RU173945U1 - SELF-INSTALLING BRACKET - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, and more specifically, to the undercarriage of seeders, cultivators and other tillage units. The self-aligning support comprises a fork and a wheel mounted on an axis installed in the eyes of the fork and connected to it through bearing bearings located at the ends of the axis and made in the form of self-aligning bearings. To fix the wheel, the axle is equipped with a disk rigidly fixed on it with holes on the periphery for the connecting bolts. The proposed support design allows the use of wheels of any width and provides ease of replacement. The use of a wide wheel eliminates its penetration into the soil and the formation of soil ridges during turns, ensures uniform seeding, and reduces traction resistance to the tractor. The use of self-aligning bearings allows you to compensate for the angular misalignment of the axis, contributes to a smooth ride. 5 cp f-ly, 6 ill.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, and more specifically to the undercarriage of seeders, cultivators and other tillage units.

State of the art

Known stubble seeder-cultivator SZS-2 with a full rotary support wheel mounted in front of the seeder frame on a parallelogram suspension (see. Collection "Status and prospects of the implementation of a set of machines for soil-protective soil cultivation and sowing technology", M: AgroNIIIIIITO, 1989, S. 16-17, Fig. 7). The narrow overloaded front wheel of the seeder plunges deeply into the topsoil, as a result of which it bends, the first row of coulters goes too deep into the soil, and the last row, on the contrary, rises, which leads to violations of agricultural requirements and uneven seeding. At the same time, the traction resistance of the tractor increases significantly. At bends, the wheel heels, displacing the soil and forming deep furrows and ridges on the surface of the field. High loads during rotation cause deformation of parts and assemblies of the parallelogram mechanism and wheel forks.

Known seeder-cultivator with a double front support (see patent for utility model RU 86384, IPC: АСС 7/00, publ. 09/10/2009). According to the aforementioned patent, the front support includes a stand and a bracket rigidly connected to it, adapted to hold two coaxial pneumatic wheels. The use of dual wheels reduces the specific pressure exerted by each wheel on the soil. However, the wheels of the aforementioned support, spaced apart by a certain distance and made of normal width, work as well as a single wheel, partially digging into the soil. In this case, an earthen ridge is formed between the wheels, and the action of the load of the seeder weight causes a break in the support strut over the bracket fixing section.

As the closest analogue to the claimed technical solution, the front support of the SKP-2.1 grain-fertilizer seeder-cultivator was adopted (see Operation Manual, Omsk Publishing House: Sibzavod LLC, 2011, p. 17, Fig. 4).

The design of the known support is characterized by the following features similar to the essential features of the proposed solution, namely, it contains a fork, a wheel mounted on an axis located in the eyes of the fork and connected to it, and two bearing bearings.

In a known design, the bearing supports are made in the form of angular contact bearings located inside the hub housing, mounted on the axis by means of these bearings. The wheel is mounted on the hub and bolted to it. The plug is rigidly fixed to the ends of the axle with nuts and cotter pins.

A significant drawback of the closest analogue is the use of a standard narrow wheel, which is prone to "burying" in the soil, the latter the more, the softer the soil. As a result, problems arise: uneven depth of openers, furrow formation, increased load on the tractor drive, which leads to increased fuel consumption.

The mentioned problems can be solved by replacing a narrow wheel with a wider one. However, to carry out a simple change of wheels in a known design is impossible, because this will require replacing the hub, through which the wheel is mounted on the axle. The hub is a hollow body part with internal seating surfaces for bearings. For the manufacture of a hub with new dimensions, the development of a whole technological process from scratch will be required.

The technical problem to which the claimed utility model is directed is the creation of a self-aligning support structure that allows the use of wheels of any width and their replacement, depending on the specific working conditions, which would allow fulfilling the requirements of agricultural machinery on any soil.

Utility Model Disclosure

The proposed design of the self-aligning support is intended for primary use in seeders, cultivators and other tillage units.

The aforementioned problem has been solved thanks to the improvements of the known support structure, including a fork, a wheel placed on an axle mounted in the eyelets of the fork and connected to it, and two bearing bearings.

The mentioned improvements, according to the claimed utility model, consist in the fact that the axis is equipped with a disk rigidly fixed to it, made with holes for bolts to connect to the wheel disk, and connected to the fork through bearing bearings located at the ends of the axis and made in the form of self-aligning bearings .

In the proposed construction of the support, a hub is excluded, the functions of which, concerning the fastening of the wheel, are performed by a disk rigidly fixed on the axis.

Bearing bearings are made outside the dimensions of the wheel and provide the connection of the axle and forks. The axis rotates with the wheel with which it is rigidly connected.

In such a supporting structure, a wheel of any width can be installed. At the same time replacing the wheel is quite simple.

The use of a wide wheel eliminates its penetration into the soil and the formation of a furrow when turning the seeder, ensures uniform seeding, and reduces traction resistance to the tractor. A wider spot of contact with the soil eliminates its overconsolidation.

