RU159341U1 - Shockproof shield with a significant reduction in pressure from mechanical and fire impacts - Google Patents

Abstract

Shock-resistant flap with a significant reduction in barring pressure from mechanical and firearm effects, made in the form of a multilayer rigid frame spring-spring arched spring-type structure with successive overlapping of radius-curved sheets, reducing and redistributing the external impact load from sheet to sheet, and the gaps between the sheets from 0.15 to 6-8 mm are filled with elastic adhesive material or inter-pocket fabric.

Description

The invention relates to the field of personal protective equipment against dynamic impacts with the effect of reducing backward action, which is ensured by an arched spring multilayer structure with a sequential arrangement of sheets bent along the radius, redistributing and reducing the external impact load from sheet to sheet. The shock-resistant shield allows you to increase the resistance to external shock from shock by heavy objects (ax, sledgehammer, bat, brass knuckles, trimming reinforcement or pipe, from throws of bottles, stones), strikes from piercing objects and from small arms bullets in case of additional protection behind bulletproof vests, if compare with conventional types of armor, personal protective equipment, body armor (BZ).

Protection principles are known, based not on standard selection of barrier materials with improved strength characteristics, but on reactive, dynamic or mechanical, in particular, inertial effects. For example, a multilayer inertial protection [RU 2226253 C2, 03/27/2004], including at least two rows of protective elements fixed with a gap between the rows on or in the holders so that when exposed to the means of destruction they would come off from the holders. The security elements are installed in such a way that the ratio of the mass of an individual security element to its ability to withstand the piercing effect of the damaging factor increases from the first to each subsequent row and / or the gap between the rows increases, starting from the gap between the first and second row.

The use of special dynamic or mechanical effects in protective structures generally improves protection against impulse impact of impactors.

But as a result of the literature and patent search, no structures were found that protect against the dynamic effects of bullets, impacts of piercing objects, axes, etc., based on the arched or spring principle, which underlies the proposed impact-resistant protection. There is practically no literature data on the armored structures that provide the maximum reduction of the backstop effect during shock, fragmentation and bullet impacts.

An impact-resistant shield is proposed, the protective effect of which is based on the principle of resistance to the external impact of the arch frame system, consisting of sheets in the form of pipe segments connected by the degree of load distribution from element to element, transferring a powerful point effect from the front plate to uniformly reduced loading of the entire back plate. Shock-resistant shield increases protection against small arms bullets when supplemented with the BZ, impacts with heavy objects (ax, sledgehammer, bat, etc.), as well as piercing objects. The main goal of the developed protection is to reduce the level of mechanical back-impact from the BZ. It is used as an independent product or as an addition to the BZ.

The technical result is aimed at increasing individual armor protection due to a fundamentally new mechanical design using a rigid arched spring effect of a package of plates not rigidly interconnected to redistribute and reduce external load.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the impact-resistant shield with a significant reduction in bar pressure from mechanical and firearm effects is made in the form of a multi-layer rigid spring-spring arched spring-type arch structure, with successive imposition of curved sheets on each other along the radius, redistributing the external impact load from sheet to sheet, moreover, the gaps between the sheets from 0.15 to 6-8 mm are filled with elastic adhesive material or inter-pocket fabric.

The development of an impact-resistant design is based on an analysis of the problems of various types of protection.

Firearm group. In the regular case, we have a barrier effect that is as traumatic as possible when putting on body armor on a tunic and minimal when putting on a pea jacket. If we have an unaccountably high impact, then the bulletproof vest is on the verge of breaking through with the most dangerous barrier effect.

Group mechanical fragmentation. It comes from the impact of fragments of high-energy or weakened direct and secondary, also ricocheting. There may be striking elements of cluster munitions of mass destruction of manpower, needles, balls, fragments of notches of grenade shells and striking elements. Everything here is unpredictable, unpredictable impact energy. You can get any damaging effect.

