RU174685U1 - Installation for converting fluid energy into mechanical energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to energy, and more specifically to hydraulic machines and engines, and can be used in various industries and agriculture. The objective of the utility model is to develop a power plant design that allows you to get cheap mechanical or electrical energy, simple in design and operation , which allows to obtain significant power in one unit regardless of the presence of undercurrent speed. The problem is achieved by the fact that in a plant for converting fluid energy into mechanical energy, containing a vortex ejector, made in the form of a combined inlet confuser and outlet diffuser with outlet nozzles and equipped with an injection chamber connected to a source of high-pressure fluid, and a turbine unit made with the body of the turbine unit in which the turbine is located , while the housing of the turbine unit is made in the form of a hollow cylinder in such a way that its inlet is connected to the output section of the diffuser of the vortex ejector, forming a channel for pumping a fluid, and the turbine unit is equipped with an output shaft, a vortex ejector and a turbine unit housing are installed in a cylindrical groove of the installation body, made in the form of a body of revolution and installed in the casing so that a return is made between the outer surface of the installation casing and the inner surface of the casing a channel for supplying a fluid leaving the radial turbine to the input of the vortex ejector, while the front internal volume of the turbine unit is designed to create hrevoy chamber and accommodating the main body, and a rear portion located axial turbine with guide vanes and the radial turbine, in addition, the casing is releasable and the axis of the hole for the output shaft passages turbine unit, and is provided with holes intended for relief of excess fluid. 1 of FIG.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to energy, and more specifically to hydraulic machines and engines, and can be used in various industries, agriculture to obtain cheap mechanical or electrical energy from various fluids - water, air, etc.

State of the art

Known: “Device and system for generating energy by moving water” WO 2007143021 publication of 07/20/2010 IPC F03B 13/00 (Conventional priority: 02.06.2006 US 11 / 446,497).

A system for generating energy by moving water, comprising a group of turbine-driven, hydraulically connected hydraulic pumps, the group being made up of pumps in an interchangeable modular arrangement, and the cells are arranged to receive kinetic energy from moving the water, and the cells convert the resulting due to the movement of water energy through a turbine that drives a hydraulic pump .. In this case, the cells are connected to the power system through a generator, and the generator It is a synchronized AC induction motor; groups anchored at the bottom of the ocean.

The system is bulky, contains a large number of low-power cells having a low efficiency (efficiency), has reduced reliability, is difficult to operate because, designed for deep undercurrents, it depends on the speed and direction of the current.

Patent devices: R.F. No. 2256092, 2324068, 2334120; US No. 8035243; CN 102182641, 101046184, 2011488935; JP 2007270738, 2009235951, 2010090822; KR 20090038180 have similar disadvantages to varying degrees.

It is known "Device for converting the kinetic energy of a liquid into mechanical energy" (US patent 7222313, from 05.25.2010, IPC F03B 3/00). As follows from the description of the patent, the device is connected to a source of pressure of a liquid or gas and contains: a fixed pipe - a fluid receiver that plays the role of a turbine housing and connected with its hole to the source, a movable pipe coaxially mounted on a fixed pipe and bearing at its free end axial fluid flow rotor. The rotor is equipped with a catchment hub with a deflector and hollow radial vanes communicating with it, mounted on the hub and equipped at its ends with ejector holes for ejecting the liquid coming from the fixed tube and rotating the rotor. The rotor at its end carries a drive shaft along the axis of rotation to transfer mechanical energy to an electric generator or other consumers of mechanical energy.

According to the authors of the patent, such an implementation will increase the yield of mechanical energy, i.e., increase the efficiency installation.

However, the use of low-speed flows will require an increase in the size of the turbine, which will lead to an increase in losses in the blades due to friction and to a decrease in the efficiency of the device. In addition, the dimensions and weight of the device will increase significantly.

Known power plant for converting the energy of the fluid into mechanical, containing a turbine installed in a fluid medium and made with a housing representing a stator containing a cylindrical circular channel with input and output devices communicating with the environment, and a rotor equipped with an output shaft, and a device for supplying fluid under pressure.

