RU175193U1 - Cyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical air purification devices and can be used in industry and transport. The cyclone contains a housing (1) of a substantially cylindrical shape with through-holes (4) made in the outlet (1b) of the housing (1), a swirl (2) installed in the inlet (1a) of the housing (1), and a nozzle (3 ) for outputting a stream of purified air, having the form of a substantially truncated cone and installed inside the output part (1b) of the housing (1) coaxially with it with the formation of channels (5) for outputting a stream of polluted air. The pipe (3) has a base (3a), mating with the outer conical surface (3b) of the pipe through a rounded section (3c) with the formation of rotation of the rear surface of the channels (5) of the outflow of contaminated air in the outer direction. The technical result is an increase in the air velocity through the cyclone and, as a result, an increase in the cyclone productivity and an increase in the degree of air purification from particles. 11 s.p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The invention relates to mechanical air purification devices and can be used in industry and transport.

From the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2179072 (published 10.02.2002; IPC B04C 3/00, B04C 3/04) there is known a direct-flow cyclone containing a cylindrical body and a pipe for removing purified air, made in the form of a truncated cone and mounted coaxially inside the cylindrical body with a gap, moreover, with its large base, it is fixed on the base of the housing. In the side wall of the cylindrical body, at least four through windows are made uniformly over the circumference of the base. At the other end of the cylindrical body, a removable connecting flange is installed with swirl blades rigidly fixed to it at one end thereof, made in the form of a truncated cone. From their other end, the blades in an amount of from three to eight pieces are rigidly fixed to the washer.

This direct-flow cyclone is selected as the closest analogue of this utility model.

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is the increased resistance to the flow of contaminated air, for example, air flow with dust particles, which is associated with structural features of the rear of the known direct-flow cyclone, responsible for the removal of the air stream containing small particles.

The objective of the utility model is to eliminate the drawback of the closest analogue and increase the efficiency of air purification.

The technical result achieved by the utility model is to increase the speed of movement of polluted air through the cyclone and, as a result, increase the performance of the cyclone and increase the degree of purification of air from particles.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved in a cyclone containing a housing of essentially cylindrical shape with through-holes made in the outlet of the housing, a swirler installed in the inlet of the housing, and a pipe for outputting a stream of purified air having the shape of a truncated cone and installed inside the output part of the housing coaxially with the formation of channels for the output of a stream of contaminated air, while the nozzle has a base mating with the outer conical surface of the nozzle through rounded portion to form the back surface rotation channels contaminated air stream output in an outward direction.

The specified technical result is also achieved in private options for implementing the utility model due to the fact that:

- the rounded portion has a radius (R1) of 2b to 5b, where b is the thickness of the casing wall;

- the trailing edges of the through windows are rounded inward;

- the rounding of the edges of the through windows is made with a radius (R2) equal to the thickness of the body jumpers in the window area;

- the cyclone is equipped with a mounting flange located on the output of the housing;

- the mounting flange is removable;

- the mounting flange is part of the housing;

- the swirl has blades made curved along the length of the form;

- the blades are installed convex side out;

- the blades are rounded;

- two jumpers of through windows are made in the case;

- three jumpers of through windows are made in the case.

When using the technical solution according to the well-known analogue, in which the lower surface of the exhaust channel is made even and essentially perpendicular to the nozzle, undesirable flow swirls appear in the lower part of the nozzle, as well as along the rectangular lateral edges of the exit windows for the polluted air, which reduce its speed. This is especially true at the high flow rate necessary to ensure the required cyclone performance, since the width of the exhaust channel is quite narrow, and any disturbances introduced into the stream significantly reduce its speed.

To eliminate the described drawback in the claimed utility model, it is proposed to perform the lower surface of the exhaust channel with smooth rounding to the outside, which allows to increase the flow rate by eliminating these unwanted vortices.

Further, the utility model is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures.

In FIG. 1 shows a cyclone partially in section.

In FIG. 2 shows a general view of a cyclone in a variant with rounded vanes.

In FIG. 3 shows a top view of a cyclone.

In FIG. 4 shows a sectional top view of a cyclone (section AA, FIG. 1).

The claimed cyclone includes a housing (1), a swirl (2) and a pipe (3). The housing is made essentially cylindrical in shape and has an inlet (in Fig. 1, 2 - upper) part (1a) into which the initial air flow is supplied, and an outlet (in Fig. 1, 2 - lower) part (1b) through which flows of purified and polluted air come out. Through-holes (4) are made in the outlet part (1b) of the housing, the number of which is preferably two or three.

The swirl (2) is installed on the inlet part (1a) of the housing (1) and is designed to swirl the flow of source air. The swirl (2) has blades (2a), which can have a trapezoidal shape (Fig. 1) or a rounded shape (Fig. 2), which allows to increase the stiffness. In addition, it is preferable that the blades (8) are made curved in length, as shown in FIG. 3. In this case, it is advisable to position the curved blades (2a) with their convex side outward. These design options for the blades (2A) contribute to increasing their rigidity, which reduces their vibration during the passage of the air flow, therefore, to maintain the speed of the passing stream.