A group of mechanical piercing penetration. “Soft” bulletproof vests (without the insert of additional steel or ceramic plates) hold the bullet nominally, but easily penetrate by hand with piercing weapons and objects: blow with an awl, sharpening, dagger, stylet. In this case, the aramid ballistic fabric does not work for tensile stretching and retention of the fibers of each woven layer, but for easy fold-movement in the direction of the fibers of the textile fabric, and the entire fabric package. The point of an awl, sharpening easily enters the micro-hollows or into the soft filament of the fibers and pushes the fabric apart by compressing the fibers and densifying the voids of the fabric. With piercing penetration, aramid ballistic tissue (Kevlar) does not protect.

Group of mechanical heavy shock and chopping action. A soft bulletproof vest capable of holding a pistol bullet and a knife strike, easily misses under powerful blows with a heavy hammer, brass knuckles, ax, club, heavy trimming of reinforcement or steel pipe, especially with an end poke, a chain weight, a bicycle chain. It bends and is pressed in from heavy objects with the power thrown from close distances: stones, pieces of iron, glass bottles. Such soft leaking, but powerful and deep strokes are especially dangerous in the region of the heart. They are capable of knocking down or disrupting and stopping a person’s cardiac activity.

Therefore, a protective structure is proposed for consideration - an impact-resistant shield made in the form of a finished product additional to the BZ or self-employed with universal capabilities, taking into account one degree or another of compensation for the harmful effects of all four groups of the above (Fig. 1).

The shock-resistant shield is not designed to work like a BZ, it should not independently hold a bullet. It has a dual purpose:

- Priority is used as an independent product as a body protection from mechanical shock of all types;

- put on under the BZ, reducing the effect of barring effects.

The proposed design is an arched plate three-layer assembly, tubular type (Fig. 2), packet spring assembly. As a prototype, made of millimeter titanium of grade VT 1-0 (density 4.501 g / cm ³ , hardness HB = 140-200 kg / mm ² ) - spring type shield (Fig. 3) with overall dimensions of 300 × 350 mm.

For testing, a more economical, but full-fledged model with different sizes of plates was manufactured (Fig. 2). Enhanced protection of the heart region is implemented in a design with the displacement of the plates in the region of the heart.

In reality, all three plates 1, 2 and 3 (Fig. 4) are recommended to be made of the same height. It works harder, covers a large area. Slightly more expensive, but the reliability of the protection is much higher and not central, locally regional or point, but linear shared broadband.

The arch principle was also chosen for the design of the shield with central shock loads. The bulge from the back-off effect will become the workload of the arched shield.

The arched structure is not a planar beam with two support points, but a hollow-frame gutter with support on two ribs A-A ', B-B', C-C '(Fig. 5). Arches are based on two points of support, or on two lines of support. Here is the double cumulative effect of strength. The arch works like an arch with plots of arched loads, at the same time as a hollow pipe, a semi-groove that simply cannot be broken in half with a blow and cannot be crushed; the gutter does not bend until it collapses, especially titanium.

The third summing factor of strength is also applied. Spring plate pack. The trough-shaped arch is assembled in a spring package of arched plates 1 of decreasing size (Fig. 5).

Two main effects are taken from the spring package principle for the shield. Redistribution of the central application of force F over all plates, each time doubling at the ends left and right (points A-A ', B-B', C-C '), according to the number of plates (Fig. 6). And a large magnitude of the spring amplitude of the entire package.

Spring plates of a guard do not tightly connect among themselves. They must spring “breathe”, straightening under the load, sometimes in the opposite direction, lengthening the support base, and again compressing, freely moving inside the side brackets laterally limiting. In the proposed design, under the action of backward loading, the plates, when straightened, should also freely move relative to each other, but should not be connected by welding, bolts, rivets, oval holes with a connecting movable riveting. There should be a micro clearance. As a gap, cushioning materials 2 are possible (Fig. 5). It is best to perform a “soft connection” of the plates by coating the back of the small and medium plates with soft adhesives or mastics selected for titanium; better with a two-millimeter layer of rubbers followed by a small heat treatment in muffle furnaces - partial vulcanization. Assemble by gluing.

The finished product in the form of an apron with pockets in which curved plates are placed also provides micro-gaps. Product with adjustable straps for dressing on the neck and fastening with straps through the back (Fig. 1).

