RU158142U1 - IDLESS SIP WIRES OF VL - Google Patents

Abstract

Ice-free SIP-wires, consisting of composite alloy wires, characterized in that in the outer coil of the wire under the protective film there are built-in heat-sealed in separate sections aluminum alloy aluminum wires AJ wires one step lower than the cross-section of the SIP wire in the amount of not more than half of the wires of the outer coil the resistance of these embedded wires is an order of magnitude greater and more than the resistance of composite wires.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of electric power and can be used in the construction and reconstruction of overhead power lines to protect against dangerous icing conditions and “dancing” of wires in areas subject to ice-wind loads.

There are known wires of power lines used on overhead power lines of all voltage classes and made in the form of one or several types of wires (AD Boshnyakovich “Mechanical calculation of wires and cables of power lines”, M.-L., 1962)

Power line wires are known, consisting of a steel non-magnetic nitrogen-containing core with aluminum coils of wires of various diameters (RF Patent No. 2063080 H01B 5/08, 1996.06.27), a wire containing a central wire, on top of which there is an outer coil of aluminum wires, in which the diameter one of the wires is larger than the diameter of the others (RF Patent No. 714509 H01B 5/08, 1980.02.05), a steel-aluminum wire in which the outer core contains at least two diametrically located steel wires, while these wires Loka in the clamp situated in a strictly vertical plane (AS USSR №1793481 A1 5H01B 15/00, 1993.02.07), with the additional winding wire over the wires (RF Patent №2014652 H01B 5/08, 1994.06.15).

The disadvantage of these analogues is their susceptibility to icing, "dance" of wires. These hazardous conditions lead to damage to poles, wires, individual structural elements, whipping and burnout of wires and significantly reduce the operational reliability of power lines.

The closest prototype to the claimed are composite wires of the ASPT type, whose wire strands are made of aluminum-zirconium and other alloys. These wires, compared with traditional ones, have a number of advantages: prevention of overlapping, corrosion-resistant, increased transmission capacity for transmitted power, they have smaller sag arrows and higher operating temperature indices (high temperature). (Journal. “Cable-NEWS” No. 1, 2013, p. 10; No. 5, 2013, p. 32-34; No. 6, 2013, p. 12, p. 22-23; journal . "Electricity" No. 5, 2013, p. 77).

However, the drawback of composite wires is their susceptibility to icy deposits, “dancing” and vibration of wires. This leads to operational damage to wires, supports and individual structural elements, which significantly reduces the reliability of power lines.

The objective of the utility model is to prevent all types of ice deposits on the wires, “dancing” and vibration of the wires.

This object is achieved by the fact that in the wire consisting of aluminum-zirconium wires, in the outer layer under the protective film there are built-in wires with high resistance from the heat-hardened separate sections of the aluminum alloy AJ one step lower than the cross-section of the SIP wire in the amount of not more than half the wires external graft, while the resistance of these embedded wires is more than one order of magnitude and more than the resistance of the other wires. So, in the SIP-120 wire wires АЖ-95 are built in, as having greater resistance, etc.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing. In FIG. shows the cross section of the inventive SIP wire _w . SIW _rail comprises an aluminum-zirconium wire 1 with reduced resistance and embedded wire 2 with a large order for one or more resistance of thermally hardened parts of the aluminum alloy AF.

Preventive currents in the SIP wires _w , initially preventing the formation of ice, are equal to or close to the operating currents of the load. With the flow of working currents of the load, the inventive wire SIP _J has a heated surface. As a result of this, icy deposits on the wire are not initially formed, thereby preventing dangerous regimes of ice deposits, “dancing” and vibration of wires of power lines.

The insulated wire _rail against the ice, "dancing" and the two vibration effect is realized.

The effect of heating the surface of the wires occurs due to the location in the outer aluminum-zirconium coil of the built-in wires with high resistance from the alloy AF and due to the action of the so-called skin process i.e. the flow of load currents in the surface wires of the wire.

The following are supporting calculations.

The impedance of the conductor is determined as follows (Makarov EF Handbook of electrical networks 0.4-35-110 kV, Volume 1 M., Papyrus PRO, 1999):

Ζ = R + jX or

, где:

where:

R is the active resistance of the conductor, ohm;

X _L - inductive resistance of the conductor, ohm;

X _C - capacitance of the conductor, ohm.

When considering a single conductor X _L »X _C , ie the impedance of the conductor is predominantly active-inductive in nature and the resistance X _C can be neglected. therefore

Active resistance R is calculated by the formula:

, где

where

ρ is the resistivity of the material, ohm · m · 10 ^-6 ;

l is the length of the conductor, m;

S is the cross-sectional area of the conductor, m ² and then:

,

,

those. the total (active-inductive) resistance of the conductor depends on the diameter (section) S, the length of the conductor l, the resistance of the conductor ρ, and also on the inductive resistance X _{L of the} conductor.

The specific resistance ρ is a constant and is determined only by the material of the conductor and the ambient temperature. In accordance with GOST 22265-76 "Conducting materials. Terms and definitions "for conductors made of aluminum-zirconium alloy and heat-treated aluminum alloys AJ ρ values are respectively equal (at t = 20 ° C):

ом·м;

ohm m;

ρ _AF = 0,0338-0,0347 · 10 ^-6 ohm · m.

