RU170260U1 - Sound Absorbing Panel Module for Soundproofing Screen - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of road construction, in particular to the creation of noise protection structures for the protection of residential areas located near highways, rail tracks and industrial facilities. The technical result is the improvement of soundproofing properties. The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that the module of the noise-absorbing panel contains a housing with front and rear walls, inside of which is placed a filler designed to absorb the energy of sound waves. The front wall faces the roadway and it has sound traps in the form of recesses: pockets or gutters, the dimensions of which are selected taking into account the length of the absorbed sound wave. In this case, the pocket is formed by a reflecting wall located opposite the last shelf and a side wall connecting the free edges of the reflecting wall with the front wall. The shelf is made of windows connecting the cavity of the pocket with the internal cavity of the housing, and the sound traps are immersed in a sound-absorbing filler that completely fills the module housing. The longitudinal side walls of the module are equipped with tongue and groove elements. 12 s.p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of road construction, in particular to the creation of noise protection structures for the protection of residential areas located near highways, rail tracks and industrial facilities.

Known soundproofing screen, consisting of individual elements placed in the frame. Each element is equipped with a sound-absorbing plate. The front wall is made by a team of separate elongated inclined plates with visors forming slit traps. Visors are intended for reflection and dispersion of a low-frequency noise stream, separation and capture in an active phase of a high-frequency noise stream. In slot traps, the primary suppression of the divided noise stream is carried out and its direction to sound-absorbing plates made of materials with different noise absorption properties (RF patent No. 2176004 according to class E01F 8/00 of November 20, 2001).

The disadvantage of this solution is the lack of direct contact of the sound-absorbing plate with the front wall of the element, the presence of stray volume between them. As a result, the front wall oscillates independently. The resonant air volume can cause vibrations of the front wall and the generation of secondary noise, which reduces the sound absorption efficiency. The implementation of the front wall of the individual plates also reduces the strength of the noise shield.

A known module of a sound-absorbing panel, comprising a housing with front and rear walls, in the inner cavity of which is placed a filler in the form of a sound-absorbing plate. On the front wall in parallel rows are placed sound traps made in the form of stamped grooves with a semicircular wall (patent EP No. 527115 according to class E01F 8/00 of 02/10/1993). The porous sound-absorbing plate, depending on the embodiment, may have direct contact with the rear wall of the housing or not. The front surface of the plate can be covered with various films.

The disadvantage of this solution also lies in the absence of direct contact of the sound-absorbing plate with the front wall, the presence of a parasitic resonant volume between them. The indicated volume can cause vibrations of the front wall, contribute to their amplification, serve as a source of additional noise, which reduces the noise absorption efficiency. In addition, the front wall can begin to resonate under the action of other external exciting forces, becoming a source of secondary noise, and the presence of a semicircular wall at the sound trap prevents the direction of the incident sound wave into the internal cavity of the module, since part of the sound, reflected from the semicircular wall, will not fall into the internal body cavity.

Utility Model Essence

The technical problem solved by the creation of the claimed utility model is to increase the efficiency of sound absorption by making better use of the damping properties of the structure when the front wall and the sound-absorbing filler work together.

The technical result is to improve the noise-proofing properties of the screen by reducing the level of vibrations of the front wall in the frequency range perceived by the human ear, when the front wall is working together with a sound-absorbing filler.

The claimed technical result is ensured by the fact that in the module of the sound-absorbing panel for a noise shield, which comprises a body with a front wall receiving sound waves, a rear wall and side walls, with the formation of an internal cavity of the body bounded by these walls, with a porous sound-absorbing filler placed therein, designed to absorb the energy of sound waves, while in the front wall made sound traps located in parallel rows on the front wall of the housing, according Of a useful model, each sound trap is formed in the form of a recess having a flat reflecting wall recessed inside the housing, directing the incident sound wave into the internal cavity of the housing, connected at an angle to the front wall of the housing and limiting the recess on one side, located opposite the reflecting flat wall shelf connecting the free edge of the reflecting flat wall with the front wall of the housing, and the side walls connecting the free side edges of the reflecting wall and the shelves with the front second wall of the housing, the ledge formed window pocket connecting with the interior cavity of the housing and providing a passage of sound waves into the inner cavity of the body, wherein the sound trap immersed in a sound absorbing filler completely filling the internal cavity of the module housing.

