RU163799U1 - WELL OIL PIPELINE WITH PROTECTIVE HEAT INSULATION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The well of the pipeline with protective thermal insulation, comprising a hollow body mounted on the pipeline, divided by a heat-insulated partition into a lower compartment adjacent to the pipeline, and an upper compartment located above the lower compartment; supply and exhaust ventilation pipes communicating the interior of the upper compartment with the atmosphere; a heat-insulated exhaust vent pipe with a deflector that communicates the interior of the lower compartment with the atmosphere, while the heat-insulated partition is a continuous collapsible structure of steel sheets with thermal insulation of the lower surfaces, while the steel sheets have a thickness that prevents the destruction of thermal insulation during the work of personnel, while thermally insulated partition is equipped with removable hatch hatches that are thermally insulated from the bottom with quick access sensors installed at nefteprovode.2. A well according to claim 1, characterized in that as a thermal insulation of the lower surfaces of the steel sheets, a layer or plates of polyurethane foam, roll insulation of foamed rubber with aluminum coating or a plate of foam glass can be used. 3. The well according to claim 1, characterized in that thermal insulation shells made of foam glass with fastening to each other with adhesive PC 88 ADHESIVE mastic can be used as thermal insulation of a thermally insulated exhaust ventilation pipe. The well according to claim 1, characterized in that a round ventilation deflector made of galvanized steel for air ducts or a Hanzhonkov deflector can be used as a deflector. 5. The well under item 1, characterized in that

Description

The utility model relates to pipeline equipment, namely, to wells installed on process and trunk oil pipelines, for the placement of instrumentation (Instrumentation).

The design of wells with instrumentation provides for the possibility of installing various measuring instruments inside it, for example:

manometric pressure selection column with gate valve, separation vessel, gauge and gauge for overpressure;

signaling device for cleaning and diagnostics;

liquid level indicator in the well;

unauthorized access sensors;

overhead ultrasonic flow sensors;

temperature sensor and other devices.

For normal operation of the measuring equipment, conditions are necessary that exclude corrosion and ice formation inside the well.

During the operation of wells with instrumentation at the facilities of the linear part of the East Siberia – Pacific Ocean pipeline system in cold climatic conditions, when oil passes through the main pipelines at a positive temperature, air is heated in the lower part of the well. In this case, the relative humidity of the surrounding air does not change, but the absolute humidity in the warmer layer near the pipeline grows due to the fact that with increasing temperature the maximum possible amount of water that can be contained in it increases.

During isobaric cooling of air with a constant concentration of steam, there comes a moment (dew point) when the steam is saturated and the excess steam condenses in the form of fog or ice crystals.

Thus, as a result of heat exchange of air heated by oil with the environment, the excess moisture contained in the air condenses, followed by its freezing on the inner surfaces of the ventilation pipes and the inner volume of the well. The process of ice formation can be accompanied by damage to instrumentation equipment, including falling pieces of ice.

The likelihood of dangerous ice formation and increased corrosion as a result of melting ice increases with the inevitable partial loss of tightness of the mounting fasteners when the groundwater well enters the space.

The prior art well for access to pipeline equipment (patent RU 141984, class F17D 5/00, publ. 06/20/2014).

The well for monitoring the equipment of the pipeline contains a hollow body, a cable entry and a tight inspection hatch, which is hermetically connected to the cavity of the body. The housing is equipped with a nozzle with a hollow cover fixed to it. Inside the indicated cover is the observed equipment. The inspection hatch is located on the side wall of this cover and is closed by a protective cover.

The disadvantage of the device is the complexity of the applied sealing devices. In the event of their violation and the penetration of groundwater into the well, the equipment may fail due to increased corrosion. In addition, in cold climates, the hardware will be subject to intense ice formation.

The well is also known from the prior art for monitoring the operation of the pipeline and its equipment (patent RU 62207, class F17D 5/00, publ. 03/27/2007). The well, designed to monitor the operation of the pipeline and its equipment, is mounted on an existing oil pipeline to accommodate instrumentation and automation of the pipeline.

A single hollow well body with two openings and a cover is connected to the existing oil pipeline using a half coupling and a half ring and is equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation.

