RU173722U1 - Cylindrical training simulator for the development of impaired arm movements in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Cylindrical simulator for classes on the development of impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes on the development of impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain damage. The proposed device consists of a rod made of plastic (1) 300-700 mm long, 20-40 mm in diameter, on which 15-30 plastic ring links (2) made of plastic, each of which is a ring, are movably rotated 20-40 mm wide, the outer diameter of which is 40-60 mm, and the inner one corresponds to the outer diameter of the rod (1), while on the side of each of the ring links (2) there is a protrusion (3) made of plastic of cylindrical shape with a diameter of 5 -10 mm, height 7-15 mm, and at the ends of the rod nya (1) there was a thread designed for fastening the restrictive flanges (4), to which two handles (6) fixed on each other by means of thumb screws (10) are movably mounted with an axial connection (5) and rotated 180 degrees, each of which fixing straps are fixed (11), while elastic washers (12) are located between each of the restrictive flanges (4) and the adjacent ring link (2) next to it, and it is movable on the outer surface of the ring links (2) with the possibility of movement from one restriction flange (4) to another, a metal ring (7) is installed, the inner diameter of which is 3-5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the ring links (2), and a cut is made in the lower part of the metal ring (7), to the edges of which is made of metal an arcuate loop (8), the dimensions of which allow it to freely pass through the protrusions (3) on the ring links, and a weight made of metal is rigidly fixed to the loop (8) (9). The proposed device allows you to provide patients with a significant number of different tasks for the development of impaired hand movements with a gradual increase in the degree of difficulty of the tasks, and also provides the ability to assist with a healthy hand when working with the device in the early stages of training. Along with use in the clinic, this device can be widely used when conducting independent classes of patients at home.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during classes on the development of impaired arm movements in patients of a neurological clinic.

Violation of hand movements occurs in patients with a neurological clinic due to various organic lesions of the brain and peripheral nervous system associated with vascular diseases, injuries, infections, etc.

For the development of impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic, various devices and simulators are used.

The PT22100 CuraMotion Exer III Plus simulator for arms and shoulders is known in the art for the development of various motor functions of the upper extremities, to strengthen arm muscles, increase the flexibility and mobility of the shoulder girdle (Promedik medical equipment store, RT22100 CuraMotion arm and shoulder trainer Exer III Plus, found January 20, 2017 on the Internet at http://www.pro-medic.ru/index.php?ht=222&detail=9480).

This simulator is a metal case, on the top of which there is a handle that the patient rotates with his hand, making circular movements.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to develop impaired hand movements in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) mechanical repetition of the same stereotypical circular motion of the hand in one plane without the possibility of working on the restoration of any other movements of the hand;

b) the inconvenience of working with this device for bedridden patients with impaired hand movements.

Also, the Zmeyka simulator is known from the prior art, designed to restore arm motor activity, coordination, accuracy and agility of movements (Rehabilitation equipment and REA simulators, Zmeika, found on 01/20/2017 on the Internet at http: // reaservice .ru / trenazhery-dlya-reabilitacii-i-zdorov-ya / trenazher-dlya-vosstanovleniya-melkoy-motoriki-ruk / zmeyka-100h43h20-sm /).

Structurally, this simulator is a “snake” contour made of wire mounted on a wooden stand, on which there are several wooden or metal rings that the patient must move along the wire contour by hand. This simulator has dimensions of 850 × 400 × 450 mm. The wire loop of the simulator can be made in a different shape.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to develop impaired hand movements in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the monotony and uniformity of work with this device, which consists in moving the rings along the wire loop alternately, then in one, then in the other direction;

b) the impossibility of changing the degree of complexity of the motor exercises offered to the patient;

c) the inconvenience of studying with this device for bedridden patients.

Also known from the prior art is “A simulator - a labyrinth for developing motor skills of hands” (HERCULES Scientific and Production Association, a simulator - a labyrinth for developing motor skills of hands, was found January 20, 2017 on the Internet at http://royal-sport.ru/trenazhery/ trenazhery-dlja-invalidov / razvitie-koordinacii / trenazher-labirint-dlja-razrabotki-motorik #).