The formation of a sound trap in the form of a recess on the front wall of the housing, having a flat reflecting wall buried inside the housing, directing the incident sound wave into the internal cavity of the housing, connected at an angle to the front wall of the housing and limiting the recess on one side, located opposite the reflecting wall shelf connecting the free the edge of the reflecting wall with the front wall of the housing, and the side walls connecting the free side edges of the reflecting wall and the shelves with the front wall of the housing but that increases the surface area of the front wall, increases the overall stiffness of the front wall. The presence in the shelf of the windows ensures the transmission of sound energy (acoustic vibrations) in the form of a sound wave reflected by a flat inclined wall into the body, where sound energy is absorbed by the sound-absorbing filler. Energy absorption begins immediately at the exit from the window in the shelf, since the filler completely fills the internal cavity of the module housing and sound traps are immersed in this filler. The developed surface of the front wall increases the soundproofing properties. In addition, all the elements of the front wall, including the walls of the recess, are in contact with the sound-absorbing filler, forming a dynamic absorber of the dissipative type, where the wall with the filler works as a single panel, vibrating as a whole. The filler acts as a damping element of a dissipative type. Oscillations (wall vibration) are directly transmitted to the sound-absorbing filler, which absorbs sound vibrations and has a strong damping effect on the front wall, suppressing its vibrations. The degree of penetration of the pocket can vary depending on the required wall stiffness and can be calculated using known dependencies, engineering calculations.

Thus, the given set of essential features provides a solution to the stated technical problem, which consists in the need to increase the noise absorption efficiency by making fuller use of the damping properties of the structure when the front wall and the sound-absorbing filler work together and obtain a technical result provided by the utility model — improving the noise-proofing properties of the screen by reducing the level vibrations of the front wall in the frequency range perceived by the human ear when working together with a sound-absorbing filler.

The essential features of the claimed utility model may be developed.

In the proposed module of the sound-absorbing panel, the recesses are expediently made in the form of separate pockets located on the front wall of the housing.

In addition, in the proposed module of the sound-absorbing panel, the recesses can be made in the form of grooves arranged in parallel rows on the front wall of the housing. Moreover, each of the gutters can extend along the entire front wall of the housing. In addition, the side walls of the gutter can be combined with the side walls of the module casing, and the gutter is equipped with partitions connecting the shelf with an inclined reflective flat wall.

To improve the noise-proofing properties of the screen, it is advisable to orient the shelf with windows parallel to the lower side surface of the module case.

It is also advisable to choose the size of the recesses, taking into account the length of the absorbed sound wave.

The solution to the technical problem is also ensured by the fact that the side opposite walls of the module housing are equipped with tongue-and-groove elements to ensure connection with the adjacent module.

While the elements of the tongue and groove connection can be made in the form of folds.

In addition, it is advisable that the first tongue-and-groove element is made in the form of a groove on one of the side surfaces of the housing, and the second response joint element is made in the form of a spike, the shape of which is consistent with the shape of the groove, and is located on the opposite side wall of this housing, interactions with an adjacent noise shield module. Moreover, the second element of the connection can be made in the form of a straight or trapezoidal spike.

Using the utility model, it is possible to change the frequency of natural vibrations of the front wall and the degree of damping of vibrations (vibrations) of the front wall, changing the way to ensure surface contact of the wall with the filler, the porosity and density of the filler, which provides additional opportunities for effective sound attenuation.

The proposed connection node of two adjacent modules provides direct contact of two adjacent walls of adjacent modules without using any connecting parts, which ensures uniformity of noise attenuation characteristics over the entire area of the noise shield, and also simplifies the installation of the noise shield along the route.

The implementation of the shelves parallel to the lower side surface of the module housing will allow you to properly organize the passage of the reflected sound wave into the housing, minimizing the scattering of sound waves into the surrounding space.

Therefore, all the features included in the utility model formula are significant, because ensure the achievement of the claimed technical result is the improvement of soundproofing properties.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in detail by the drawings, where:

FIG. 1 shows the appearance of a sound-absorbing panel consisting of individual modules;

in FIG. 2 is a general view of a separate module with sound traps made in the form of pockets;

in FIG. 3 shows section AA in FIG. 2 by sound trap - pocket;

in FIG. 4 shows a general view of a separate module with sound traps made in the form of gutters.

