RU171104U1 - SOLAR PIPE - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical solution relates to solar energy and can be used in solar installations to convert solar energy into heat. The tube of the solar collector is made in the form of a glass bulb, which has an outer and inner wall, as well as a central cavity formed by the surface of the inner wall, the space between the outer and inner walls being filled with vacuum, and a heat copper tube is structurally fixed inside the central cavity of the bulb using a tube. In this case, the central cavity of the flask around the thermal copper tube without air gaps is filled with heat-accumulating substance, and the tube is fixed in the upper part of the central cavity of the glass bulb so that the inner space of the central cavity is closed relative to the external environment. The technical result consists in increasing the duration of the transfer of thermal energy by a solar collector tube. 1 s.p. f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

Technical field

The proposed utility model relates to solar energy and can be used in solar installations to convert solar energy into heat.

State of the art

There are various types of solar systems, the task of which is to use the energy of the sun to prepare hot water and space heating. One of them includes solar collector split systems based on the use of vacuum solar collectors. Such split systems consist of a heat storage tank installed in the room, one or more solar vacuum collectors installed on the street, for example on the roof of a house, a circulation pump and a control controller.

When stopping sunlight on the surface of the tube of the solar collector split system (for example, nightfall), the heating process stops and the work of the solar collector split system stops. As a result of this, the consumer can use for his needs only the energy that was accumulated on a sunny day in the storage tank. With the expenditure of this thermal energy, you have to wait for the next day to implement a new cycle of energy storage from the sun.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed utility model include the solar collector disclosed in patent document CN 203249413 U, publ. 10/23/2013. According to this document, the solar collector is a structure that includes vacuum tubes in the form of glass bulbs. The glass flask is made according to the technology of the thermos flask - two walls, and between them a vacuum. The outer glass wall is transparent to sunlight. A selective coating is applied to the outer surface of the inner glass wall, the task of which is to absorb sunlight and heat the inner wall of the bulb. A container with a heat-accumulating substance is placed in a glass flask.

The indicated design of the vacuum tubes has a significant drawback, namely, the heat storage substance used is placed inside the glass bulb so that it is not possible to efficiently accumulate external thermal energy due to the existing air gaps between the contacting structural members, since they impede efficient heat transfer.

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical result, the achievement of which the proposed technical solution is directed, is to increase the duration (period) of the return of thermal energy by the claimed design of the solar collector tube.

This problem is solved by creating a vacuum tube of the solar collector, made in the form of a glass bulb, which has an outer and inner wall, as well as a central cavity of the bulb formed by the surface of the inner wall, the space between the outer and inner walls being filled with vacuum, and inside the central cavity of the bulb Using a plug, a heat copper tube is structurally fixed, while the central cavity of the bulb around a heat copper tube without air gaps is filled with a heat storage ETS, wherein the stopper is fixed in the upper portion of the central cavity of the glass bulb so that the interior of the central cavity closed with respect to the external environment.

In one embodiment of the claimed solution, the heat storage substance is aluminum powder.

Thus, the claimed technical solution with its entire set of essential features allows you to increase the efficiency of the solar collector element and, accordingly, the duration of the return of thermal energy to the consumer.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a solar collector.

In FIG. 2 is a general view of a solar collector tube with a heat storage substance.

In FIG. 3 is a graph of the temperature change on the capacitor of a copper heat pipe depending on the time of day and the tube design used.

Utility Model Implementation

A glass bulb (1) (or, alternatively, a vacuum tube (11) made in the form of a glass bulb) is the main element of the solar collector. It is the conversion of solar radiation to heat. The collector device is shown in FIG. one.

According to FIG. 1 collector is a structure mounted on a frame (12). A manifold (10) is fixed in the upper part of the frame - a box made of metal, inside of which there passes a copper channel for the coolant. Sleeves are welded into this channel, into which the capacitors (9) of the heat pipe are inserted. Between the coolant channel and the manifold box a heater is laid. The cavity of the channel for the coolant and the cavity of the liners are not in communication with each other.

