RU160858U1 - SUPER HIGH FREQUENCY PHASE ROTARY - Google Patents

Abstract

Microwave phase shifter containing a ferrite rod located along the axis of a segment of a rectangular waveguide, a microwave microwave energy control system with ferrite magnetic circuits, characterized in that the dimensions of the sides of the rectangular waveguide are selected from the condition that a / b = 1.18 -1.22, and the aspect ratio of the rectangular ferrite rod with the dimensions of the sides of the segment of the rectangular waveguide from the condition that a / a = 1.86-1.93, b / b = 1.49-1.55, and the length of the rectangular ferrite rod, the coercive force of which 1.2-1.3 times below the coercive force of the ferrite magnetic circuits of the microwave microwave magnetic control system, λ is selected from the condition (1.6-3.4), and the contact surfaces of the ferrite core and magnetic circuits forming a closed magnetic circuit of the microwave microwave energy control system are polished, where λ - wavelength in free space; a is the size of the wide wall of a rectangular waveguide; a - the size of the wide wall of the ferrite core; b is the size of the narrow wall of a rectangular waveguide; b - the size of the narrow wall of the ferrite core.

Description

The utility model relates to microwave radio engineering, is intended to control the magnitude of the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave in waveguide transmission lines, and can be used mainly in the construction of systems with electric beam scanning. The famous "Microwave phase shifter" [RU 148916, publ. December 20, 2014 IPC H01P 1/00], comprising a housing in the form of a segment of a transcendent rectangular waveguide, a ferrite core installed along the axis of the housing, a magnetic microwave energy field control system, two dielectric plates located on the surfaces of the ferrite core parallel to the narrow walls of the housing characterized in that the casing is made of a dielectric material with a dielectric constant of not more than 3.5, on the external surfaces of which a metal layer with a resistivity of (0.05 ÷ 0.15) Ohm · mm ² / m and a thickness of 2-3 times the thickness of the skin layer in the metal layer at the working frequency of the phase shifter.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed technical solution is "Microwave phase shifter" [RU 2207666 C1, publ. 06/27/2003, IPC H01P 1/195], containing a ferrite rod installed along the axis of the segment of the transverse rectangular waveguide, a magnetic system for controlling the microwave energy field, as well as two dielectric plates with a dielectric constant ranging from 1.5 to 1, 9 from the dielectric constant of ferrite are located on the surfaces of the ferrite rod parallel to the narrow walls of the waveguide, and the plate thickness is selected from the ratio of 0.4≤2t _k / t _f ≤0.7 where t _k is the thickness of the dielectric plates; t _f - the thickness of the ferrite core. The microwave frequency shifter can be designed so that two dielectric plates with a dielectric constant ranging from 1.0 to 1.6 of the dielectric constant of ferrite can be located on the surfaces of the ferrite core parallel to the wide walls of the waveguide. The thickness of the plates is selected from the ratio of 0.27≤2h _k / h _f ≤0.5, where h _k is the thickness of the dielectric plates; h _f - the height of the ferrite core. In addition, the microwave frequency shifter may contain n dielectric plates, where n = 1 ÷ 4, with a dielectric constant in the range from 0.5 to 1.0 of the dielectric constant of ferrite, and are located on one or two wide walls of the waveguide.

The disadvantages of the known devices are the low phase shift stability and its unevenness at the edges of the working frequency band in the temperature range from -50 ° C to + 70 ° C, due to technological variations in the parameters of materials of complex ferrite-dielectric filling of a segment of a rectangular waveguide of a microwave frequency shifter.

The objective of the proposed microwave phase shifter is to improve its technical characteristics in the range of operating frequencies and temperatures.

The technical result of the proposed microwave phase shifter is to increase the stability of the phase shift and reduce the unevenness of its characteristics at the edges of the working frequency band in the temperature range from -50 ° C to + 70 ° C.