и R_АЖ:For example, a wire brand SIP _Ж -3; 120/27 in accordance with GOST 839-80E "Uninsulated wires for overhead power lines. Specifications "has a section of aluminum-zirconium part 117.5 mm. From this, knowing the ρ values for CIP wires with an aluminum-zirconium alloy and heat-treated aluminum alloy AJ, we find the values

and R _AJ :

ом;

ohm;

ом, отсюда находим:

oh, from here we find:

раза, т.е. в проводе СИП_Ж - 3; 120/27 сопротивление проволоки из алюминиевого сплава АЖ больше сопротивления алюминиево-циркониевых проволок в 9,32 раза, т.е. на порядок.

times, i.e. in the wire SIP _Ж - 3; 120/27 the resistance of the wire from the aluminum alloy AJ is 9.32 times greater than the resistance of aluminum-zirconium wires, i.e. an order of magnitude.

It can be seen from the above example that the electrical resistance of wires from heat-treated aluminum alloy AJ is much higher (more by one order of magnitude or more) than the resistance of the aluminum-zirconium part of the wire. Consequently, heat-treated aluminum alloy wires will heat up when prophylactic load currents flow much stronger than aluminum-zirconium wires, which will lead to a general heating of the wire surface and, therefore, to the exclusion of icing on the wire and the exclusion of wire “dancing”.

:Preventive current, preventing the formation of ice, for SIP wires _w - 3; 120/27 is calculated by the formula of Burgsdorf V.V. (Burgsdorf V.V., Nikitina L.G. et al. “Guidelines for smelting ice with alternating current”, part 1, SPS Soyuztekhenergo, M., 1983, p. 11-12) and amounts to t _pr = + 1 ° C and

:

- 120/27 - 108.9 amperes; which is 6.1 times less than the long-term permissible load current I _add = 665.8 a.

If the load currents are slightly less than the currents that prevent the formation of ice, then the load of the parallel power line is transferred to the heated line.

The second effect is due to the thermal hardening of individual sections of the embedded wires from the aluminum alloy AJ. The traveling and reflected waves arising under the influence of wind, causing stable dance and vibration of the wires, at the transition points in areas of greater stiffness (thermally quenched sections of wires), with neighboring sections of lesser stiffness (non-quenched sections of wires) are initially damped, more precisely quenched, and the wire does not undergo dancing and vibration. Thus, in such a wire, bending and torsional stiffness are different in length, i.e. the elastic modulus E, multiplied by the moment of inertia I, the value is variable. Thermal hardening of the wires is performed by the well-known method of hardening by high-frequency currents using an inductor.

_Well insulated wire can be produced in two versions:

1.with wires of aluminum alloy AJ;

2.with alloy alloy wires with heat quenching in separate sections.

Loss of electrical energy in the wires of self-supporting insulated wires _and almost the same as in the wires of self-insulated wires. _Well insulated wire allow initially prevent the deposition of ice and "dance" and the vibration of wires, which significantly increases the reliability of the power lines, and to ensure the reliability of power supply to consumers.

Prevention of icing of wires is carried out by operating load currents without disconnecting the power supply to consumers.

The operating conditions in the application of insulated _wire're not required installation of ice melting, holding themselves heats, overhead line equipment absorbers "Dance" and vibration, thus saving significant capital costs.

Factory technology for the manufacture of wire does not change: only in a slightly different order are the original reels with wires installed.

List

used technical literature when applying for a utility model “Ice-free SIP-wires of VL”

1. Boshnyakovich A.D. "Mechanical calculation of wires and cables of power lines", M. - L., 1962

2. Patent R.F. No. 2063080, 1966.06.27.

3. Patent R.F. No. 714509, 1980.02.05.

4. Patent R.F. No. 2014652 H01B 5/08, 1994.06.15.

5. A.S. USSR No. 1793481, 1993.02.07.

6. Burgsdorf V.V., Nikitina L.G., Nikonets L.A. and others. “Guidelines for smelting ice with alternating current”, part 1, M .: Soyuztekhenergo, 1983

7. Makarov EF, Handbook of electric networks 0.4-35-110 kV, Volume 1 M., Papyrus PRO, 1999

8. GOST 22265 - 76 Conductor materials. Terms and Definitions.

9. GOST 839 - 80E Non-insulated wires for overhead power lines. Technical conditions

10. PUE-7, 2003

11. Journal. Cable-NEWS No. 1, 2013, p. 10; No. 5, 2013, p. 32-34; No. 6, 2013, p. 12, p. 22-23; zhur. "Energy" No. 5, 2013, p. 77.

Claims (1)

Ice-free SIP-wires, consisting of composite alloy wires, characterized in that in the outer coil of the wire under the protective film there are built-in heat-sealed separate sections of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy wire AJ one step lower than the cross-section of the SIP wire in the amount of not more than half the wires of the outer coil the resistance of these embedded wires is an order of magnitude greater and more than the resistance of composite wires.

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