This simulator is designed to develop motor skills and develop hand coordination during rehabilitation after a stroke. Structurally, it is a wire structure rigidly fixed on the handle with a constant contour shape made of steel wire and consisting of straight sections of the same length located relative to each other at 90 degrees angles. A ring is located on the wire structure, which the patient must move along the wire loop, holding it by the handle and tilting and turning the device in different directions to move the ring. This simulator consists of 26 sections of the same length and has dimensions: 415 × 165 × 175 mm, but can be performed in other versions that differ in the shape of the wire loop.

Unlike the devices discussed above, the labyrinth simulator provides the ability to develop impaired motor skills of the patient’s hands, not through mechanical repetition of the same type of movements, but by incorporating the impaired hand movement into a certain game activity, which consists in moving the ring along the wire structure made in the form of a maze. Thanks to this, the disturbed process of movement is transferred to another, more secure level of implementation, as well as the inclusion in the process of movement of various psychological components (interest, dedication, etc.) that contribute to improving the performance of movements and increasing the efficiency of developing disturbed hand movements.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to develop impaired hand movements in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the ability to move the ring only along the same contour of the wire structure, which causes the patient to quickly get used to, leading to a decrease in interest in occupation;

b) the impossibility of increasing the degree of complexity of the tasks performed by the patient as the patient reaches positive results in the development of arm movements;

c) the design of this simulator does not provide for the possibility of supporting the simulator and assisting in performing the specified movements with the simulator with a healthy hand;

d) the difficulty of keeping the simulator in patients with impaired finger movements.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above devices, a device was developed "Cylindrical simulator for classes on the development of impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic" (hereinafter referred to as "cylindrical simulator".

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the patient with a variety of tasks for the development of impaired hand movements, ensuring the maintenance of interest in the classes;

b) a change in the degree of complexity of the tasks performed by the patient as they achieve positive results in the development of impaired arm movements;

c) providing the ability to assist in supporting the simulator and performing specified movements with the simulator with a healthy hand in the initial stages of training;

d) providing the ability to hold the simulator in the hand of a patient with impaired finger movements.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the arsenal of technical means intended for the development of impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic, provided by the structural elements of the device, allowing patients of a neurological clinic to be provided with a significant number of various tasks for developing impaired hand movements with a gradual increase in the complexity of tasks , as well as providing the ability to assist with a healthy hand during work those with the device in the early stages of classes.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device contains a rod made of plastic with a length of 300-700 mm, a diameter of 20-40 mm, on which 15-30 plastic ring links made of plastic, each of which represents a ring with a width of 20-40 mm, the outer diameter of which is 40-60 mm, and the inner one corresponds to the outer diameter of the rod, while on the side of each of the ring links there is a cylindrical protrusion made of plastic with a diameter of 5 -10 mm, a height of 7-15 mm, and a thread is made at the ends of the shaft for fastening the restrictive flanges, to which two handles fixed by means of thumb screws are fixed by means of an axial connection, rotatable by 180 degrees, on each of which fixing straps are fixed, with elastic washers located between each of the restrictive flanges and the ring link adjacent to it, and on the outer surface of the ring links it is movable, with the possibility of movement from one of the flange to the other, a metal ring is installed, the inner diameter of which is 3-5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the ring links, and a cut is made in the lower part of the metal ring, to the edges of which an arcuate loop made of metal is rigidly fixed, the dimensions of which allow it to freely pass through protrusions on the ring links, and a weight made of metal is rigidly fixed to the loop.

In a preferred embodiment, the device between the ring links are fluoroplastic gaskets with a thickness of 0.5-1 mm

In a preferred embodiment, the elastic washers have a thickness of 4-6 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the upper part of the protrusion has a spherical shape.

In a preferred embodiment, the metal ring has a circular cross section, the diameter of which is 4-7 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the weight of the weight is determined locally based on the size and weight of the metal ring.

The essence of the utility model "Cylindrical simulator for classes on the development of impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - General view of the "cylindrical simulator";

In FIG. 2 is a side view of a “cylindrical simulator”;

In FIG. 3 - an example of the location of the ring links in the working position when setting a light degree of complexity;

In FIG. 4 - an example of the location of the ring links in the working position with a complex task;

In FIG. 5 is a general view of a metal ring;

In FIG. 6 is a side view of a metal ring.

The device (see Fig. 1-2) has a cylindrical shape and consists of a rod made of plastic (1) 300-700 mm long, 20-40 mm in diameter, on which 15-30 made of plastic are movably mounted with rotation ring links (2), each of which is a ring that has a rectangular shape with a width of 20-40 mm, the outer diameter of which is 40-60 mm, and the inner diameter corresponds to the outer diameter of the rod (1).

