RU171441U1 - SECRET ELECTRONIC LOCK - Google Patents

Abstract

An electronic lock of increased secrecy in the form of an electronic key and a lock, incorporating LED matrices and receiving matrices controlled by microcontrollers, separation matrices using a duplex dialogue and autonomously generating code from an array of random digits, the code represents a virtual number that is not explicitly expressed, It can be used in various systems and devices that prevent unauthorized access to objects and zones. Generating code from an array of random numbers in combination with matrices allows you to have a virtually unlimited number of code options. The code changes each time the lock is activated with a key. The code is never passed explicitly from key to lock. The probability of random code selection tends to an infinitesimal value. The electronic lock has no restrictions on the number of keys. The presence of a separation matrix makes it easy to organize in-line production. The combination of key and lock in a single device allows you to use it in recognition systems "friend or foe".

Description

Electronic locks are devices that prevent unauthorized access to objects or areas. In general terms, they are an electronic circuit of varying complexity and its constituent elements, in which a comparison of a received or entered signal, password, code, in the general case, a code, stored in the lock, with the issuance of the corresponding command based on the results of comparison. Electronic locks are most widely used in anti-theft devices, car alarms, electromechanical gates, safes, and computer equipment.

Electronic locks are known in the art for which the code is either constant or variable. The locks with a constant code possess the lowest secrecy. Low secrecy is due to the fact that the transmitted code and / or command is simply intercepted, which leads to unauthorized access. The changeable code in the locks can be changed both by the owner of the castle, and by a certain program, regardless of the owner. A significant drawback in the first case is the need to systematically change the code in addition to all keys, and in most cases, especially for a single key, the need to fix the last code somewhere in case of loss or damage of the key. As a rule, such codes are very simple, usually associated with specific dates, by the owner himself or his environment. Most often it is used in computer technology. Secrecy here is higher than that of immutable codes, however, cases of unauthorized access are not rare. When changing the program, the code in the lock may not coincide with the code in the key as a result of natural or artificial interference. Sooner or later, such a program or the principle of its construction, since it is a permanent system, is carried out according to strict rules, becomes known, which leads to a decrease in secrecy. These are the most vulnerable points in software transcoding.

The lock with dialogue function has an increased secrecy (AS 2295465, Anti-theft system for a vehicle). In this electronic lock, the master reader (lock) transmits a random number to the master tags (key), which in the key and lock is converted to another one using the same algorithm. The result transmitted from the key to the lock is compared with the result in the lock. The number of options in this case significantly depends on the number of algorithms, in reality there are not so many, and in each implemented device they should be different. The disadvantage of such locks is that both the number and the result of the conversion are transmitted explicitly, can be accessed (intercepted), and the conversion function is determined with the appropriate statistical selection. All together leads to insufficient secrecy. The task is to increase secrecy.

The technical result, the achievement of which the claimed technical solution is aimed, is to increase secrecy.

The proposed high-security electronic lock is free from these drawbacks, since an array of hundreds or thousands of random digits is transmitted from the lock to the key (transferring such a volume of information takes fractions of a second), the number of combinations for choosing the number to convert from the array is many millions, the code is virtual number, the result of the conversion is not explicitly transmitted, but is embedded in a random number of tens of digits, which is then transmitted. Finding a system for extracting numbers and converting is almost impossible. The identity of most elements of the electronic lock and the presence, in fact, of only one variable element allows you to organize in-line production in any batches. The number of keys is limited only by expediency. The probability of unauthorized access comes down to almost guessing a random number of dozens of digits. By combining the key and the lock into a single device, the scope can be expanded to recognition systems "friend or foe".