Moreover, the inlet device is made with the confuser with the inlet and the diffuser arranged in series, and the stator is equipped with a discharge chamber communicating with its inlet to the device for supplying fluid under pressure and made with outlet nozzles located in the outlet of the diffuser its entire perimeter and directed by its axes at an angle of 7-30 ° to the axis of the input device when viewed from the surface of the housing in plan, while the channel is made with a vortex chamber located between the diff by the turbine shaft and rotor in such a way that water jets flowing out of the nozzles create a vortex in the water flow passing through the stator channel, a vortex directed by its vector along the channel axis, and the exhaust nozzles are additionally deflected additionally in the diametrical plane towards the axis of the input device at an angle equal to 0.5-8 °.

In addition, the rotor is made centrifugal-axial, with axial inlet and centrifugal output.

Moreover, the installation is equipped with a tank in which the turbine is installed, and the tank is made in the form of a tank consisting of a housing fixed with its flat bottom on the back wall of the turbine, and a removable front cover, while the front cover and flat bottom are made with a radial transition to the cylindrical part of the container, and the front cover in the center is provided with a conical protrusion directed inside the container and made with concave curvilinear generators passing into the radius part of the front cover. (See application for invention No. 2012135960 dated 08/22/2012).

The well-known "Power plant for converting water energy into mechanical" - RF patent for utility model No. 123849, IPC F03B 3/04, 2013

The installation comprises a vortex ejector made with a housing containing a confuser arranged in series and connected to each other with an inlet, and a diffuser, and an injection chamber communicating at its inlet with a device for supplying fluid under pressure, and made with exhaust nozzles located in the outlet the diffuser along its entire perimeter and directed by its axes at an angle to the axis of the input device so that the jets flowing from the nozzles create a directed vortex in the flowing stream a vector along the axis of the channel, and a turbine unit housing with a turbine representing a stator containing a cylindrical circular channel, joined by an entrance to the outlet cross section of the diffuser and provided with exhaust windows, and a rotor equipped with an output shaft, the channel being made with a vortex chamber located between the diffuser and turbine rotor.

A disadvantage of the known installation is that the fluid passing through the turbine and having kinetic energy is not used, but is released into the environment, which reduces the efficiency of the installation as a whole.

Thus, existing power plants are characterized by low efficiency, low achievable power on a single unit, require the creation of systems from a large number of units, having design complexity, are complex and time-consuming to operate.

Utility Model Essence

The objective of the utility model is to develop the design of such a power plant that would allow obtaining cheap mechanical energy.

Moreover, the design of the installation and the requirements for ensuring its operation should allow obtaining significant power in one unit, regardless of the presence of undercurrent speed.

The problem is achieved in that in a power plant for converting fluid energy into mechanical energy, containing a vortex ejector, made in the form of combined inlet confuser and outlet diffuser with outlet nozzles and equipped with an injection chamber associated with a source of high-pressure fluid, and a turbine unit made with the turbine unit housing containing a turbine with an output shaft and made in such a way that its inlet is aligned with the output section of the vortex ej diffuser ctor, forming a channel for pumping a fluid, while the installation comprises an installation casing made in the form of a body of revolution and installed in a detachable casing, while a vortex ejector and a turbine unit are installed in a cylindrical groove of the installation casing installed in the casing so that between the outer surface of the installation housing and the inner surface of the casing is provided with a return channel for supplying a fluid leaving the turbine unit to the input of the vortex ejector, and the casing is made detachable along the installation axis and with an opening for the passage of the output shaft, and is provided with openings for discharging excess fluid.

In addition, the casing is made in the form of a tank with a flat bottom on the rear wall, a conical middle part and the front part, also made conical with a large angle of taper and covering the tank, while the front part and the flat bottom are made with radial transitions to the conical middle part of the tank and the front part in the center is equipped with a cone-shaped protrusion directed inside the container and made with concave curvilinear generators passing into the radial front part.

Moreover, the openings designed to discharge excess fluid can be made overlapping, for example, using taps.

This installation allows you to increase its efficiency by increasing efficiency.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a structural diagram of a power plant in longitudinal section along the axis of symmetry and in the plane of the housing connector.

