATION OF BIRD FEATHER IN FRACTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed technical solution relates to the field of mechanical processing of animal fibers, namely, equipment that combines the processes of separation of raw materials into fractions and its mechanical deformation in order to increase the filling ability of the resulting feather mass. The objective of the proposed technical solution is to increase the efficiency of the process of mechanical deformation of the rods of a feather of a bird by a corrugated roll on a flat surface to increase the filling ability of the feather mass. This is achieved by the use of a three-roll working body with different corners of the grooves. The technical result of the use of a three-roll working body in devices that deform the feather rods of a bird on a flat surface will increase the efficiency of the process of increasing the filling ability of the feather mass by eliminating the possibility of jamming from feathers on the conveyor belt, as well as reducing the influence of angular disorientation of feathers on the conveyor belt.

Description

The proposed technical solution relates to the field of mechanical processing of animal fibers, namely, equipment that combines the processes of separation of raw materials into fractions and its mechanical deformation in order to increase the filling ability of the resulting feather mass.

Known devices for separating feather fluff into fractions that additionally implement mechanical deformation of feather rods (RU 2366767, class B68G 3/08, 2009; RU 2424384, B68G 3/08, 2011). A device for modifying a pen is also known to improve its quality characteristics (RU 2346885, class B68G 3/08, 2007).

In these devices, the mechanical deformation of the feather rods is carried out by rolling between a pair of rolls or by rolling a corrugated roll on a flat surface, and promins are formed on the concave surface of the rods, which increases the filling capacity of the feather mass. Feathers are fed to the working body by a conveyor belt, while the necessary orientation of the feathers on the tape (the rod should be located perpendicular to the roll corrugations) is provided by the guide comb.

A common disadvantage of these devices is the formation of accumulations of feather mass in front of the guide comb, which disrupts the uniform course of the process of mechanical deformation of the rods and reduces its effectiveness.

In the known devices for increasing the filling ability of the feather mass (RU 2467948, class B68G 3/08, 2012; RU 2404914, B68G 3/08, 2009), the process of forming promins on the concave side of the feather rods is carried out by rolling between grooved and pressure rolls. During rolling, the feather is oriented relative to the rolls by a medium flow - gaseous or liquid. This eliminates the formation of congestion from the feather mass, but does not always ensure the orientation of the pen in the direction perpendicular to the direction of cutting the grooves of the roll, thereby reducing the efficiency of increasing the filling ability of the feather mass.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the device RU 2366767, class. B68G 3/08, 09/10/2009, combining the processes of dividing the pen into fractions and the deformation of feather rods.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to increase the efficiency of the process of mechanical deformation of the rods of a feather of a bird by a corrugated roll on a flat surface to increase the filling ability of the feather mass.

The problem is solved as follows. In a device for separating a feather of a bird into fractions, including a chamber for loading a feather with a hatch and a agitator; a pen chamber of the first fraction with a tedder equipped with a hatch for moving the pen into the discharge tray with a loosening shaft and a nozzle; a pen chamber of a second fraction with a mesh to create a laminar air flow; a vertical labyrinth formed by the ascending and descending channels of the chambers with movable partitions to control the speed of the air flow; fan; a pen rod deformation assembly, consisting of a conveyor belt, with drive and tension drums, a working body with a pressure roller and a movement mechanism; an unloading tray with a loosening shaft and a nozzle for unloading, a change was made, namely, that the working body, which is located above the conveyor belt and forms promins on the concave surface of the pen shaft, giving it an additional bend, consists of three rolls with different corners of the grooves, so that a pen randomly located on the conveyor belt is rolled at least once in a direction close to perpendicular to the direction of the grooves cutting, and the necessary pressure during rolling is both ensures, presser block of three rolls located under the conveyor belt.

The proposed technical solution avoids the formation of accumulations of feather mass on the conveyor belt, this is achieved by the use of a three-roll working body with different angles of cutting corrugations, for example - 0 °; 45 °; 135 °.

This design of the working body allows you to roll the feathers in a direction close to the perpendicular to the axis of the grooves, at least once, which ensures maximum efficiency of the deformation process. At the same time, there is no need to use a guide comb, which causes the formation of congestion from the feather mass on the conveyor belt. The possibility of using a three-roll working body was confirmed as a result of an experiment consisting in repeated rolling of a rod by a corrugated roller of the rod of the same pen.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in FIG. 1-2. The design of the device for separating the feather of a bird into fractions (see Fig. 1) includes a chamber 9 with a hatch for loading a feather of a bird 10 and a agitator 8, a camera of a pen of the first fraction with a agitator 7, equipped with a hatch 6 for moving the feather into the unloading tray 4 with a loosening shaft 5 and pipe 3; a pen chamber of the second fraction 15 with a mesh 13 for creating a laminar air flow with a fan 14, equipped with a conveyor 17 for feeding the pen to a three-roll working body 19 with a transport mechanism 18 and its transportation to the unloading tray 21 with a loosening shaft 2 and a pipe 1; a vertical labyrinth 12 formed by the ascending and descending channels of the chambers with movable partitions 11 to control the air flow rate.

