RU176016U1 - ANTENNA SYSTEM OF A SATELLITE COMMUNICATION PORTABLE STATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to radio communications technology and can be used as an antenna system for portable satellite subscriber stations. The antenna contains a reflector, an irradiator, an antenna-waveguide path and a slewing ring. In this case, the reflector is made collapsible with a diameter consisting of six interchangeable segments (petals) of the same size. Moreover, the reflector is made using composite materials based on carbon fiber, and a low-noise amplifier, a low-pass filter, and a power amplifier are introduced into the antenna-waveguide path. The irradiator has a flange, into the slot of which segments (petals) of the reflector are inserted and fastened with hinged clamps with retaining screws during assembly of the reflector. A low-noise amplifier with a low-pass filter and a power amplifier are attached to the rear flange of the irradiator. The technical result consists in the possibility of quick assembly and disassembly, and pointing to the repeater of the spacecraft. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to radio communications technology and can be used as an antenna system for portable satellite subscriber stations.

To provide satellite communications (SS) in different wavelengths, the composition of earth stations in the SS uses antenna systems that differ in the design of the reflector, irradiator and antenna pointing system to the spacecraft (SC) [1,2].

Known antenna systems of earth stations in satellite communications, the design of which is given in [1]. A general view of several antenna systems is shown in Fig. 14.6-14.8.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed utility model is the antenna system of earth stations, shown in Fig. 14.7 [1]. It consists of a mirror with an irradiating system, an antenna-waveguide tract (AVT), a rotary support device (OPU) with an electric power drive, guidance and auto tracking equipment.

The main disadvantage of the known antenna system of earth stations shown in Fig. 14.7, its equipment is cumbersome, which does not allow the use of such antennas in mobile objects and at remote workplaces of officials, for which it is necessary to ensure reliable communication via satellite communication channels with subscribers located at a considerable distance from each other.

The purpose of the utility model is to create for a portable satellite communications station a small-sized antenna system of a collapsible design with the ability to quickly assemble and disassemble and aim at the repeater of the spacecraft.

The essence of the utility model is that in the antenna system of a portable satellite communication station containing a reflector, an irradiator, an antenna-waveguide path and a rotary support device, the reflector is collapsible with a diameter of 600 mm, consisting of six interchangeable segments (petals) of the same size, moreover, the reflector is made using composite materials based on carbon fiber, and a low-noise amplifier, a filter are additionally introduced into the antenna-waveguide path to reduce losses of the received signal low frequency and power amplifier, while the segments of the reflector are 314 mm in the upper circumference and 44 mm in the lower part, the irradiator has a flange, into the slot of which the segments (petals) of the reflector are inserted and fastened with hinged clamps with retaining screws during assembly reflector, a low-noise amplifier with a low-pass filter and a power amplifier are attached to the flange of the irradiator on the back side, to preserve electrical parameters, the low-noise amplifier has a rigid mount with a low-pass filter , in the lower part of the antenna system are located the slewing ring device, the on-board receiver of the beacon and the connector for connecting the cable from the hardware module of the portable satellite communications station.

Comparison of the utility model with the prototype shows that the proposed antenna system of a portable satellite communications station differs from the prototype in a number of features, including a collapsible reflector consisting of six segments (petals) of the same size, fastened together in arbitrary order using clamps with holding screws , the introduction of a low-noise amplifier, a low-pass filter and a power amplifier into the antenna-waveguide path, which improves the technical and operational teristics of the antenna system, simplifies and enables the rapid assembly and disassembly of the antenna system, its compact stowage and transportation of staff forces.

Thus, the proposed utility model has a new set of features that meets the criterion of "novelty" and practical value.

The proposed antenna system is made of standard elements that are commercially available by industry, and does not require additional technical creativity to reproduce it, which is especially important in serial production. Therefore, the proposed utility model meets the criterion of industrial applicability.

In FIG. 1 shows the design of the antenna system, and in FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the fastening of components of an antenna system.

The proposed antenna system (see Fig. 1) of a portable satellite communications station contains:

1 - collapsible reflector with a diameter of 600 mm;

2 - segments (petals) of the reflector of the same size;

3 - irradiator;

4 - irradiator flange;

5 - slots of the irradiator flange;

6 - antenna waveguide path, including:

7 - low noise amplifier (LNA),

8 - low-pass filter,

9 - power amplifier (PA),

10 - rotary support device (OPU);

11 - an onboard receiver of a beacon;

12 - hinged clamps (six) with retaining screws for fastening together reflector segments;

13 - connector for connecting a cable from the hardware module of a portable satellite communications station.