In the figures are indicated by numbers:

1 - guide groove of the frame of the sound-absorbing panel;

2 - module sound-absorbing panel;

3 - an element of a soundproof panel sound-reflecting optically transparent;

4 - tongue of the tongue-and-groove connection of the module of the sound-absorbing panel;

5 - groove grooved connection module sound-absorbing panel;

6 - sound trap - pocket module sound-absorbing panel;

7 - the back wall of the housing of the module of the sound-absorbing panel;

8 - sound-absorbing filler;

9 - inclined reflective flat wall of the gutter / pocket;

10 - shelf gutter / pocket;

11 - windows made in a shelf;

12 - the front wall of the housing of the module of the sound-absorbing panel;

13 - sound trap - trough module sound-absorbing panel;

14 - groove tongue-and-groove connection made on the upper lateral longitudinal wall of the module;

15 is a groove of the tongue-and-groove connection made on the lower side longitudinal wall of the module.

Utility Model Implementation Example

The sound-absorbing panel comprises a frame with guide grooves 1 made in the form of an I-beam, in which modules 2 of the sound-absorbing panel are placed. In the same grooves 1 can be placed transparent sound-reflecting elements 3.

The set of sound-absorbing modules 2 and sound-reflecting elements 3 and their relative position in the sound-absorbing panel may be different. The number of modules 2 and elements 3 and their relative position is determined by the installation location of the noise screen and the required characteristics.

Each module 2 of the sound-absorbing panel for the noise shield is provided with longitudinal tongue-and-groove elements located on the lateral longitudinal walls. The tongue and groove elements are made in the form of a spike 4 and a groove 5 (see Fig. 2). The mounting spike 4 is located on the upper lateral longitudinal wall of the module 2, and on the opposite - lower side wall of the module 2 a longitudinal groove 5 is made. The shape of the mounting groove 5 is consistent with the shape of the spike 4 of the adjacent panel module 2. The spike 4 can be made straight or trapezoidal. Module 2 is equipped with sound traps located in parallel rows. Each sound trap is made in the form of a pocket 6 (see Fig. 3), facing the roadway (or other noise source).

The internal cavity of the module 2 housing is filled with a porous filler 8, designed to absorb the energy of sound waves (acoustic vibrations). At the same time, sound-absorbing filler 8 is placed inside the housing so that it fills its entire internal volume, limited by the side and end walls of module 2 (see Fig. 2), back wall 7 and front wall 12, in which pockets 6 are formed, formed by an inclined reflective plane wall 9 and shelf 10 (see Fig. 3). Windows 11 are made in the shelf 10. The free edges of the reflecting flat wall 9 and the shelves 10 are connected by the side walls of the pocket to the front wall 12 with the formation of a sound trap cavity.

The formation of a sound trap in the form of a pocket on the front wall of the housing, having a reflecting wall buried inside the housing, directing the incident sound wave into the internal cavity of the housing, mounted at an angle to the front wall of the housing and limiting a pocket on one side, a shelf and side walls opposite the reflecting wall, connecting the free edges of the reflecting wall with the front wall, increases the surface area of the front wall, increases the overall rigidity of the front wall. The presence in the shelf 10 of the windows 11 provides the transmission of sound energy (acoustic vibrations) in the form of a sound wave reflected by an inclined wall into the housing, where sound energy is absorbed by the sound-absorbing filler. Energy absorption begins immediately at the exit from the window 11 in the shelf 10, since the filler 8 completely fills the internal cavity of the module housing and the entire pocket, including the shelf, is recessed into this filler. The developed surface of the front wall 12 increases the soundproofing properties. In addition, all elements of the front wall, including the walls of the pocket, are in contact with the sound-absorbing filler, forming a dynamic absorber of the dissipative type, where the wall with the filler works as a single panel, vibrating as a whole. Filler 8 acts as a damping element of a dissipative type. Oscillations (wall vibration) are directly transmitted to the sound-absorbing filler, which absorbs sound vibrations and has a strong damping effect on the front wall, suppressing its vibrations. The degree of penetration of the pocket 6 may vary depending on the required stiffness of the wall and can be calculated using known dependencies, engineering calculations.