The essence of the proposed microwave phase shifter is that it contains a ferrite rod located along the axis of a segment of a rectangular waveguide, a magnetic microwave energy control system with ferrite magnetic circuits.

New in the claimed utility model is the choice of the sizes of the sides of a rectangular waveguide from the condition that a / b = 1.18-1.22, with the ratio of the sizes of the sides of a rectangular ferrite rod with the dimensions of the sides of a segment of a rectangular waveguide a / a ¹ = 1.86-1 , 93, b / b ¹ = 1.49-1.55. The length of the rectangular ferrite rod, the coercive force of which is (1.2-1.3) times lower than the coercive force of the ferrite magnetic circuits of the microwave microwave magnetic control system, is selected from the condition (1.6-3.4) λ ₀ . In this case, the contact surfaces of the ferrite rod and the magnetic circuits forming a closed magnetic circuit of the magnetic microwave energy control system are polished, where

where λ ₀ is the wavelength in free space;

a is the size of the wide wall of a rectangular waveguide;

a ¹ - the width of the ferrite rod of rectangular cross section;

b is the size of the narrow wall of a rectangular waveguide;

b ¹ - the height of the ferrite rod of rectangular cross section.

In FIG. 1 shows the design of a microwave phase shifter.

In FIG. 2 shows the dependence of the losses of the microwave frequency shifter on the frequency, where

f ₁ - the frequency of the transcendental wave quasi-H ₁₀ ,

f ₂ and f ₃ are the frequencies at which the quasi-E ₁₁ wave resonates,

f ₄ - the frequency at which the propagation of the quasi-H ₀₁ wave begins,

Δf = f _in -f _n - the working frequency band,

α _cf - the average level of microwave losses of the phase shifter

The microwave frequency shifter consists of a segment of a rectangular waveguide 1 made of a material (metal or a polymer composite with a metal coating) with a large resistivity. In this case, the size of the wide wall of the segment of the rectangular waveguide is made, for example, in the Ka-frequency range, 2.9 mm, and the size of the narrow wall is 2.4 mm, and their ratio, respectively, will be 1.21. The width of the ferrite core, defined as 2.9 / 1.86 will be equal to 1.56 mm. The height of the ferrite rod in this case will be equal to 2.4 / 1.49 = 1.61 mm.

Along the central axis of a segment of a rectangular waveguide 1, a rectangular ferrite rod 2 is installed, made for example of material 1SCh12, and the rod length will be 29.8 mm. The coordination of the microwave phase shifter is carried out by the coordinators 3 made of non-magnetic materials, for example, ceramic microwave dielectrics.

Ferrite magnetic circuits 4 can be made of ferrite, for example 1SCh13, while the coercive force of the material of the ferrite core of grade 1SCh12 is lower than the coercive force of the material of the ferrite core 1SCh13 of 1.27 times. The magnetic control system for microwave energy contains ferrite magnetic cores 4 and a coil 5 with control and winding windings.

In addition, the design of the microwave phase shifter (Fig. 1) has advantages over the prototype when creating it, for example, in the Ka-frequency range, where filling a segment of a rectangular waveguide with a large number of parts is not possible due to the insignificant dimensions of the ferrite rod and dielectric plates.

Microwave phase shifter operates as follows. A current pulse of a certain magnitude and duration, which is supplied to the winding of zeroing the magnetic control system of microwave energy, the microwave frequency shifter is displayed on the limit hysteresis cycle. After the zeroing pulse ends, the microwave phase shifter goes into a state corresponding to the residual magnetization on the hysteresis loop, in which the phase of the microwave signal at the output of the microwave phase shifter is taken as a zero reference. Further, applying a current pulse of opposite polarity to the control winding of the magnetic microwave energy control system, the phase shift is set at the end of the current pulse. The phase shift established in the microwave phase shifter is determined by the duration of the current pulse entering the control winding of the magnetic microwave energy control system. Due to the presence of a closed magnetic circuit consisting of a ferrite rod 2 and magnetic cores 4, the phase control current established after the end of the pulse is stored, which can be stored in the microwave phase shifter for an arbitrarily long time. Moreover, each subsequent phase shift value is set from the state of the zero phase reference after the end of the current pulse in the zero winding