The design of the assembly of the device providing the deformation of the pen rods is shown in FIG. 2. The assembly includes: a conveyor 17 formed by a conveyor belt 28, a drum 16 with a device for tensioning the tape 27 and a drive drum 20; three-roll working body, consisting of rolls 22, 23, 24 located above the tape 28 with different corners of the grooves, in general, from 0 to 180 degrees (for example, 0 °; 45 °; 135 °), restriction plates 26 and pressure block rolls 25, located under the tape 28. The corners of the grooves of the rolls of rolls are selected so that the pen arbitrarily located on the conveyor belt is rolled at least once in a direction close to perpendicular to the direction of the grooves.

To increase the number of feather fractions obtained during sorting, the loading chamber can be equipped with an unloading tray with a agitator for accumulating a large wing flap (not shown in Fig.).

A device for separating a feather of a bird into fractions is as follows. The pen through the loading hatch 10 enters the loading chamber 9, where it is loosened by the agitator 8. Under the influence of rarefaction of air created by the fan 14, the feather moves along the labyrinth 12 formed by the ascending and descending channels of the chambers. The regulation of the speed of the air flow in the maze is carried out by partitions 11. Sorting is carried out depending on the density of the pen. At the same time, large feathers accumulate in the first chamber with the agitator 7, which periodically move to the unloading tray 4 through the hatch with the leaves 6. As a large pen accumulates in the unloading tray 4, it moves through the unloading pipe 3 into the cab for packing in bags or in the feeder - the drive of the machine for processing the pen into a loop (not shown in the diagram). A full discharge of the tray is provided by the agitator 5. A feather with a lower density (medium and small feathers) moves along the corresponding channels of the labyrinth 12 from the first chamber with the agitator 7 to the second chamber 15. In this case, the feathers from the last descending channel of the labyrinth are lowered onto the belt 28 of the conveyor 17.

By virtue of their aerodynamic characteristics, the feathers, when falling on the tape 28, occupy the position of a concave surface up and forward in front. The conveyor belt 28 moves the feathers to the three-roll working body, the rolls of which have, for example, corners of the grooves: 0 °; 45 °; 135 °. In this case, a feather randomly located on the conveyor belt is rolled at least once in a direction close to perpendicular to the direction of the grooves cutting. The restriction plates 26 provide a pen point in the capture zone of the subsequent roll. The necessary load on the rod during rolling creates a block of pressure rolls 25.

After rolling, the feathers are moved to the discharge tray 21, from where, through the discharge pipe 1, they are shipped to the bagging chamber as they accumulate, in bags (not shown in the diagram). The agitator 2 contributes to the complete unloading of the tray, and the grate 13 prevents the small pen from getting into the fan 14. The moving mechanism 18 allows you to raise the working body above the belt 28 of the conveyor 17, while it is possible to separate the pen into fractions without deforming the rods.

The technical result of the use of a three-roll working body in devices that deform the feather rods of a bird on a flat surface will increase the efficiency of the process of increasing the filling ability of the feather mass by eliminating the possibility of jamming from feathers on the conveyor belt, as well as reducing the influence of angular disorientation of feathers on the conveyor belt.

Claims (2)

1. A device for separating a feather of a bird into fractions, including a chamber for loading a feather with a hatch and a agitator; a pen chamber of the first fraction with a tedder equipped with a hatch for moving the pen into the discharge tray with a loosening shaft and a nozzle; a pen chamber of a second fraction with a mesh to create a laminar air flow; a vertical labyrinth formed by the ascending and descending channels of the chambers with movable partitions to control the speed of the air flow; fan; a pen rod deformation assembly, consisting of a conveyor belt, with drive and tension drums, a working body with a pressure roller and a movement mechanism; an unloading tray with a loosening shaft and a nozzle for unloading, characterized in that the working body, which is located above the conveyor belt and forms promins on the concave surface of the shaft of the pen, giving it an additional bend, consists of three rolls with different corners of the grooves cutting, so that arbitrarily located on the conveyor belt, the pen was rolled, at least once, in a direction close to perpendicular to the direction of cutting the riffles, and the necessary pressure during rolling during rolling provides a pressure unit of three rolls located under the conveyor belt. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the loading chamber is equipped with an unloading tray with a agitator for the accumulation of a large wing flap.

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