Sound traps formed in the form of pockets 6 are immersed in a porous filler 8 that completely fills the internal cavity of the module housing 2. The porosity of the filler 8 is selected based on the necessary degree of sound attenuation and ensuring the calculated frequency of natural vibrations of the front wall 12 in contact with the porous filler 8. In addition to Moreover, the natural frequency of the front wall 12 and the level of dissipation of acoustic energy during the joint vibration of the front wall and the filler can be changed by Changes method of providing surface contact of the front wall 12 and / or rear wall 7 with a porous filler 8. For example, surface contact of filler 8 with the front wall 12 may be provided with adhesive. In the case of using a curable adhesive, a rigid connection of the filler 8 and the wall 12 is ensured. If the adhesive does not cure, the obtained frequency characteristics may be different. The calculation of the frequency of natural oscillations is carried out on the basis of known physical laws or the damping properties can be verified by conducting appropriate acoustic tests.

The formation of a sound trap in the form of a pocket 6 on the front wall 12 of the housing, having a recessed inclined flat wall 9 embedded in the housing, a shelf 10 and bounded by the side walls (not shown in FIG. 3), increases the contact surface area of the front wall 12, increases the overall stiffness of the front the walls. The developed surface of the front wall 12 provides better soundproofing properties. In addition, the front wall 12 in conjunction with the sound-absorbing filler 8, which performs the function of additional mass, forms a dynamic absorber of the dissipative type (see, for example, http://know.alnam.ru/book_vb6.php?id=59). Filler 8 acts as a damping element of a dissipative type. Oscillations (wall vibration) are directly transmitted to the sound-absorbing filler, which absorbs sound vibrations and has a strong damping effect on the front wall 12, absorbing its vibrations. The degree of penetration of the pocket can vary depending on the required stiffness of the wall and can be calculated using known dependencies.

If it is necessary to increase the efficiency of sound attenuation, the dimensions of the pocket 6 are made taking into account the length of the absorbed sound wave.

The wavelength can be taken into account when choosing geometric parameters, for example, as for slotted resonance absorbers, the design of which is based on the well-known property of the Helmholtz resonator to perform low-frequency eigenoscillations, the wavelength of which is much larger than the dimensions of the resonator itself. The procedure for calculating the resonant frequency and geometric parameters is clear to the specialist. One of the approaches for such calculations is given in the publication (http://www.acoustic.ua/recommendations/567).

If necessary, sound traps - recesses can be made in the form of grooves 13 (Fig. 4) located in parallel rows on the front wall 12 of the housing. Moreover, each of the grooves 13 may have a certain, predetermined size or may be made along the entire length of the housing of the sound-absorbing module. In addition, the side walls of the groove can be combined with the side walls of the module housing, and the groove 13 can be equipped with partitions (not shown) connecting the shelf 10 with an inclined reflective flat wall 9.

As in the first example implementation of the utility model, the shelf 10 can be placed parallel to the lower side surface of the module housing. This orientation of the shelf 10 will allow you to properly organize the passage of the reflected sound wave into the housing, minimizing the scattering of sound waves into the surrounding space.

In FIG. 4 also shows an embodiment of the tongue and groove elements in the form of folds 14, 15 located on the upper and lower lateral longitudinal walls of the module, respectively.

The described device operates as follows. The sound-absorbing panel is composed of many modules 2 and 3, the end surfaces of which are included in the grooves 1 of the frame. In this case, the longitudinal spikes 4 enter the grooves 5 of the adjacent module 2, creating a rigid, reliable and easily disassembled design.

The noise from the source, in the form of a set of sound waves, colliding with an obstacle in the form of a sound-absorbing panel, is transformed by the front wall into mechanical vibrations and absorbed by the porous filler 8. In addition, the noise is absorbed directly by the porous filler. The noise reduction process can be described as follows.

The sound wave, falling into the sound trap, is reflected from the inclined surface of the reflecting flat wall 9 of the pocket 6. The reflected wave enters the shelf 10. Through the windows 11 made in it, the reflected sound wave is redirected to the body cavity with a filler 8 that absorbs wave energy.

The developed surface of the front wall 12 can improve the efficiency of capture of sound waves.