The pipe (3) is designed to output a stream of purified air and is made essentially in the form of a truncated cone. The pipe (3) is installed in the output part (1b) of the housing (1) coaxially to it. The gap between the outer surface of the pipe (3) and the inner surface of the housing (1) with the edges of the through windows (4) forms channels (5) for the output of the polluted air stream.

In this case, the pipe (3) has a wide base (3a), conjugated with a conical surface (3b) through a rounded section (3c), which forms a smooth rotation of the channels (5) in the outward direction. This surface shape allows to eliminate or at least reduce the turbulence of the flow of polluted air that passes through the channel (5). The occurrence of vortices leads to a decrease in the speed of the specified flow, which negatively affects the flow rate of purified air, but more importantly, the efficiency of air purification by the cyclone, reducing it. An increase in the flow velocity through the cyclone, which could compensate for the decrease in efficiency, only increases undesirable turbulence. On the other hand, performing a smooth rounding (3c) to the outside allows not only to keep the flow rate containing particles, but also to use higher flow rates, thereby increasing the efficiency of air purification.

The most preferred rounding radius (R1) of the portion (3c) is from 2b to 5b, where b is the wall thickness of the housing.

To increase the flow rate and, consequently, the cleaning efficiency, the rear (in the direction of the flow direction) rear edges (4a) of the through windows located further from the outlet of the housing (1) are made with fillets of radius (R2), preferably equal to the thickness of the body jumpers in the window area .

An installation flange (6), which is either an independent part or a part of the housing (1), can be additionally placed on the output part of the housing (1). In any of the flange versions (6), its presence allows for the most optimal placement of the cyclone in the holes of various diameters and shapes, for example, the openings of a multicyclone air flow purification device (a variant of such a device is described in RF patent No. 2179072) without significantly reducing the flow rate of purified air.

The claimed cyclone works as follows.

The flow of source air enters the cyclone through a swirl (2), the blades (2a) of which swirl the air, giving it a spiral direction of motion. Under the action of centrifugal forces, particles in the air, especially light ones, when passing inside the cyclone body (1) move to its inner walls. The higher the speed of the air flow, the greater the number of heavy particles moves to the inner walls of the housing (1), therefore it is important to create such conditions for the flow to move along its entire path in the cyclone, which would not lead to a decrease in its speed or this decrease was minimal.

In the outlet (lower) part of the pipe (3), the air stream is physically divided into two streams. The first stream, the stream of purified air, passes directly through the pipe (3) going out of the housing (1) or through the flange (6), if provided.

The second stream, a stream of polluted air (containing particles), passes between the upper part of the nozzle (3) and the edges of the through windows (4) of the housing (1), i.e. moves along the channels (5) of the outlet, and then leaves the housing (1) through the specified through windows (4). Since the velocity of the stream containing particles is high, it in its movement at least partially reaches the rear surface of the exhaust channel formed by the outer surface of the pipe (3). Since the indicated surface is rounded outward, and the trailing edges (4a) of the windows (4) are rounded inward, the distance between the side edges of the through windows (4) can be expanded by making two or three body jumpers. The interaction with them of a stream containing particles, practically does not cause disturbances of the specified stream, and therefore does not affect its speed, which was observed under certain operating conditions of the prototype cyclone according to RF patent No. 2179072.

Thus, the cyclone according to the present utility model allows to increase the speed of air flow through it, which increases the cyclone productivity and the degree of air purification from particles.

Claims (12)

1. A cyclone containing a housing (1) of a cylindrical shape with through holes (4) made in the output (1b) of the housing (1), a swirl (2) installed in the input part (1a) of the housing (1), and a pipe ( 3) to output a stream of purified air, having the shape of a truncated cone and installed inside the output part (1b) of the housing (1) coaxially with it to form channels (5) for outputting a stream of polluted air, characterized in that the pipe (3) has a base (3a ), conjugated with the outer conical surface (3b) of the pipe through a rounded section (3c) with about azovaniem back surface rotation channels (5) contaminated air stream output in an outward direction. 2. A cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that the rounded portion (3c) has a radius (R1) of 2b to 5b, where b is the thickness of the body wall (1). 3. A cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that the trailing edges (4a) of the through windows (4) are rounded inward. 4. A cyclone according to claim 3, characterized in that the rounding of the trailing edges (4a) of the through windows is made with a radius (R2) equal to the thickness of the body jumpers in the zone of the through windows (4). 5. The cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a mounting flange (6) located on the output part (1b) of the housing. 6. Cyclone according to claim 5, characterized in that the mounting flange (6) is removable. 7. Cyclone according to claim 5, characterized in that the mounting flange (6) is part of the housing. 8. A cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that the swirler (2) has blades (2a) made of a curved length along the mold. 9. The cyclone according to claim 8, characterized in that the blades (2a) are installed with the convex side outward. 10. A cyclone according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the blades (2a) are rounded. 11. The cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that two jumpers of through windows (4) are made in the housing. 12. The cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that in the housing there are three jumpers of through windows (4).

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