RU169594U1 - UNIVERSAL ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE FOR MELTING OXIDE MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the refractory industry, namely, to the design of electric arc furnaces for smelting various oxide materials and to obtain fused materials that are used to produce refractory products. The design features of a universal electric arc furnace are that it consists of a short network, electric holders with a movement mechanism mounted on a platform made in the form of a horseshoe, which can be rotated around the axis by an angle of 15-35 degrees due to the tilt mechanism, which has devices for mounting a removable bath with a vault for draining the melt into the molds and at the same time having devices for fastening the arch of the furnace when using the bath for melting on the block. The range of obtained oxide refractory materials is expanding significantly, the productivity of the smelting process is increasing, and operating and energy costs are being reduced. 3 of FIG.

Description

The utility model relates to the refractory industry, namely, to the design of electric arc furnaces for smelting various oxide materials and to obtain fused materials that are used to produce refractory products.

Two methods of melting oxide materials are distinguished, depending on the thermophysical properties of oxide materials: melting per block and melting to drain. So, especially refractory oxide materials based on magnesium oxide (magnesite, brucite, chemically enriched magnesium oxide) are melted in electric arc furnaces only by the block method, and refractory oxide materials based on aluminum oxide (alumina, bauxite, aluminum-magnesia spinel, alloyed corundum) are melted electric arc furnaces by discharge method.

Known electric arc furnaces for melting by the method on the block: for example, from the textbook Nikolsky L.E. "Industrial installations for electric arc heating and their parameters" (M .: "Energy", 1971, pp. 123-124, 145-146) [1], the magazine "Refractories" (1988, No. 7, p. 31-35) [2], patent RU 2068534, F27B 3/10, 1996 [3].

Melting on the block is carried out periodically, crystallization of the product is carried out directly in the furnace. After the accumulation of crystallized melt, the furnace is turned off, cooled, and the ingot breaks.

The design of such furnaces is mobile and consists of: a furnace transformer, a short network, electric holders with a movement mechanism installed at the zero mark - the floor, the roof of the furnace fixed on the technological platform, and a bath mounted on a trolley, with the possibility of rolling out and rolling under the roof of the furnace .

The melting method per block allows you to get only a certain number of oxide materials based on magnesium oxide.

This method is inefficient, primarily due to the large losses during crushing due to the formation of a large number of substandard small things, as well as significant labor and energy costs.

Known electric arc furnaces for melting by the method of discharge: for example, from the directory Sokolova A.N. et al. “Fused refractory oxides” (M .: Metallurgy, 1988, pp. 31-34, 77-82) [4], patent RU 2326318, F27B 3/10, 2008 [5], consisting of: furnace a transformer, a short network, electric holders equipped with a moving mechanism mounted on a shelf welded to the body of the bathtub, on which a vault is mounted, which can be rotated around the axis by an angle of 15-35 degrees due to the tilt mechanism to drain the melt into the molds.

With this method of melting, the materials are continuously melted in the furnace, and the resulting melt is periodically released into the molds, where it crystallizes in the form of ingots of various masses.

These electric arc furnaces allow melting by draining only refractory materials based on aluminum oxide.

To obtain a wider range of fused oxide materials (both based on magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide), it is necessary to install two different electric arc furnaces: one designed for melting highly refractory materials on a block, the second for melting refractory materials by a drain method, which requires double capital costs. In addition, the installation of a group of furnaces implies the presence of significant production areas, as well as the cost of energy supply and maintenance of each of the furnaces.

The objective of the utility model is to eliminate these drawbacks by combining the two above-described methods of melting refractory materials in a single furnace space during one heating cycle by creating a design of a high-performance universal electric arc furnace, oriented to both block and drain melting, reducing operational and energy costs.

The technical result is to expand the range of obtained refractory fused materials, increase the productivity of the smelting process, reduce operating and energy costs. To solve the problem and achieve a technical result, according to the utility model, a universal electric arc furnace consists of: a short network, electric holders with a moving mechanism installed on the site, made in the form of a horseshoe, with the ability to rotate around the axis by an angle of 15-35 degrees due to the tilt mechanism and having holes for attaching a removable bath for draining the melt into the molds and at the same time having holes for attaching the roof of the furnace with risers.

The essence of the utility model is that when melting refractory materials based on aluminum oxide, a bath is used for melting to drain, and if it is necessary to produce products from especially refractory materials based on magnesium oxide, a bath is used to melt onto the block.

The utility model is illustrated by an example of a universal furnace for melting a wide range of oxide materials, a general view of which without bathtubs is shown in figure No. 1, with a bathtub for draining - in figure No. 2 and with a bathtub for a block - in figure No. 3. The furnace transformer is not shown in the figures.

The inventive universal furnace contains: a short network (partially shown) - 1; electric holders with electrodes - 2; mechanism for moving electric holders - 3; horseshoe-shaped platform - 4; bearings of rotation of a horseshoe-shaped platform - 5; hydraulic tilt mechanism - 6, mounting holes - 7; interchangeable bath for melting to the drain - 8; the arch of the bath to drain - 9; replaceable bath for melting on the block - 10; the arch of the bath on the block with racks - 11

Universal electric arc furnace operates as follows. If necessary, the smelting of refractory materials based on aluminum oxide by the method of discharge using a crane-beam on a horseshoe-shaped platform 4 is installed and fixed in the holes 7 bath for melting to drain 8 with a vault 9, which produce materials based on aluminum oxide. Periodically, using a hydraulic tilt mechanism 6, the horseshoe-shaped platform 4 is tilted and the melt is drained into the mold.

For melting on a block of particularly refractory materials based on magnesium oxide, using a crane beam from a horseshoe-shaped platform 4, remove the melting bath to drain 8 and arch 9 and set the arch with racks 11, move the bathtub for melting to block 10 on a trolley to a horseshoe-shaped platform 4 , lower arch 11 to the melting bath to block 10 and carry out melting of the material until the bath is filled, then turn off the furnace, raise the electric holders with electrodes 2 and arch 11, roll the bath 10 from the horseshoe-shaped platform 4 for cooling, using a crane beam onto the railsput the cart with another removable bath 10, move it to a horseshoe-shaped platform 4 and repeat the next melting work cycle on the block.

As practice has shown, the proposed design of a universal electric arc furnace can significantly expand the range of oxide refractory materials obtained, increase the productivity of the smelting process, reduce operating and energy costs and solve the problem.

Information sources:

1. Industrial installations for electric arc heating and their parameters. Under the total. ed. L.E. Nikolsky. M: “Energy”. 1971. - p. 123-124, 145-146 [1];

2. The journal "Refractories", 1988, No. 7, p. 31-35 [2];

3. Patent RU No. 2068534 F27B 3/10, 1996 [3];

4. Fused refractory oxides. / Sokolov A.N., Ashimov U.B., Bolotov A.V. et al. - M.: Metallurgy. 1988 .-- 232 p. C. 31-34, 77-82 [4];

5. Patent RU No. 2326318 F27B 3/10, 2008 [5].

Claims (1)

An electric arc furnace for melting oxide refractory materials containing a short network and electrode holders with a mechanism for moving them, characterized in that it is provided with removable melting baths for draining with a vault and a melting bath for a block with a vault and racks and a horseshoe-shaped platform made with the possibility of fixing on it arches of the mentioned removable bathtubs and electrode holders with a mechanism for moving them, while the platform is equipped with a hydraulic tilt mechanism at an angle of 15-35 degrees to drain the spread Islands in the mold.

Images