RU155950U1 - CASE-FREE BACTERICIDAL FILTERING DEVICE FOR WATER TREATMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Housingless filtering device for water purification, containing two layers of filter material, which is a porous polymer film, hermetically connected together around the perimeter with the formation of a closed volume in which there is a drainage substrate, a nozzle for draining the filtrate, connected to these layers, characterized in that the drainage substrate is made of bactericidal material. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bactericidal material is a textile or non-woven material with a bactericidal coating. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the porous polymer film is made in the form of a track membrane.

Description

The utility model relates to non-pressure filtering devices based on track membranes for purifying water from colloidal particles, harmful impurities and microbial contamination. The device is designed to receive drinking-quality water from the water of natural sources or to improve the quality of tap water and can be used in everyday life, as well as by hunters, tourists, exploration party workers, and people who are or who perform their duties in extreme conditions and emergency situations.

A bactericidal device is known that includes a housing with a fitting and a filter element consisting of a porous polymer film and an additional layer with bactericidal properties, placed on at least one of the filter surfaces of the polymer film (see Patent RU 68348, published November 27, 2007 )

The disadvantage of this device is the design complexity, namely: the presence of a filter housing with channels made in it for collecting filtered water and an additional layer of material coated with a bactericidal coating. The functional disadvantages of the device described above include: a) the placement of bactericidal material on the outer side of the membrane, which is not able to completely suppress bacterial growth inside the filter due to sorption of active ingredients (released from the bactericidal material and detrimental to bacterial reproduction), directly by the filtering layer itself - track membrane; b) a significant disadvantage of the device is also the fact that bacteria can penetrate into the internal cavity of the filter from the filtrate and multiply there, i.e. directly inside the filter device itself. This phenomenon is primarily characteristic during interruption of filtration (temporary stop) for a period of up to several days, which is provided for and allowed by the operating rules of such devices. In the presence of favorable conditions and with a significant stoppage time of the filter, the number of bacteria inside the filter device can significantly exceed the permissible microbiological parameters for drinking water and purification of water from this device from bacteria will be meaningless. It should be noted that in regions with a hot and humid climate, where the use of pressureless water purification systems is most in demand, water purification is especially relevant precisely from microbial contamination. The noted disadvantages, of course, limit the widespread use of these filtering devices.

A filter device is known that includes a housing with a fitting, a porous polymer film hermetically connected along the perimeter with the outer surface of the housing, and an additional filter layer with bactericidal properties, placed on at least one of the filter surfaces of the polymer film (see Patent RU 81722, published 27.03 .2009).

The disadvantages of the filtering device include the complexity of the design and the placement of bactericidal material on the outside of the membrane, which limits the possibility of achieving the effect of one hundred percent bactericidal action of water by the filtering device.

The closest solution (prototype) to the proposed device is a frameless filter element containing two layers of filter material, which is a porous polymer film, tightly interconnected around the perimeter with the formation of a closed volume in which there is a drainage substrate, a fitting for draining the filtrate, connected to the indicated layers (see Patent RU 129413, published 06/27/2013).

The fundamental disadvantage of the device is the fact that cleaning from microbial contamination on it reduces to the retention of bacteria only by filter material (track membrane), which in some cases may be insufficient at high and ultrahigh concentrations of bacteria in water. The bactericidal material in the proposed design can be organized only as a pre-filter and is, in fact, an additional element that complicates the design. In addition, the location of the bactericidal layer outside the filter element does not allow to suppress the development of bacterial colonies in a closed volume formed by layers of filter material during long breaks in filtration.

The objective of the utility model is to eliminate these drawbacks and develop a device that allows guaranteed purification of water from microbial contamination.

The technical result of the utility model is the ability to completely suppress the development of microorganisms inside the filter device.

The technical result of the utility model is achieved due to the fact that the frameless filtering device for water purification contains two layers of filter material, which is a porous polymer film, hermetically connected together around the perimeter with the formation of a closed volume in which a drainage substrate is placed, a fitting for draining the filtrate, connected with these layers, while the drainage substrate is made of bactericidal material.

In addition, the bactericidal material is mainly a textile or non-woven material with a bactericidal coating, and the porous polymer film can be made in the form of a track membrane.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a non-pressure filtering device for water purification with bactericidal drainage; in FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the operation of the device under the influence of gravity (pressureless filtration).

