RU158492U1 - CAPACITY-DISCHARGE DEVICE FOR CAPACITY ENERGY STORAGE - Google Patents

Abstract

A charge-discharge device for a capacitive energy storage unit, consisting of a DC voltage power supply, a DC-to-AC converter, a transformer, an AC-to-DC converter and a capacitive energy storage device, characterized in that, in order to regulate the power during the discharge of a capacitive energy storage device, a DC converter voltage to AC is configured to rectify the voltage, and the AC to DC converter is configured to invert voltage, to reduce current and voltage ripples in DC circuits, smoothing filters are placed, and a control system is used to control the converters.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering, and more specifically to devices for charge-discharge of a capacitive energy storage device (CES).

To use batteries of electrochemical capacitors with a nominal voltage of one capacitor of about 2.8 volts in power electric circuits, it is necessary to use a charge-discharge device.

A charge-discharge device is necessary for matching the DC traction network and the CES in terms of voltage, for the full use of the capacitance of capacitor banks, and also for providing galvanic isolation of the network and low-voltage capacitor banks.

The proposed circuit of the charge-discharge device allows the use of low-voltage CES in traction electric DC networks with any values of nominal voltages.

There are various charge devices of a capacitive energy storage device (CES) [1-5] using inductive and capacitive intermediate energy storage devices, charging transformers.

The disadvantage of such devices is the inability to provide control of the discharge process, to change the power and discharge current, to ensure the full discharge of the single electric power, which is necessary when using energy-intensive and powerful single electric power in traction electric DC networks.

Known charge device ENE containing two inverters, two rectifier bridge, two transformers, control unit and ENE [3]. The disadvantage of this device is the use of several single-phase transformers, several single-phase inverters and rectifiers, which leads to a complication of the circuit and an increase in its overall dimensions, this circuit does not allow for controlling the discharge of the CES.

Also known is a device for charging a capacitive storage device [4], containing N inverters, N transformers, each of which has two primary and secondary windings, N rectifiers. The disadvantage of this device is the inability to control the discharge process of the CES.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype [5] is a capacitive storage device that uses a single-phase inverter, transformer, bridge rectifier and CES. The disadvantage of this device is the inability to control the discharge process of the CES.

The purpose of the utility model is to provide smooth control of power in a given range when charging and discharging a single power source when the voltage of a power source changes in the working range, using a single power source with a working voltage range smaller than that of a power source.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the following improvements in the operation of known charge-discharge devices of the UNE. The claimed device allows you to: implement smooth power control during the discharge of a powerful CES; provide the charge and discharge of the CES when the voltage of the source changes in a given operating range; to ensure the operation of the CES battery in high-voltage DC traction networks.

The technical result is achieved through the use of a DC-to-AC converter, configured to rectify the voltage and an AC-to-DC converter, configured to invert voltage, to control the lockable semiconductor switches of the converters when charging and discharging the CES using a control system that implements various types of pulse-width modulation [6].

The transformer provides coordination of electrical circuits with different voltages and galvanic isolation, it must be designed to operate at higher frequencies and have a high efficiency.

The operation of the device at high frequency can reduce the overall dimensions of the transformer and smoothing filters.

The claimed utility model is illustrated by a drawing (Fig.).

The CES charge-discharge device (Fig.) Includes a constant voltage power supply 1, an input high-voltage smoothing filter 2, a high-voltage rectifier-inverter converter 3, a transformer 4, a low-voltage rectifier-inverter converter 5, a low-voltage smoothing filter 6, CES 7 and SU 8.

The principle of operation of the claimed device is based on the principle of operation of a DC-voltage converter with an AC link, providing DC voltage regulation using various types of pulse-width modulation.

When charging, the energy from the constant voltage source 1 is supplied to the high-voltage smoothing filter 2 (Fig.). The key mode of operation of the semiconductor switches of the high-voltage converter 3 generates a sequence of pulses, the duty cycle of which varies according to the law determined by the modeling signal, which allows you to generate an alternating voltage on the primary winding of the transformer 4, which decreases to a predetermined value. An alternating voltage on the secondary winding of the transformer 4 is rectified using a low-voltage converter 5 and is supplied to a low-voltage smoothing filter 6 connected to the CES 7, which makes it possible to provide a charge for the CES.