A microwave signal, passing through a segment of a rectangular waveguide, interacts with it along a central axis, which is a longitudinally magnetized ferrite rod of rectangular cross section. As a result of the flow of current pulses in the control winding, the magnetization of the ferrite rod changes. There is a change in the magnetic permeability of the ferrite rod and, as a consequence, a change in the phase velocity of the electromagnetic wave. Thus, at the output of the microwave phase shifter, the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave is incremented compared to the input.

In the proposed microwave RF phase shifter (Fig. 1), the interaction of the microwave signal per unit length of the ferrite rod is enhanced due to the selected relationships between the dimensions of the segment of a rectangular waveguide and a ferrite rod.

The length of the ferrite core is selected so that the operating frequency band Δf is between f ₁ and f ₄ (Fig. 2), i.e. frequencies due to the propagation of H-type waves in filling a segment of a rectangular waveguide of a microwave frequency shifter shown in FIG. 1. Moreover, to provide maximum phase shift microwave phase shifter is necessary to lower the working frequency range f _n was close to the maximum-limit frequency wave quasi-H ₁₀ and the upper frequency operating range _in f - the frequency at which the quasi-wave propagation begins H ₀₁ . In this case, the frequencies at which the quasi-E ₁₁ wave resonates when the bias field is changed do not change their location on the frequency axis and are located in the following intervals: f ₂ □ f ₁ and f ₃ □ f ₄ .

In addition, an increase in the phase shift at the output of the microwave phase shifter is facilitated by the use of material with a coercive force 1.27 times higher than the coercive force of the material of a rectangular ferrite core 2 for ferrite magnetic cores 4, as well as polishing of the contact surfaces of a rectangular ferrite core and ferrite magnetic cores.

For example, an ultra-high-frequency phase shifter operating in the Ka-frequency range and consisting of a segment of a rectangular waveguide with a cross section of 2.9 mm × 2.4 mm made of titanium OT4-0 with a specific resistance of 1.71 Ohm × mm ² / m, along the central axis of which a 1.56 mm × 1.61 mm rectangular ferrite rod is installed from 1SCh12 material of 29.8 mm long and a coercive force of 1.1 Oe, and the ferrite magnetic cores are made of 1SCh13 ferrite with a coercive force of 1.4 Oe, has a range of f ₀ ± 1,75% stable phase shift of 450 ° with the unevenness on kr Rep strip □ 5,0% of a -50 ° C temperature range up to + 70 ° C (Table).

Thus, the proposed design of the microwave frequency shifter can improve the stability of the phase shift and reduce its unevenness at the edges of the working frequency band in the temperature range from -50 ° C to + 70 ° C.

Claims (1)

Microwave phase shifter containing a ferrite rod located along the axis of a segment of a rectangular waveguide, a microwave microwave energy control system with ferrite magnetic circuits, characterized in that the dimensions of the sides of the rectangular waveguide are selected from the condition that a / b = 1.18 -1.22, and the aspect ratio of the sides of a rectangular ferrite rod with the sizes of the sides of a segment of a rectangular waveguide from the condition that a / a ¹ = 1.86-1.93, b / b ¹ = 1.49-1.55, and the length of the rectangular ferrite rod, coercive force which is 1.2-1.3 p for lower coercivity magnetic ferrite cores microwave field control system conditions selected from the (1,6-3,4) λ _0, and the contact surface of the rod of ferrite and the magnetic cores, forming a closed magnetic circuit of the magnetic microwave energy management system executed polished, where λ ₀ is the wavelength in free space; a is the size of the wide wall of a rectangular waveguide; and ¹ is the size of the wide wall of the ferrite core; b is the size of the narrow wall of a rectangular waveguide; b ¹ - the size of the narrow wall of the ferrite core.

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