For self-aligning (self-aligning) bearings, the inner surface of the outer ring is made in a sphere, which gives them the ability to self-align and allows them to work with a significant skew of the inner ring relative to the outer one, which allows you to compensate for the angular distortions of the axis, contributes to a smooth ride.

In the case of using double-row self-aligning bearings, a double row of rolling bodies provides increased load capacity and compensates for negative design features.

Each self-aligning bearing is housed in a housing and forms a bearing support with it. The bearing housing has a flange with holes in the corners allowing it to be connected to the plug.

The plug includes a rack for connecting to the unit's bearing frame, and a U-shaped bracket rigidly connected to it, at the ends of which plates with eyelets for the axis and holes for connecting to the bearing housing are fixed.

As a wheel, it is advisable to use an agricultural wheel with a width of at least 16 inches.

To increase the rigidity and reliability of the assembly of the axis assembly, stiffeners can be installed between the disk and the axis.

To simplify and increase the performance of installation work in the holes of the disk, bolts can be pre-pressed to connect the axle disk to the wheel disk.

A platform can be welded to the fork with a hole for the locking pin, which prevents the wheel from moving in the longitudinal direction.

It is preferable to use the proposed self-aligning support as a support-guide wheel of a seeder or other tillage unit.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by the following example of a specific implementation and the drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 - self-aligning support, general view, isometry;

in FIG. 2 - also, view A from FIG. 1, in partial section;

in FIG. 3 - wheel axis; in FIG. 4 - also, view C from FIG. 3;

in FIG. 5 - plug, isometry;

in FIG. 6 - bearing support, isometry.

Utility Model Implementation

Self-aligning bearing contains (see Fig. 1-2) a fork 1, a wheel 2, mounted on an axis 3, mounted in the eyes of a fork 1 by means of self-aligning bearings 4.

The axis 3 (see Fig. 3-4) is equipped with a disk 5, located in the Central part of the axis 3 and rigidly fixed to it, for example, by welding. To impart the required rigidity to the load-bearing structure, stiffeners 6 can be installed between the disk and the axis. At the ends of the axis 3, seating surfaces 7 for bearings are made. Manufacturing of bearings is ensured by end caps 8. On the periphery of the disk 5, holes 9 are made for bolts 10 for connecting to the disk (rim) of the wheel 2. Bolts 10 can be pre-pressed into the holes.

The plug 1 (see Fig. 5) is a welded structure consisting of a stand H and a U-shaped bracket 12 rigidly connected to it, at the ends of which there are fixed plates 13 with eyes 14 for accommodating the axis 3 and holes 15 for connecting to the bearing housing .

To prevent displacement of the wheel in the longitudinal direction to the fork 1, a plate 16 can be welded with a hole 17 for a pin-retainer (not shown).

As bearings 4, self-aligning bearings are used, housed in a flange housing, for example, UCF 210 (see Fig. 6). A bearing mounted in the housing forms a bearing support with it.

Assembly of the support is as follows.

A wheel 2 is fixed to the disk 5 by means of bolts 10. An agricultural wheel with a width of at least 16 inches is used as wheel 2. At the ends of the axis 3, bearings 4 are mounted, which are fixed with end caps 8.

Using lifting equipment, the ends of the axis 3 are placed in the eyes 14 of the yoke 1 and, using the bolts 18 installed in the holes 15 of the plates 13, connect the yoke 1 to the bearing housings.

The rack 11 of the fork 1 is mounted in a holder fixed by means of a parallelogram suspension to the frame of a seeder-cultivator or other tillage unit (not shown in the drawings).

Similarly, another wheel of any width can be installed.

In the process, the self-aligning bearings 4 provide compensation for the angular distortions of the axis 3 relative to the fork 1, for example, when hitting a stone or other obstacle.

Claims (6)

1. Self-aligning support, mainly for seeders, cultivators and other tillage units, comprising a fork, a wheel placed on an axis mounted in the eyes of the fork and connected to it, and bearing bearings, characterized in that the axis is equipped with a hard disk mounted on it with holes for connecting to the wheel disk, and connected to the fork through bearing bearings located at the ends of the axle and made in the form of self-aligning bearings. 2. Support according to claim 1, characterized in that the plug includes a stand for connecting to the unit frame and a U-shaped bracket rigidly connected to it, at the ends of which are fixed plates with eyelets for accommodating the axis and holes for connecting to the bearing housing. 3. Support according to claim 1, characterized in that an agricultural wheel with a width of at least 16 inches is used as a wheel. 4. Support according to claim 1, characterized in that stiffeners are installed between the disk and the axis. 5. Support according to claim 1, characterized in that bolts are pressed into the holes of the disk for connecting to the wheel disk. 6. A support according to claim 1, characterized in that a platform with a hole for a latch is welded to the fork, preventing the wheel from shifting in the longitudinal direction.

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