Between the ring links (2) there are fluoroplastic gaskets with a thickness of 0.5-1 mm (not shown in the figures), providing ease of rotation of the ring links (2) during operation with the device.

On the side of each of the ring links (2) is a plastic protrusion (3) of a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 5-10 mm, a height of 7-15 mm, the upper part of which is spherical in shape.

At the ends of the rod (1), a thread is made (not shown in the figures), intended for fastening of the restrictive flanges (4) having the corresponding thread, to which two handles (6) are movably mounted, rotatably 180 degrees, by axial connection (5) on which the fixing straps are fixed (11), which ensure the fixation of the device on the patients' hands with impaired finger movements.

Between each restrictive flange (4) and the adjacent ring link (2) located next to it are elastic washers (12) with a thickness of 4-6 mm made, for example, of fluoroplastic. Using elastic washers (12), the ring links (2) are clamped to each other, which allows the specialist to rotate them effortlessly at different angles, but does not allow them to rotate spontaneously. The clamping force of the ring links (2) to each other is adjusted by rotating the restrictive flanges (4) mounted on the threaded ends of the rod (1).

On the outer surface of the ring links (2), a metal ring (7) is movably mounted, with the possibility of moving from one restrictive flange (4) to another, (see Figs. 5 and 6), in the lower part of which a cut is made, the edges of which are rigidly an arcuate loop made of metal is fixed (8), the dimensions of which allow it to freely pass through the protrusions (3) located on the ring links (2). A weight (9) made of metal is rigidly fixed on the loop (8), which ensures, due to gravity, a constant location of the loop (8) in the lower part of the metal ring (7) during operation with the device.

The metal ring (7) has a circular cross section, the diameter of which is 4-7 mm, and the weight of the weight (9) is determined locally, based on the size and weight of the metal ring (9).

The inner diameter of the metal ring (7) is 3-5 mm larger than the external diameter of the ring links (2), so that the metal ring (7) can easily move along the surface of the ring links (2) with the corresponding tilts and rotations of the “cylindrical trainer”, providing free the passage of the loop (8) through the protrusions (3) of the ring links (2).

The movable placement on the rod (1) of the ring links (2) provides the ability to easily change the position of the protrusions (3) due to the rotation of the ring links (2), which opens up the following possibilities:

a) allows you to generate tasks of varying degrees of complexity (see Fig. 3 and 4), depending on the severity of violations of the patient’s arm;

b) allows you to form a variety of tasks that differ from each other, which helps to maintain the interest of patients to work with the device.

Each handle (6) of the "cylindrical simulator" can be rotated in axial connection (5) relative to the ring links (2) located on the rod (1) to different angles within 180 degrees, which also expands the possible tasks, since when changing the angle of inclination handles (6), the trajectory of movements that the patient performs when moving the metal ring (7) with the loop (8) through the protrusions (3) of the ring links (2) changes.

Rigid fixation of each handle (6) in a certain position relative to the rod (1) with ring links (2) is carried out by rotation of the thumb screws (10) located on the axial connection (5).

The presence of two handles (6) located on two sides of the "cylindrical simulator" provides the following features:

a) additional support for the device with the patient’s healthy hand, which is important in the initial stages of rehabilitation training, as well as with a decrease in strength in the restored hand;

b) provide the ability to return the metal ring (7) after completing the task to its original position by turning the device and changing the handle (6) for which it is held by the patient.

Thus, the patients of the neurological clinic are provided with various tasks for the development of impaired hand movements with a gradual increase in the complexity of the tasks due to the following elements of the device:

a) the movable connection of the ring links (2) with the protrusions (3), allowing you to change the trajectory of the arm moving the metal ring (7) with the loop (8) through the protrusions (3) of the ring links (2);

b) the axial connection (5) of the handles (6) with the rod (1), which allows you to change the angle of installation of the handles (6) relative to the rod (1), which leads to an additional change in the path of the patient’s arm during work with the simulator.

The "Cylindrical simulator for classes on the development of impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic" works as follows:

Before the start of the first lesson, the specialist sets the ring links (2) to the position when the protrusions (3) form the easiest version of the task for moving the loop (8) of the metal ring (7) through the protrusions (3). In this case, the protrusions (3) are located in close proximity to each other (see Fig. 3). Thanks to this, the patient does not need to make complex movements with his hand in order to move the loop (8) of the metal ring (7) through the protrusions (3) of the ring links (2).