In the arched spring package, the redistribution of loads is calculated and the plates are loaded so that the edges, ribs and corners of the shield are minimally stressed, without crashing into the human body. In addition to everything, the initial safety dimensions and the geometry of the shield package are such that it almost completely repeats the geometry of the chest of the human body: the edges of the shield touch the human body in a casual manner, practically do not rest against the body. Under any loading, i.e. when the shield is straightened, the edges of the shield slide along the sides of the human body and diverge to the sides. In this case, the shield itself, as the load increases, will begin to abut against the human body first with its lateral internal surfaces, and finally with the central ones, passing to the entire internal area of support for the person.

As a result of all summarizing factors, we have, albeit strong, but even pressure, a short press on the body of the entire flap immediately with the most rigid protection of the heart area and safe edges, corners. It is valid for backward impacts arising from mechanical shocks with low speeds and high loads. Short-time impacts from firearm impacts and from high-energy pulse fragments with a short time work differently. The shield on the firearm will be effective only on the residual effects of intercepting them.

Experiments on impact impact with an ax with an energy of 350 J were carried out at the test bench for resistance to penetration at the Samara Information Center SamGTU (GOST 30826-2001) based on the maximum possible heavy impact by an object by hand. Comparative tests are performed. A series of blows were made on the soft BZ with a plasticine witness behind it, and a second series of experimental hits on an impact-resistant shield with the same plasticine witness. Plasticine with a layer thickness of 25 mm. The test samples were mounted on a simulator of the human body - a bag with a mixture of sand and sawdust (Fig. 7).

According to the test results, we have a dent for the BZ (Fig. 8).

In experiments with the proposed impact-resistant flap (Fig. 9), behind the impact-resistant flap from an ax angle, we have a small scratch on the plate (Fig. 10, 11) and only traces of the spring-loaded movement of the side ribs and corners of the main plate on the plasticine witness (Fig. 12 ) The cutting side effect of 2-3 mm - the edges of the plate and the corners go along the casual body.

Comparative tests of the design of a package of flat plates of non-arched type give a bend of the simulator over the entire area of the back plate by 20 mm (Fig. 13).

Experiments were carried out to protect the structure from shell bullets with a lead core of a 9 × 19 mm Luger cartridge of the MP-446C Viking pistol (Russia). The initial velocity of the bullet is 410-435 m / s, the mass of the bullet is 7.5 g, the kinetic energy is 485-505 J. The shots were fired in the BZ of the 1st bullet resistance class according to GOST R 51112-97 (Fig. 14) without an experimental shield and in the BZ with an experimental shield for him and further a plasticine witness. As a result, in the first case, we have through penetration of the BZ and plasticine (Fig. 14).

A shot through the BZ with an experienced shield gives through penetration of the BZ and the shield (Fig. 15) without elastic deflection of the shield plates and a large dent in the witness (Fig. 16).

The shock-resistant shield is not designed to work as an independent BZ, it should not independently hold a bullet. Dressed under the BZ or used separately.

The cost of materials for a prototype of a shockproof flap made of VT 1-0 titanium, excluding manufacturing, is 1280 rubles as of November 2014.

The shock-resistant shield can be used in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, army forces and civilian security structures as an independent shockproof protection against sharp-chopping weapons and throws of objects and additional protection for bulletproof BZ in order to reduce all the consequences of the barring effect.

The sheets of the shield can be made of a number of other structural materials or compositionally and thus increase the class of bulletproof BZ by one. If you apply rubber grease with a thickness of 6-8 mm mixed with ceramic chips with suitable strength and dispersion (2 layers in a bag) and vulcanize, we get a variant of multilayer armor with a "soft" ceramic layer. In this case, the shield in its own performance can work as a bulletproof BZ.

Claims (1)

Shock-resistant flap with a significant reduction in barring pressure from mechanical and firearm effects, made in the form of a multilayer rigid frame spring-spring arched spring-type structure with successive overlapping of radius-curved sheets, reducing and redistributing the external impact load from sheet to sheet, and the gaps between the sheets from 0.15 to 6-8 mm are filled with elastic adhesive material or inter-pocket fabric.

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