During the discharge, the energy from ENE 7 is supplied to the low-voltage smoothing filter 6. The key mode of operation of the semiconductor switches of the low-voltage converter 5 generates a sequence of pulses whose duty cycle varies according to the law determined by the modeling signal, which allows generating an alternating voltage on the secondary winding of the transformer 4, which rises to a predetermined values. The alternating voltage on the primary winding of the transformer 4 is rectified using a high-voltage converter 3 and is supplied to a high-voltage smoothing filter 2 connected to a constant voltage source 1, which allows for the return of stored energy from the CES battery to source 1.

Power control in the mode of charge and discharge of the CES is carried out by changing the voltage on the CES, which is implemented using various types of pulse-width modulation to control the keys of converters 3 and 5.

Smoothing filters reduce the alternating component of the discharge and charge currents of the CES, which flow through the power source 1 and CES 7.

The process of charging the CES can be implemented at a voltage value of the power source in the operating range of the device (for a traction network of direct current railways at voltage from 3300 to 4000 V). When the voltage on the CES increases to the nominal value, i.e. when the process of energy storage is completed, the charge process is completed.

The UNE discharge process can be implemented at a voltage value of the power source in the operating range of the device (for a traction network of direct current railways at voltages from 2700 to 3300 V). When the voltage on the CES is reduced to 50% of the nominal, the discharge process is completed.

As semiconductor switches, lockable power thyristors or transistors can be used.

To ensure the necessary energy intensity of the single unit of energy, the individual modules of the electrochemical capacitors are connected together in series and parallel.

The advantages of the proposed device are that it allows you to realize smooth power control in a given range when charging and discharging CES; to provide a charge and discharge of a low-voltage CES from a power source with an operating voltage of 2700-4000 V; to use the energy consumption of the Unified Energy Market by 75% (technical documentation for electrochemical capacitors allows their discharge to 50% of the rated voltage); to provide galvanic isolation of ENE batteries and traction electric network of direct current.

Information sources:

1. Bulatov O.G. Semiconductor Chargers of Capacitive Energy Storage [Text] / O.G. Bulatov, V.S. Ivanov, D.I. Panfilov // M .: Radio and communication, 1986. - 160 p.

2. Pentegov I.V. Fundamentals of the theory of charging circuits of capacitive energy storage [Text] / I.V. Pentegov // Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1982.- 424 p.

3. Pat. SU (11) 1267591 (13) Al IPC H03K 3/53. Charge device for capacitive energy storage / N.N. Bogdanov, V.N. Kuznetsov, N.V. Kuznetsova, N.N. Nazarov. - No. 3711644; Stated March 19, 1984; Publ. 10/30/1986. Bull. No. 15.

4. Pat. RU (11) 2026603 (13) C1 IPC H03K 3/53. Device for charging a capacitive storage / I.A. Krishtafovich, M.S. Reichman, S.S. Salko. No. 4,844,290 / 21; Stated May 22, 1990; Publ. 01/09/1995. Bull. No. 10.

5. Pat. RU (11) 117748 (13) U1 IPC H02M 7/162. The charge device of a capacitive storage / S.G. Konesev, R.T. Khaziev, M.R. Sadikov, R.V. Kirillov, A.V. Mukhametshin. - No. 2012105359/07; Stated 02/15/2012; Publ. 06/27/2012. Bull. Number 18. (PROTOTYPE).

6. Burkov A.T. Electronic equipment and converters [Text] / A.T. Burkov // M .: Transport, 1999 .-- 464 p.

Claims (1)

A device for charging and discharging a capacitive energy storage device, consisting of a constant voltage power supply, a constant voltage to alternating voltage converter, a transformer, an alternating voltage to constant voltage converter and a capacitive energy storage device, characterized in that, for the purpose of regulating power during a capacitive energy storage discharge, a constant converter voltage to AC is configured to rectify the voltage, and the AC to DC converter is made possible Inverting voltage, to reduce ripple current and voltage in the DC circuits, smoothing filters are placed, a control system is used to control the converters.

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