Utility Model Implementation

An energy installation for converting fluid energy into mechanical energy includes a unit body, a vortex ejector made in the form of a combined inlet confuser and outlet diffuser with outlet nozzles and equipped with an injection chamber associated with a source of high-pressure fluid, and a turbine unit made with a turbine unit body containing a turbine output shaft and made in the form of a hollow cylinder so that its inlet is aligned with the output section of the diffuser of the vortex ctor, forming a channel for pumping fluid.

The installation case is made in the form of a body of revolution and is installed in a detachable casing, while the vortex ejector and turbine unit are installed in a cylindrical groove of the installation case installed in the casing so that between the outer surface of the installation casing and the inner surface of the casing a return channel for supplying fluid is made exiting the turbine unit, at the entrance of the vortex ejector.

In addition, the casing is made detachable along the axis of the installation with an opening for the passage of the output shaft, and is equipped with openings for discharging excess fluid.

In this case, the front internal volume of the turbine unit housing is designed to create a vortex chamber and accommodate the central body, and a turbine is located at the rear.

The casing is made in the form of a tank with a flat bottom on the rear wall, a conical middle part and the front part, also made conical with a large taper angle and covering the tank, while the front part and the flat bottom are made with radial transitions to the conical middle part of the tank, and the front part in the center is equipped with a cone-shaped protrusion directed inside the container and made with concave curvilinear generators passing into the radial front part.

The holes designed to discharge excess fluid can be made overlapping, for example, using taps.

A power plant for converting fluid energy into mechanical energy is implemented as follows.

An example implementation of the installation is shown in the drawing.

The installation comprises a housing 1, in which a vortex ejector 2 and a turbine unit 3 are placed.

The casing 1 is made in the form of a body of revolution and is installed in the casing 4, made detachable and bearing radial pylons (not shown in the diagram) in the front and rear parts, which ensure the installation and removal of the casing in any known manner when the casing is connected.

The casing 4 is made in the form of a tank with a flat bottom on the rear wall, a conical middle part and the front part, also made conical with a large taper angle and closing the tank, while the front part and the flat bottom are made with radial transitions of the conical middle part of the tank, and the front part the center is equipped with a cone-shaped protrusion directed inside the container and made with concave curvilinear generators passing into the radial front part. In the central part of the flat bottom along the installation axis, an opening is made for the passage of the output shaft of the turbine unit 5 and the installation of the sealing assembly 6.

A vortex ejector 2 is installed in a cylindrical groove of the housing 1 and is made in the form of a combined inlet confuser 7 and an outlet diffuser 8 with a large opening angle.

The vortex ejector 2 is equipped with a discharge chamber.

The injection chamber 9 is made in the body of the vortex ejector 4 and is in cross section a ring container symmetrical about the axis of the ejector, made around the diffuser and formed by the front, rear and annular walls, interconnected by radius transitions.

The injection chamber 9 is made with an inlet for installing a pipe 10 connected to a source of high-pressure fluid for supplying pressurized fluid into the channel of the ejection fluid. As a source of high-pressure fluid, any compressor or pump can be used to create the required overpressure. The rear wall 11 of the injection chamber 9 is made flat and with inlet openings located around its entire circumference to supply fluid to the outlet nozzles 12. The nozzles 12 are located in the outlet of the diffuser around its entire perimeter and are directed by their axes at an angle of 7-30 ° to the axis of the ejector when viewed from the surface of the housing in plan.

The exhaust nozzles 12 can be made deviated further in the diametrical plane of the channel towards its axis by an angle equal to 0.5-12 °.

The inlet of the confuser 7 is made with a radial rounding, forming with a corresponding rounding of the body a streamlined inlet lip for turning the return stream of the fluid and its entry into the confuser.

The turbine unit 3 is made with a housing 13 in which the turbine is located. The housing 13 is made in the form of a hollow cylinder installed in a cylindrical groove of the housing 1 in such a way that its inlet is connected to the outlet cross section of the vortex ejector diffuser, forming a channel for pumping a fluid. The front internal volume of the housing 13 is designed to create a vortex chamber 14 and accommodate the central body 15, and an axial turbine 16 and a guide apparatus 17 are located in the rear part.

