RU170942U1 - PIPELINE DIAGNOSTIC BELLOW SENSOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to pipeline transport and is intended to diagnose the condition of the pipeline. The bellows sensor for diagnosing the condition of the pipeline consists of a sealed housing in which the bellows is vertically placed, to the upper deaf base of which an arm with a magnet is attached. Reed switches are located above and below the magnet. The bellows lower open base hermetically connected to the lower base of the sealed enclosure, the cavity of the sealed enclosure and the bellows are connected by fittings with a controlled pipeline. An adjustable throttle is installed on the fitting connected to the bellows. The technical result is the expansion of functionality, increasing the sensitivity and reliability of the sensor while simplifying its design, the possibility of continuous monitoring of the state of the pipeline, improving the reliability of diagnostics of the state of pipelines. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to pipeline transport and is intended to diagnose the condition of the pipeline. Expands the arsenal of hardware.

A well-known underground communications defect sensor containing a shell, in the lower part of which there is a membrane on which a piezoelectric element pressed against it is located, and a cover connected to the shell, a holder in the form of a tube is built into the cover, at the ends of which electromagnetic antennas spaced apart to the base distance from each other, and the conclusions from electromagnetic antennas and piezoelectric elements are connected to the calculator (Patent RU No. 2408859, IPC G01M 3/24. Sensor for finding a defect in underground communication / S. S. Sergeev (RU). - 200910 6367; Declared February 24, 2009; Published January 10, 2011; Bull. No. 1), which has low sensitivity, due to the fact that signals are received through a layer of soil in which signal attenuation occurs; the inability to monitor the state of the pipeline in automatic mode.

Currently, the place of damage to the pipeline in the form of leakage is determined mainly by the measured pressure drop by technical (electrical) pressure gauges, which, due to the high operating pressure of pumping hydrocarbons, have a high reduced error, as a result of which it is not possible to determine the location of medium or small leaks, as well as those formed at a considerable distance from the installation site of pressure gauges; requires very frequent installation of pressure gauges along the pipeline route, which reduces the effectiveness of leak detection systems [Gumerov A.G., Azmetov H.A., Gumerov R.S., Vekshtein M.G. Disaster recovery of main oil pipelines. - M .: Nedra-Business Center LLC, 1998. - 271 p .; Dughman J.S. Acoustic used to inspect 36-inch natural gas line. Pipe Line Industry. - 1984, 61, No. 2, P. 46-50].

There is also known a pipeline damage sensor containing a membrane with a piezoelectric element fixed on it, the membrane being placed in a blind pipe behind a shut-off element connected to a controlled pipeline and forming two cavities communicating with each other by an adjustable throttle [Patent RU No. 114365 G01M 3/00 // Sensor damage to pipelines // R.G. Sultanov, Ch.A. Yarullin et al., Publ. 03/20/2012; Bull. No. 8], taken as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this sensor is the low amplitude of the output signal of the piezoelectric transducer, which determines the low noise immunity and reliability of the extraction of the useful signal, as a result of which a false detection or absence of detection of leakage from the pipeline is possible, i.e. low reliability of the diagnosis of the state of the pipeline.

Another disadvantage of this device is the membrane sluggishness that occurs over time, a decrease in the flexibility of the membrane due to the influence of the measured medium, aging of the membrane material, which manifests itself in the indicated sensor as a decrease in sensitivity and, ultimately, a decrease in the reliability of diagnostics of possible pipeline damage, as well as the large dimensions of the sensor, due to the size of the membrane itself and selected, to increase the sensitivity of the sensor, significant.

In addition, these sensors can only diagnose damage in the form of leaks, although, along with leaks, during operation often malfunctions occur in the form of blockages and narrowing of the pipe bore, diagnostics of which are carried out using additional sensors, for example flow sensors [A. 1041465 USSR, IPC 65G 53/66. A device for determining the place of formation of a blockage in a pneumatic transport installation [Text] / Shvartsman A.Z .; - No. 3397932/27; declared 02/18/82; publ. 09/15/83; Bull. No. 34].

In order to increase functionality, efficiency, it is advisable to combine the functions of diagnosing both leaks and blockages, which are also often found in pipeline transport, in one sensor for diagnosing the state of the pipeline, preferably without complicating the design.

The objective of the utility model is to expand the functionality, increase the sensitivity and reliability of the sensor while simplifying its design, the possibility of continuous monitoring of the state of the pipeline, increase the reliability of diagnostics of the state of pipelines.

The problem is solved by a bellows pipeline diagnostics sensor consisting of a sealed enclosure, characterized in that the bellows is vertically placed in the sealed enclosure, to which a bracket with a magnet is attached from the outside to the upper upper base, above and under which are reed switches, the bellows is sealed by a lower open base with the lower base of the sealed housing, the cavities of the sealed housing and the bellows are connected by fittings with a controlled pipeline, and on the fitting connected to the bellows om, an adjustable choke.

The principle of operation of the sensor is illustrated in the drawing.

The pressure in the sealed housing 1 and in the bellows 2 during normal operation of the pipeline 3 are the same. If a leak occurs, the pressure in the pipe 3 drops sharply. The presence of a throttle 4 at the inlet to the bellows leads to a delay in the pressure change in the bellows, which leads to the expansion of the bellows, the rise of the magnet 5 and the operation of the reed switch 6 with the generation of an electrical signal. Gradually, the pressure in the bellows and the sealed housing equalize, and the electrical signal of the reed switch signals a leak in the pipeline.

When a blockage occurs, the pressure in the pipe 3 increases, it also increases in the sealed housing 1 connected directly to the pipe 3. The presence of a throttle 4 at the inlet to the bellows 2 leads to a delay in the pressure change in the bellows 2, which leads to compression of the bellows 2 and the magnet approaches 5 to the lower reed switch 7 with the generation of an electrical signal. Then the pressure in the bellows and the sealed housing gradually equalizes, and the electric signal of the reed switch signals a blockage in the pipeline.

Since the reed switch is able to switch significantly higher currents and voltages than are generated by the piezoelectric element, the proposed pipeline diagnostics sensor is more noise-resistant.

Claims (1)

A bellows pipeline diagnostics sensor consisting of a sealed enclosure, characterized in that a bellows is vertically placed in the sealed enclosure, to which a bracket with a magnet is attached externally to a deaf upper base, above and below which are reed switches, the bellows is sealed with a lower open base and a lower the base of the sealed housing, the cavities of the sealed housing and the bellows are connected by fittings to a controlled pipeline, and on the fitting connected to the bellows, the reg adjustable throttle.

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