The main disadvantage of the known device is the low reliability of the operation of instrumentation and automation of the oil pipeline in conditions of low outdoor temperatures with a partial loss of tightness of the underground mounting fixtures and getting into the working space of groundwater. Inevitable under these conditions, ice formation and increased corrosion during melting ice can cause instrument failures.

The objective of the utility model is to protect the internal surfaces and equipment of the well from the process of ice formation.

The technical result consists in increasing the reliability of the operation of wells with instrumentation of oil pipelines in conditions of low outdoor temperatures with a partial loss of tightness of the underground mounting fixtures with the ingress of groundwater into the working space.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that the well of the oil pipeline with protective thermal insulation contains a hollow body mounted on the pipeline, divided by a heat-insulated partition into the lower compartment adjacent to the pipeline and the upper compartment located above the lower compartment; supply and exhaust ventilation pipes communicating the interior of the upper compartment with the atmosphere; a heat-insulated exhaust vent pipe with a deflector that communicates the interior of the lower compartment with the atmosphere, while the heat-insulated partition is a continuous collapsible structure of steel sheets with thermal insulation of the lower surfaces, while the steel sheets have a thickness that prevents the destruction of thermal insulation during the work of personnel, while thermally insulated partition is equipped with removable hatch hatches that are thermally insulated from the bottom with quick access sensors installed on the pipeline.

As a thermal insulation of the lower surfaces of steel steel sheets, a layer or plates made of polyurethane foam, roll insulation made of foam rubber with aluminum coating or a plate made of foam glass can be used, and thermal insulation shells made of foam glass with an adhesive attached to each other can be used as thermal insulation of a heat-insulated exhaust ventilation pipe PC 88 ADHESIVE mastic.

As a deflector, a round ventilation deflector made of galvanized steel for air ducts can be used.

Steel sheets are made with unilateral lentil or diamond-shaped corrugation.

In FIG. the proposed well of the oil pipeline with protective thermal insulation is presented, where it is indicated:

1 - oil pipeline;

2 - well body;

3 - upper compartment;

4 - lower compartment;

5 - insulated partition;

6 - supply ventilation pipe;

7 - exhaust ventilation pipe;

8 - thermally insulated exhaust ventilation pipe;

9 - deflector;

10 - thermal insulation.

The novelty of the utility model is the difference between the principle of protective thermal insulation of a well and the protection applied in the considered analogues.

In the proposed technical solution, there is not a decrease in the heat exchange rate of the internal moist air of the lower compartment 4 with the environment, but the inner space of the well body 2 is divided into two thermodynamically independent compartments with a thermally insulated partition 5. The lower compartment 4 adjacent to the main pipeline is equipped with a heat-insulated exhaust ventilation pipe 8 with a deflector 9, which eliminates the possibility of direct interaction of heated moist air nor he upper compartment with cool air.

A feature of the utility model is the protection of the inner surfaces of the walls and the neck of the well of the ice formation process, which may be accompanied by damage to the instrumentation by falling pieces of ice, and later on when the ice melts by corrosion of the instrumentation.

The heat-insulated partition 5 is designed to separate the internal space of the hollow body 2 of the well into the lower compartment 4, adjacent to the oil pipeline 1 and the upper compartment, located above the lower compartment. According to air humidity, conditionally the lower compartment 4 can be considered “wet”, and the upper compartment 3 “dry”.

The heat-insulated partition 5 is a continuous collapsible design of steel sheets, the lower surfaces of which are coated with thermal insulation 10.

The heat-insulated partition 5 is equipped with removable hinged hatches (not shown in Fig.) That are thermally insulated from the bottom, with the possibility of quick access to sensors (not shown in Fig.) Installed on the oil pipeline 1.

The heat-insulated partition 5 also serves as a platform for personnel to service instrumentation equipment. The thickness of the metal sheets for the manufacture of the site should provide the necessary rigidity to prevent the destruction of the thermal insulation 10 applied to the lower surface of the steel sheets. In addition, for the convenience of moving personnel and preventing injuries, steel sheets are made with lentil or diamond-shaped corrugations.

Therefore, for a thermally insulated partition 5, steel sheets with one-sided rhombic and lentil corrugation with a thickness of at least 6 mm are used, for example, lentils (or rhombus) VK-PU-3,0x1000 St3sp GOST 8568-77.