The glass flask (1) is made according to the technology of the thermos flask - two walls, and a vacuum between them. The outer (4) glass wall is transparent to sunlight. On the outer surface of the inner glass wall (5), a selective coating (3) is applied, the task of which is to absorb sunlight and heat the inner wall of the bulb. Inside the glass flask with the help of a stopper (7), a thermal copper tube (6) is installed. The heat copper tube is a hollow tube, inside of which is easily boiling liquid. The principle of operation of the vacuum tube is as follows.

When the wall of the tube is illuminated by the sun, the sun's rays penetrate into the tube and are absorbed by the selective coating of the inner wall of the bulb. The inner wall of the flask is heated. Heat is transferred to the heat copper pipe. The boiling liquid located in the heat pipe boils and turns into hot steam. Steam rises into the condenser (9), which, when assembling the collector and installing the tube, is inserted into a sleeve welded into the channel for the coolant. The sleeve begins to heat up from a hot condenser. The coolant flowing through the channel washes the sleeves and “removes” heat from them, while heating itself. The cooling steam in the heat pipe condenses, turns into liquid and flows into the pipe.

To ensure a longer period of operation of the system, the inner cavity of the tube, namely, the space around the heat pipe, which is located in the inner cavity of the bulb, the walls of which are surrounded by vacuum, is filled with heat-accumulating substance (8) (for example, aluminum powder). The filling of the inner space of the flask with a heat-accumulating substance is such that the outer surface of the heat copper tube is completely in contact and surrounded by this substance and, at the same time, this substance is completely adjacent to the inner surface of the inner wall of the glass bulb. The task of this substance is to accumulate heat in its mass while the tube is in working condition - illuminated by the sun. The amount of accumulated energy will be determined by the product of the mass of the heat-accumulating substance by its specific heat capacity. After the tube ceases to be illuminated by sunlight and, accordingly, the supply of energy from the outside ceases, the energy accumulated in the heat-accumulating substance will be transmitted through the heat pipe to the coolant, thereby ensuring the operation of the entire system. A diagram of a tube with a heat storage substance is shown in FIG. 2.

The graph (see Fig. 3) shows the temperature change on the condenser of a copper heat pipe depending on the time of day.

Row A - blue - a graph of the temperature of the tube without a heat-accumulating substance.

Row B, C — orange and gray — tubes with different types (material) of storage material.

The tests were carried out with constant recording of temperature changes over several days (from 29.04.16 to 05.02.16).

For reference: May 01, 2016 the sun rose at 4.48 in the morning and set at 20.07 in the evening.

It can be seen from the graph that at the time of sunset the tube without a heat-accumulating substance practically cooled down and stopped “giving out” heat - the temperature on the condenser is about + 45 ° С. But the temperature on the condenser near the tube with the heat accumulator at this moment is (in the best case, a gray graph) about + 139 ° С. At 4 a.m., on a tube without a heat-accumulating substance, the temperature on the condenser is about + 6 ° С, and on the condenser of the tube with a heat accumulator + 60 ° С.

Thus, it can be seen from the graphs that the tube with the heat accumulator maintains its operability even in the absence of sun, which means that it allows the entire solar system to remain operable without the sun for a certain amount of time (determined by the perfection of the composition of the battery material).

To determine the quantitative indicators of the effectiveness of the proposed development, it is enough to determine the area under the temperature curve in the compared time period for, for example, a day. This area will be directly proportional to the energy produced by the copper heat pipe. The calculation suggests that a tube with a heat accumulator is more efficient than a model without a heat storage substance up to 30-40% (depending on the type of material of the storage substance, tube fullness, solar radiation at the considered time).

Claims (2)

1. The tube of the solar collector, made in the form of a glass bulb, which has an outer and inner wall, as well as a central cavity of the bulb formed by the surface of the inner wall, the space between the outer and inner walls being filled with vacuum, and structurally fixed inside the bulb’s central cavity with the help of a tube thermal copper tube, characterized in that the central cavity of the flask around the thermal copper tube without air gaps is filled with heat-accumulating substance, and the tube is fixed in erhney central cavity portion of the glass bulb so that the interior of the central cavity closed with respect to the external environment. 2. The solar collector tube according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat-accumulating substance is aluminum powder.

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