An open-type bactericidal filter device for purifying water from natural sources (or tap water) from insoluble suspensions, harmful substances and microbial contamination contains two layers of filter material, which is a porous polymer film, such as track membrane 1 or a similar material (for example, mesh-type membranes based on polypropylene, polysulfone, fluorinated polymers, etc.). Track membranes 1 are tightly interconnected along the perimeter with the formation of a closed volume, designed to collect the filtrate. Inside the enclosed space, a drainage substrate 2 (drainage device, drainage) is placed, which prevents the closure of the membranes 1 under the influence of external pressure, which can lead to the overlap of a large number of pores of the membranes 1, which, accordingly, will reduce the working surface of the membranes 1, and this, in in turn, will reduce the performance of the filter device. The device is equipped with a fitting 3 for drainage of the filtrate, hermetically connected to the layers of filter material (track membranes 1). Drainage 2 has a high permeability, which reduces the hydrodynamic resistance of the device as a whole and facilitates the passage of the filtrate through the internal volume of the device to the nozzle 3 for drainage of the filtrate. Drainage 2 can be made, for example, of textile material, or non-woven material, or any other material with high permeability, and having a structure and shape that reduces the hydraulic resistance of the filtering device.

The drainage substrate 2 is made of a bactericidal material, which is a textile or non-woven material with a bactericidal coating. Bactericidal material is applied to drainage 2, or material for making drainage, for example, by ion-plasma spraying or in another way. As a bactericidal coating, substances containing silver and / or its compounds (for example, silver nitrate, argovit, protargol, etc.), or other compounds with a bactericidal effect against pathogenic bacteria (iodine and / or its compounds, or chlorine and / or its compounds, or fluorine and / or its compounds, or benzalkonium chloride). Thus, bactericidal-coated drainage solves two important problems: it ensures high water productivity of the device and does not allow bacteria to develop inside the filter. And this, in turn, leads to a simplification of the design and the achievement of the set technical result.

A non-pressure filtering device for water purification with bactericidal drainage (Fig. 1) works as follows (illustrated in Fig. 2). The device, to the outlet fitting 3 of which a drain hose 6 is connected, is immersed in the supply tank 4 with the crude liquid so that the liquid completely covers the filter element. The free end of the drain hose 6 is lowered into a container 5 to collect the filtrate, which is located in height below the flow tank 4. A light suction through the free end of the drain hose 6 starts the filtering process. Under the influence of gravity, the liquid through the filter element formed by the track membranes 1, through the drainage channels 2, enters through the outlet fitting 3 of the filtrate outlet through the drain hose 6 into the container 5 for collecting the filtrate. When the filtration process is carried out in a non-pressure mode, the pressure drop across the filter element is created due to the height difference between the supply tank 4 and the tank 5 for collecting the filtrate, i.e. by creating a vacuum in the filtration zone.

The design of the device allows you to use it as one of the stages of complex multi-stage purification systems for drinking or process water, which has increased requirements for transparency and microbiological contamination. The non-pressure filtering water purification device with bactericidal drainage shown in FIG. 1 is only an example of the claimed device and does not include all cases of its implementation.

Thus, the proposed open-type bactericidal filtering device allows to obtain high quality water, both during continuous and periodic operation. The latter is especially important, since it is in this mode of operation that the internal water volume of most water filters is exposed to microbiological contamination. Confirmation is the conducted experiments to determine the microbial contamination of water in such conditions. It was shown that a filter with bactericidal drainage almost completely purifies water from bacteria after holding the filter in water for 5 days at a high level of microbial contamination in the source water. In the filtrate after the device with conventional drainage (under the same conditions), microbial contamination is reduced to a much lesser extent.

Claims (3)

1. Housing-free filtering device for water purification, containing two layers of filter material, which is a porous polymer film, hermetically connected together around the perimeter with the formation of a closed volume in which there is a drainage substrate, a nozzle for draining the filtrate connected to these layers, characterized in that the drainage substrate is made of a bactericidal material. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bactericidal material is a textile or non-woven material with a bactericidal coating. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the porous polymer film is made in the form of a track membrane.

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