Further, the device is fixed on the patient’s diseased arm in such a way that the wrist of his hand is located under the fixing strap (11) on one of the handles (6). At the initial stage of training, the handle (6) is located in a position perpendicular to the rod (1) (see Fig. 3). At the beginning of the task, the metal ring (7) should be located near the patient’s hand.

Further, the patient begins by tilting and turning the device to sequentially move the metal ring (7) through the protrusions (3) of the ring links (2) to the restrictive flange (4) located on the opposite side of the device. If it is difficult for the patient to hold the “cylindrical simulator” and perform the necessary hand movements with impaired movement, he can support the device with his healthy hand by the other handle (6).

After the patient has moved the metal ring (7) to the opposite restrictive flange (4), he turns the "cylindrical simulator" so that the metal ring (7) is again in the upper part of the device. Then the patient, holding the device by the other handle (6), again moves the metal ring (7) with the loop (8) through the protrusions (3) of the ring links (2). This sequence of actions can be repeated several times during the lesson.

To ensure a variety of exercises, the specialist performs the following actions:

a) changes the position of the protrusions (3) of the ring links (2) by turning them slightly, which does not change the degree of complexity of the patient’s hand movements when moving the metal ring (7);

b) changes the position of the handles (6) with respect to the rod (1) with ring links (2), setting the handle (6) at different angles. To this end, the specialist, using the thumb screws (10), loosens the rigid fixation of the handles (6), transfers them to a different position and again fixes with the thumb screws (10).

As patients achieve positive results in the development of impaired arm movements, the specialist gradually complicates the task by turning the protrusions (3) of the ring links (2) so that the protrusions (3) are located at a greater distance from each other (see Fig. 4) As a result, the patient needs to perform more complex movements with his hand when moving the metal ring (7) with the loop (8) through the protrusions (3).

Before conducting independent studies, the patient is first trained to work with the device under the guidance of a specialist, and when conducting classes at home, he periodically consults with a specialist.

Along with classes on the development of impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic, this device can also be used in the development of hand movements impaired due to other diseases, for example, injuries, the consequences of surgical operations, etc.

Thus, the proposed “Cylindrical simulator for classes on the development of impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic” allows us to provide patients with a significant number of various tasks for the development of impaired hand movements with a gradual increase in the degree of difficulty of the tasks, and also provides the ability to assist with a healthy hand when working with the device in the early stages of classes. Along with use in the clinic, this device can be widely used when conducting independent classes of patients at home.

Claims (6)

1. A cylindrical simulator for training in the development of impaired hand movements in patients with a neurological clinic, characterized in that it consists of a plastic rod 300-700 mm long, 20-40 mm in diameter, on which 15-30 are movably mounted, with the possibility of rotation made of plastic ring links, each of which is a ring with a width of 20-40 mm, the outer diameter of which is 40-60 mm, and the inner one corresponds to the outer diameter of the rod, while on the side of each of the ring links is located a cylindrical protrusion made of plastic is made with a diameter of 5-10 mm, a height of 7-15 mm, and a thread is made at the ends of the rod for fastening the restrictive flanges to which, fixed by screws, are movably rotated by 180 degrees, rotatable - two handles, on each of which fixing straps are fixed, while elastic washers are located between each of the restrictive flanges and the ring link next to it, and on the outer surface of the ring the links are movable, with the possibility of moving from one restrictive flange to another, a metal ring is installed, the inner diameter of which is 3-5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the ring links, and a cut is made in the lower part of the metal ring, to the edges of which an arcuate loop made of metal is rigidly fixed , the dimensions of which allow it to freely pass through the protrusions on the ring links, and a weight made of metal is rigidly fixed to the loop. 2. The cylindrical simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that between the ring links are fluoroplastic gaskets with a thickness of 0.5-1 mm. 3. The cylindrical simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic washers have a thickness of 4-6 mm. 4. The cylindrical simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the protrusion has a spherical shape. 5. The cylindrical simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal ring has a circular cross section, the diameter of which is 4-7 mm. 6. The cylindrical simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight of the weight is determined locally, based on the size and weight of the metal ring.

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