The vortex chamber 14 is made in length so that the jets of fluid flowing from the nozzles create in the stream passing through the channel a vortex directed by its vector along the axis of the channel. The length of the vortex chamber 37 is chosen sufficient to create a stable vortex structure in the flow and depends on the angle of deviation of the nozzles, i.e. with a smaller nozzle deflection angle, the vortex chamber will be longer.

The central body 15 is installed along the axis of the housing 13 with the help of radial streamlined pillars 18, made in the form of a body of revolution of a revival shape and is intended to increase the vacuum in the vortex chamber during the passage of flow.

The turbine may have one or more axial stages and is mounted on the output shaft of the turbine unit 5 mounted in bearing units located in the central body 15 and the rear wall 19, mounted in the housing 13 using radial struts. On the output shaft of the turbine unit 5 behind the rear wall 19 there is also a radial stage of the turbine 20 with blades 21, the purpose of which, in addition to creating additional torque, is also to rotate the output stream from the turbine unit by 90 ° to direct it to the entrance of the vortex ejector 2.

In addition, the number of stages of the turbine depends on the need to obtain the required power and on the capabilities of the energy source. So the installation may contain one radial stage and be operable and quite in demand. It is possible to use two turbines, as is customary, for example, in shipbuilding, where the main high-pressure turbine serves to drive the lead screw, and the auxiliary low-pressure turbine serves to drive auxiliary units. At the same time, each turbine will operate at its own pressure: axial at high, and radial at low and each of them will produce mechanical energy for its consumer with its own efficiency.

The rear wall of the casing 4 is provided with openings 22 located around the circumference around the axis of the installation and designed to discharge excess fluid.

The holes 22, designed to discharge excess fluid, can be made overlapping, for example, using taps. After filling the casing with fluid and at the beginning of the installation, the taps can open. Moreover, with the help of cranes, the operating mode of the installation can be changed by changing the pressure inside it.

Installation works as follows.

When a high-pressure fluid is supplied to the discharge chamber 9. it is injected through the nozzles 12 under pressure into the vortex chamber 14, where the jets emerging from the nozzles accelerate the medium in the channel and create a stream 24 at the inlet of the ejector. Moreover, due to the deviation of the nozzles in the medium flow, a vortex is created. The resulting vortex creates a rarefaction in the channel region around the central body, due to which an additional flow is created, amplifying the flow 24, rushing into the channel. The flow of medium in the channel is mixed with the ejection medium from the nozzles, receives additional energy and turns into an accelerated vortex flow. The vortex flow enters the turbine, where it, passing the axial stages 16 and the radial stage 20, is triggered, after which it is discharged into the channel formed between the housing 1 and the inner surface of the casing 4 in the form of a stream 25 and enters the ejector input, increasing the power of the input stream 24 .

Thus, mechanical energy is generated on the turbine, which can be used by various consumers, including for generating electricity.

The creation of rarefaction in a fluid flow in a vortex ejector and the use of the kinetic energy of the stream passing through the turbine and supplied to the inlet of the vortex ejector makes it possible to increase KPD installation, which leads to lower costs of mechanical energy.

Claims (1)

A power plant for converting fluid energy into mechanical energy, containing a vortex ejector made in the form of a combined inlet confuser and outlet diffuser with exhaust nozzles and equipped with an injection chamber connected to a source of high-pressure fluid, and a turbine unit made with a turbine unit housing containing a turbine with an outlet shaft and made in such a way that its inlet is aligned with the outlet cross section of the vortex ejector diffuser, forming a channel for pumping fluid red, characterized in that it contains the installation casing, made in the form of a body of revolution and installed in a detachable casing, a vortex ejector and a turbine unit are installed in a cylindrical groove of the installation casing, and between the outer surface of the installation casing and the inner surface of the casing there is a return channel for supplying fluid, leaving the turbine unit, at the entrance of the vortex ejector, while the casing is made with a hole for the passage of the output shaft and is equipped with holes for discharging excess fluid.

Images