As thermal insulation of the 10 lower surfaces of steel sheets, spraying of a layer of polyurethane foam or gluing of rolled insulation made of foam rubber with aluminum coating or fastening of plates made of polyurethane foam or foam glass can be used.

A heat-insulated exhaust vent pipe 8 with a deflector 9 is designed to remove moist air heated by oil from the “wet” compartment without interacting with less heated air in the “dry” compartment.

In addition to the heat-insulated exhaust ventilation pipe, the well is equipped with a supply ventilation pipe 6 and exhaust ventilation pipe 7, communicating the interior of the upper compartment 3 with the atmosphere.

As thermal insulation 10 of a heat-insulated exhaust ventilation pipe to prevent condensation of water vapor, heat-insulating foamglass shells can be used with PC 88 ADHESIVE adhesive bonded to each other.

The deflector 9 can be a round ventilation deflector made of galvanized steel for air ducts with a diameter of 100 mm of a typical series 1492-32 or a Hanzhonkov deflector.

The operation of the device.

In conditions of negative outside air temperatures when air with a positive temperature passes through pipeline 1, air is heated in the lower compartment 4 of the well. In addition, this air has a high humidity due to the inevitable partial loss of tightness of the underground mounting fixtures and the ingress of groundwater into the working space.

Due to the fact that the air temperature in the lower compartment 4 is higher, and the density of moist air is lower than in the upper compartment 3, the draft in the heat-insulated exhaust ventilation pipe 8 will be higher than the exhaust ventilation pipe 7, which means that the air pressure in the lower compartment 4 is lower, than in the upper compartment 3.

This physical effect will ensure the suction of dry air from the upper compartment 3 to the lower compartment 4 of the well, thereby preventing the entry of more moist air in the upper compartment 3. This eliminates the conditions for ice formation in the upper compartment 3 and avoids the need for increased tightness of the insulated partition 5, since humid air is locked in the "wet" compartment by back pressure through leaks in a collapsible ceiling design. This is especially important due to the presence of technological holes for the output of cables and impulse tubes through a heat-insulated partition 5, the absolute sealing of which is practically impossible.

In the cold season, through the supply ventilation pipe 6, drier outside air from the atmosphere will enter the upper compartment 3, and warm moist air from the lower compartment 4 will exit through the heat-insulated ventilation exhaust pipe 8, to which a deflector is attached to the top to increase draft 9.

A prototype oil well with protective thermal insulation passed test tests in two places with different hydrogeological conditions at outdoor temperatures of minus 21 ° С and minus 24 ° С with relative humidity of 61% and 70%, respectively, at which there was a complete absence of freezing on the inner surfaces of the upper well compartment.

The proposed technical solution eliminates ice formation of the inner surfaces of the upper compartment of the well, which increases the reliability of the operation of wells with instrumentation of oil pipelines in conditions of low outdoor temperatures with a partial loss of tightness of the underground mounting fixtures with groundwater entering the working space.

Claims (5)

1. The well of the pipeline with protective thermal insulation, comprising a hollow body mounted on the pipeline, divided by a heat-insulated partition into a lower compartment adjacent to the pipeline, and an upper compartment located above the lower compartment; supply and exhaust ventilation pipes communicating the interior of the upper compartment with the atmosphere; a heat-insulated exhaust vent pipe with a deflector that communicates the interior of the lower compartment with the atmosphere, while the heat-insulated partition is a continuous collapsible structure of steel sheets with thermal insulation of the lower surfaces, while the steel sheets have a thickness that prevents the destruction of thermal insulation during the work of personnel, while thermally insulated partition is equipped with removable hatch hatches that are thermally insulated from the bottom with quick access sensors installed on the pipeline. 2. The well according to claim 1, characterized in that as a thermal insulation of the lower surfaces of the steel sheets, a layer or plates of polyurethane foam, roll insulation of foamed rubber with aluminum coating or a plate of foam glass can be used. 3. The well according to claim 1, characterized in that thermal insulation shells made of foam glass with fastening to each other with adhesive PC 88 ADHESIVE mastic can be used as thermal insulation of a thermally insulated exhaust ventilation pipe. 4. The well according to claim 1, characterized in that a round ventilation deflector made of galvanized steel for air ducts or a Hanzhonkov deflector can be used as a deflector. 5. The well according to claim 1, characterized in that the steel sheets are made with unilateral lentil or diamond-shaped corrugation.

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