In the drawing (Fig. 2) is indicated:

2 - segments (petals) of the reflector;

3 - irradiator;

5 - slots of the irradiator flange;

7 - low noise amplifier;

8 - low-pass filter;

9 - power amplifier;

10 - slewing ring;

11 - an onboard receiver of a beacon;

12 - hinged clamps with retaining screws for fastening together segments of the reflector;

13 - a connector for connecting a cable from a hardware module of a portable satellite communications station;

14 - a union nut;

15 - latch;

16 - fixing screw.

Reflector 1 is the main part of the antenna system and is a single-mirror design with a mirror diameter of 600 mm. Structurally, it is made collapsible, consisting of six interchangeable segments (petals 2) of the same size. Since the circumferential reflector has a size of 2πR = 2 × 3.14 × 300 mm = 6.28 × 300 = 1884 mm, each of the six segments 2 has a size of 314 mm in the upper part and approximately 44 mm in the lower part. This design of the reflector contributes to quick disassembly and assembly, as well as the possibility of laying the reflector 1 in a package for carrying the antenna system of a portable satellite communications station.

The reflector 1 of the proposed utility model refers to the parabolic type of mirror antennas. However, in it, while maintaining a parabolic shape, only a segment (notch) of the paraboloid is used. With this design, the advantages of mirror antennas are preserved, and the darkening of the surface of the antenna mirror is additionally eliminated, which contributes to an increase in the surface utilization coefficient (IQF) of the reflector and an improvement in polarization characteristics. This increases the instrumentation to 0.75. Segments (petals) 2 of the reflector 1 are fastened together using six hinged clamps 12 with retaining screws.

The irradiator 3 has a flange 4 with six slots 5, into which segments 2 of the collapsible reflector 1 are inserted. An antenna-waveguide path 6 is attached to the flange 4 of the irradiator 3, including a low-noise amplifier 7 with a low-pass filter 8 and a power amplifier 9.

Antenna-waveguide path (ABT) 6 is an intermediate link between the transmitting device of a portable satellite communications station and the antenna (during transmission) and between the antenna and the receiving device (during reception). In modern earth-based satellite communications stations, two types of AWT are used: waveguide and beam. The advantage of the path of the waveguide type, which is used in the proposed antenna system, is the simplicity of technical implementation and low cost. Such a path provides quite acceptable performance in the frequency ranges up to 6 GHz. It may include a sealing section, a circular waveguide, a polarization unit that converts one type of polarization into another, a sealing insert and a barrier filter.

The design of the low-noise amplifier 7 allows it to work outdoors in the presence of precipitation. Electrical parameters of LNA 7: operating frequency range 3400 ... 3900 MHz, standing wave coefficient KSV = 1.35; noise temperature T _W = 50 K.

The low-pass filter 8 functions as a duplexer. It separates the signals of the receiving and transmitting high-frequency paths coming from the antenna and transmitted to the antenna.

Power amplifier 9 is designed to amplify signals in the frequency range from 5725 to 6225 MHz. The amplifier has three amplification stages, a notch filter to suppress noise in the frequency range of the reception, a power sensor and decoupling ferrite gate and circulator. The output power in saturation mode is at least 12 watts, and the gain is in the range of 41 dB. The efficiency of the power amplifier is provided at a level of at least 22%. Signal suppression in the reception range is at least 45 dB.

The power amplifier 9 is turned on / off and the output power control signal is removed remotely from the output of the satellite communications station hardware module.

The rotary support device 10 is designed to align the antenna system of a satellite communications station in the direction of a spacecraft in geostationary orbit (GSO). In this antenna system, the slewing ring is four-wheel drive. Four-wheel drive slewing ring is designed to work with satellites in geostationary orbit (GSO), the instability of which in orbit usually does not exceed ± 0.1 degrees.

The on-board receiver 11 of the beacon serves as the equipment for pointing the earth station's antenna system to the satellite, which operates on a special guidance signal (beacon signal). The composition of the antenna pointing equipment of the satellite earth station usually includes:

beacon down converter;

a beacon receiver.