The noise absorption efficiency is also ensured by using the principle of dynamic vibration damping (see http://know.alnam.ru/book_vb6.php?id=59), which in this case is realized by attaching a damping element of a dissipative type - porous to the front wall 12 filler 8. The frequency of natural vibrations of the front wall also depends on the properties of the surface contact, the magnitude of internal losses in the contact zone, etc.

To ensure greater efficiency, the pockets 6 are made with dimensions corresponding to the length of the absorbed sound wave (taking into account the wavelength), which contributes to the additional absorption of wave energy due to interference. Depending on the needs, one or another wavelength range can be selected, which must be suppressed most effectively. The dimensions of the pockets may be uneven on the surface of the front wall of the housing and may form gradient-oriented areas.

The degree of penetration of the pockets 6 may vary depending on the required stiffness of the wall and is modeled using known dependencies. Moreover, the angle of inclination of the shelf 10 to the reflecting flat wall 9 may be such that it is located, for example, in a plane parallel to the plane of the roadway, which protects the filler from degradation under the influence of solar radiation, and from moisture and dirt. This embodiment of the angle of inclination of the shelf provides an additional increase in the efficiency of sound absorption, which remains almost constant in time.

The shape of the pockets 8 is such that there are no inaccessible cavities in which dirt and moisture can accumulate. In this case, the effect of the wind blows out of pockets 8 even what could settle on its surfaces. Access to cleaning devices during maintenance is also open and does not require disassembling the element 2. Moreover, the panel can be easily and quickly disassembled for maintenance and subsequent reassembly without compromising the strength properties of the product.

In addition, elements 2 with different pocket parameters can be easily selected for special noise reduction zones or for expanding the spectrum of the muffled sound and alternating them with transparent elements 3 in different sequences. The module housing may be made of metal or composite material. The use of a composite (composite material) instead of metal ensures that there is no cost to restore the color of the noise shield. Plastic has anti-vandal properties (it does not allow inscriptions and drawings).

Claims (13)

1. The module is a sound-absorbing panel for a noise shield, comprising a housing with a front wall that accepts sound waves, a rear wall and side walls, with the formation of an internal cavity of the housing bounded by these walls, in which a porous sound-absorbing filler is placed to absorb the energy of sound waves, when this in the front wall is made of sound traps located in rows on the front wall of the housing, characterized in that each sound trap is formed in the form of a recess having about a flat reflecting wall buried inside the housing, directing the incident sound wave into the internal cavity of the housing, connected at an angle to the front wall of the housing and delimiting a recess on one side, a shelf opposite the reflecting flat wall connecting the free edge of the reflecting wall with the front wall of the housing, and the side the walls connecting the free lateral edges of the reflecting flat wall and the shelves with the front wall of the housing; the windows are made in the shelf, connecting the cavity of the pocket with the inner minutes body cavity and ensuring the passage of sound waves into the inner cavity of the body, wherein the sound trap immersed in a sound absorbing filler completely filling the internal cavity of the module housing. 2. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the recesses are made in the form of separate pockets located on the front wall of the housing. 3. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the recesses are made in the form of grooves arranged in parallel rows on the front wall of the housing. 4. The module according to claim 3, characterized in that each of the gutters extends along the entire front wall of the housing. 5. The module according to claim 4, characterized in that the side walls of the trough are aligned with the side walls of the module housing. 6. The module according to claim 4, characterized in that the gutter is equipped with partitions connecting the shelf with an inclined reflective flat wall. 7. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the shelf with windows is parallel to the lower side surface of the module housing. 8. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the dimensions of the recesses are selected taking into account the length of the absorbed sound wave. 9. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the side opposite walls of the module housing are equipped with tongue-and-groove elements to ensure connection with an adjacent module. 10. The module according to claim 9, characterized in that the tongue and groove elements are made in the form of folds. 11. The module according to claim 9, characterized in that the first tongue-and-groove element is made in the form of a groove on one of the side surfaces of the housing, and the second response joint element is made in the form of a spike, the shape of which is consistent with the shape of the groove, and is located on the opposite side wall this housing with the ability to interact with an adjacent module of the noise shield. 12. The module according to claim 11, characterized in that the second connection element is made in the form of a direct spike. 13. The module according to claim 11, characterized in that the second connection element is made in the form of a trapezoidal spike.

Images