1. Functionally, the operation of an electronic lock of high security is as follows. When initiating a key from the last to the lock, a request is sent to perform a certain action. This request is stored in the lock, in response to the lock, an array of Ν is transmitted to the key, for example, from 256, random digits from the digital noise generator. The same array of numbers in the lock is involved in the formation of the code. The array numbers in the form of binary code or corresponding durations are converted in the LED matrix into pulses of light. Light pulses pass through the dividing matrix to the reception, with which information is read and processed by the microcontroller. In the LED matrix, all diodes are connected in parallel and work simultaneously. The function of the separation matrix is reduced to transmit or not transmit light in certain places. The number of such places K at the discretion of the manufacturer may be different, for example, ten. Information is taken from the receiving matrix row by row or in columns, but equally in the key and lock, sequentially, starting from the starting point. The starting point is usually angular. A row-by-row or column-by-column survey is determined by the parity or oddness of a previously selected digit in the order of receipt, including the first one. By default, for example, a line-by-line connection can be established until the line containing such a digit is completed, then, depending on the parity-oddness of this number, the line-by-line connection is continued or the connection is switched to columns. The pulses read by the receiving matrices and converted into digits in the memory cell form some random virtual number, which is further transformed according to a predetermined algorithm in the key and lock. The converted number, for example, of ten characters is embedded in the key into a random number M, for example, of 25 digits from its digital noise generator, it is remembered in the lock. The insertion algorithm, it should be known to the castle, maybe, for example, as follows. Another reference point in the order of arrival of the numbers is selected in advance. A constant shift of the start of installation is established in advance, for example, four digits. The number at this reference point determines how many digits it is still necessary to shift the beginning of the build-in, after which a few more random digits from the 25 selected by us will remain. In a random number of 25 characters that came to the castle, the code is determined by the inverse algorithm and compared with the stored one. Based on the comparison results, the corresponding command is issued. The number of options for generating code is almost unlimited. In our example, it is commensurate with the number of combinations from 256 to 10. The probability of random selection of code is reduced to the probability of guessing a 25-digit number in our example. Due to the random composition of the original array of numbers and embedding the code into a random number, high secrecy of the electronic lock is achieved.

2. Functionally, the operation of such an electronic lock of increased secrecy is almost identical 1. The separation matrix is modified. In places that allow light to pass through, filters are installed that transmit or delay, not fundamentally, a specific color. The receiving matrix, for example, according to the type of color electronic cameras. Several new reference points are introduced, but located in the separation matrix. They also work on a specific color. For example, there are three of them. Odd-even combinations for them give 8 combinations, therefore, on the separation matrix we can have 8 groups of different colors and, in principle, different lengths, and depending on the particular combination of even-odd, one or another group is used. The number of memory cells corresponds to the number of groups. In each cell, digits of the same color accumulate. Due to additional reference points, secrecy is further enhanced, especially when arrays of N coincide in many respects. The probability of random code selection does not change. The electronic lock option allows you to have a universal key due to the part of the separation matrix that is not changed in the lock itself and the OR circuit, which makes it possible to use it, for example, in hotel complexes.

3. Functionally, the operation of such an electronic lock of increased secrecy is almost identical to 1 or 2. Additionally, several reference points are entered in order of arrival of the digits of the array N. The number formed from these digits determines the amount of time delay for sending Μ with the built-in key-to-lock code. A certain time interval is formed in the castle with a minimum margin, during which M. must arrive. The castle does not give permission to perform the requested specific action if such a condition is not met. Due to this, secrecy is further enhanced.

Thus, an electronic lock of increased secrecy, characterized in that the code is a virtual number, the source for the code is an array of random digits, the selection of a number from the array is carried out by a separation matrix, it can significantly increase privacy and, moreover, it makes it possible to organize in-line production.

Claims (16)

1. An electronic lock of increased secrecy, consisting of an electronic key and the actual lock with access to executive circuits, mechanisms, digital noise generators, microcontrollers and using a duplex dialogue, characterized in that: - the code is a virtual number; - the initial group of digits for generating the code is selected from an array of N random digits formed by the digital noise generator of the castle; - the original group of digits is selected by a separation matrix; - the generated initial number is converted in parallel in the key and lock according to the established algorithm, the result obtained from K digits is a code; - the code in the key is embedded in a sequence of M random digits from its own digital noise generator; - in the lock, a code is allocated from a sequence of M digits and compared with the code received in the lock. 2. The electronic lock according to claim 1, characterized in that - the separation matrix has light filters; - the separation matrix determines the additional number of groups and the option of selecting a group for further conversion; - additional color information is read from the receiving matrix; - the microcontroller groups the numbers depending on the color; - a group of numbers for further conversion according to the algorithm is chosen quasi-randomly. 3. Electronic lock according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that - transmission of a sequence in M digits is delayed; - the delay is set quasi randomly.