The antenna system of a portable satellite communication station provides communication without manual search and adjustment, ensuring simultaneous or sequential reception and transmission in the following frequency ranges: for reception - 3400-3900 MHz and for transmission - 5725-6225 MHz.

The gain of the antenna system of the station with a collapsible reflector with a diameter of 600 mm is at least 24 dB for reception and at least 26 dB for transmission. The noise temperature of the antenna at an elevation angle of 7 ° is not more than 68 ° K.

The antenna module provides simultaneous reception of right-handed polarized signals and transmission of left-handed polarized signals. Coefficient of ellipticity Ke ≥ 0.8. There is the possibility of reversing the polarization by replacing the irradiator.

The design of the antenna system allows manual antenna pointing at the geostationary repeater (RTR) in azimuth within ± 30 degrees and elevation in the range from 0 degrees to 75 degrees.

The antenna system of the portable station provides stable operation at wind speeds up to 20 m / s and does not collapse at wind speeds up to 30 m / s.

Dismantling and assembling the antenna system is as follows.

When disassembling the antenna system from the operating state, first you need to unscrew the retaining nut on the flange 4, then unscrew the six retaining screws on the hinged clamps 12 at the edges of the segments 2 of the reflector 1 and remove the segments 2 from the grooves (slots) of the irradiator flange. Next, put the segments 2 of the reflector in a special compartment of the backpack to carry the satellite communications station. Unscrew the fixing screw 16 fixing the pivoting device 10 on the container lid, remove it and put it in the groove for it on the container cover of the satellite communications station.

The coagulation and preparation time of the station’s antenna system for transportation does not exceed 2 minutes.

Assembling the antenna system of a portable satellite communications station to bring it into working condition is as follows. To do this, it is necessary to fix the rotary support device 10 with the union nut 14 on the mating threaded flange 5 mounted on the container so that the slot for installing the antenna module is located vertically. Remove segments 2 of the reflector from the backpack and install in the slot of the flange, having previously unscrewed the fixing screw 16. Connect the clamps 12 located on the edge of the reflector (six pieces) and tighten the fixing screw 16. Install the antenna module into the slot of the slewing-rotary device 10, tighten the fixing screw 16 and the latch 15. Connect the connecting cable to the connector 13 of the antenna module and connect it to the hardware module of the portable satellite communications station.

The technical effect of the proposed utility model is to create a small-sized antenna system for a portable satellite communications station having a collapsible design with the ability to quickly assemble and disassemble the antenna system, point it at the repeater of the spacecraft, with improved technical and operational characteristics of the antenna system, as well as to enable transportation of the antenna system by staff.

Tests of the manufactured prototypes of the antenna system of a portable satellite communications station showed that it provides quick assembly and disassembly in the field, reliable operation at an ambient temperature of operating temperatures from minus 40 to plus 40 ° C and maintains operability after exposure to an extremely low ambient temperature of minus 50 ° C and a maximum elevated ambient temperature of 65 ° C, when exposed to atmospheric condensed precipitation in the form of frost, dew and rain.

Information sources.

1. Satellite Communications and Broadcasting: A Guide. - 3rd ed., Revised. and add. / V.A. Bartenev, G.V. Bolotov, V.L. Bulls and others; Ed. L.Ya. Cantor. - M.: Radio and Communications, 1997, p. 397-413 (prototype).

2. Frolov O.P. Antennas for satellite earth stations. - M .: Radio and communications, 2000.

Claims (1)

Antenna system of a portable satellite communications station comprising a reflector, an irradiator, an antenna-waveguide path and a rotary support device, characterized in that the reflector is collapsible with a diameter of 600 mm, consisting of six interchangeable segments (petals) of the same size, the reflector being made using composite materials based on carbon fiber, while the segments of the reflector are 314 mm in the upper circumference and 44 mm in the lower part, the irradiator has a flange into which the slot is inserted segments (petals) of the reflector and fastened with hinged clamps with retaining screws when assembling the reflector, a low-noise amplifier with a low-pass filter and a power amplifier are attached to the back of the irradiator flange, a rotary support device, an on-board receiver of the beacon and a connector for connecting a cable from a hardware module of a portable satellite communications station.

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