RU155682U1 - HUMAN HEALTH CONDITION DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for diagnosing human health, containing blocks of data and knowledge banks with a block of external sources, a block for generating recommendations and a block for generating results, characterized in that it additionally contains a block for determining deviations, a block for bank of methods for presenting results, a block of external sources for data banks and of knowledge, blocks of data and knowledge banks are made in the form of a block of a data bank on boundary values of indicators, a block of a knowledge bank about the causes of deviations and a block of a knowledge bank about relationships and the deviations of indicators from normal values, and the outputs of the deviation determination unit are connected to the recommendations generation unit, the results display unit, the knowledge bank unit about the causes of deviations and the knowledge bank about relationships, and the output of the recommendations generation unit is connected to the results display unit, the outputs of the external source unit for data and knowledge banks are connected to a data bank block on the boundary values of indicators, a knowledge bank block about the reasons for deviations, a knowledge bank block about relationships and the degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values, the bank unit of methods for presenting results, the outputs of the data bank of the boundary values of indicators, the knowledge bank about the reasons for deviations and the knowledge bank block about the relationships and degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values are connected to the deviation determination unit, and the output a block of a bank of methods for presenting results is connected to a block for displaying results. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bank unit of the methods for presenting the results is executed�

Description

Device for diagnosing human health

The device relates to the field of medical diagnostics, in particular to the diagnosis of human health and means of simplifying and automating medical diagnostics.

This device can be used to simplify and automate diagnostics for various types of analyzes, and also allows you to present the results in a convenient form and can be used to display information and focus on the most important information hidden in the data from the analysis results.

A device for diagnosing a person’s state of health is known (“Presenting the results for analysis of blood cholesterol in the form of a linear diagram (http://www.informationisbeautiful.net/2010/visualizing-bloodtests/) in which diagnostics are made based on information about patient indices ( age and gender) contained in the data warehouse and diagrams are built with information about blood cholesterol levels.The device consists of a data storage unit represented by a memory module and a comparison unit represented by a microprocessor. e patient comes to a comparison unit which reads from the memory module and determining position values of analysis of the allowable range obtained from the memory module.

However, this device has a very narrow scope, limited by the number of analysis indicators - the linear type of diagrams can be applied only to a small number of indicators and is difficult to use to display the relationship between the data. Also indicated

the device does not provide the usual tabular information, which requires preliminary retraining of medical personnel.

In addition, it is known a device for diagnosing human health (US 2009005654 A1, 01/01/2009), which is a prototype of the proposed device.

The specified device allows for interactive diagnosis of human health in the process of its interaction with the device.

The specified device contains:

1. Blocks of data and knowledge banks, represented by memory modules, accumulating data on the patient’s health status;

2. The block of external sources, represented by a hardware interface for entering data into the device;

3. The unit for the formation of recommendations, represented by a set of hardware (camera, microphone) to obtain the patient's response when working with the device

4. The unit for the formation of results represented by a monitor screen;

However, this device has limited use - it can be used only for indirect diagnosis of human health by external factors, such as loss of concentration or attention, detection of blind spots or changes in heart rate. For a more comprehensive diagnosis of health conditions, for example, according to the results of a general blood test, when working with the specified device, a significant amount of work of a medical officer is required to fill out information obtained from the analysis using an external source block.

Also, an important disadvantage is the need for interactive work of the patient with the specified device. When passing the diagnosis, the patient must always be in close proximity to

device, otherwise the recommendation generation unit will not be able to provide the correct information for the patient.

Summing up, we can distinguish the following three disadvantages of the specified device:

1. The most important drawback is the difficulty of interpreting and creating a diagnosis for analyzes with multidimensional parameters that cannot be carried out without a person (searching for values in reference books, evaluating the values of results, identifying relationships between analysis parameters);

2. The opacity of the process for the patient;

3. Difficulty in tracking the dynamics (for the case of a tendency to recover / worsen health).

The objective of the proposed device is to simplify the diagnostic process and its automation.

The problem is achieved in that a device for diagnosing human health containing blocks of data and knowledge banks with a block of external sources, a block for generating recommendations and a block for generating results, a block for determining deviations, a bank of methods for presenting results, a block of external sources for data and knowledge banks are introduced blocks of data and knowledge banks are made in the form of a block of a data bank on boundary values of indicators, a block of a knowledge bank about the causes of deviations and a block of a knowledge bank on relationships the degrees of deviations of the indicators from normal values, and the outputs of the deviation determination unit are connected to the recommendation generation unit, the results display unit, the knowledge bank unit about the reasons for deviations and the knowledge bank of the relationships, and the output of the recommendation generation unit is connected to the results display unit, the outputs of the external source unit for data and knowledge banks are connected to the data bank block about

the boundary values of indicators, the knowledge bank block about the causes of deviations, the knowledge bank block about the relationships and degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values, the bank of methods for presenting the results, the outputs of the data bank block about the boundary values of the indicators, the knowledge bank block about the reasons for deviations and the knowledge bank block about interconnections and degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values are connected to the deviation determination unit, and the output of the bank of the methods for presenting the results is connected to the display unit I am the result.

The task is also achieved by the fact that the block of the bank of methods for presenting the results is made in the form of a block for constructing a petal diagram;

The task is also achieved by the fact that the block of the bank of methods for presenting the results is made in the form of a block for constructing a diagram in parallel coordinates;

Also, the task is achieved by the fact that an additional unit for providing information for online services is introduced.

In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of the proposed device;

In FIG. 2 - graphical representation without values obtained as a result of the study;

In FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of a general blood test in the form of a petal diagram;

In FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of a general blood test in the form of a diagram in parallel coordinates;

In FIG. 5 - the final printed form provided to the user with information about the patient, a tabular presentation, a graphical representation, information about the problems identified and recommendations for normalizing indicators with deviations.

The proposed device (Fig. 1) consists of the following blocks:

1. The unit for determining deviations. The outputs of the block are connected to the recommendations generation block, the results generation block, the knowledge bank block about the causes of deviations, and the knowledge bank block about the relationships and degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values. The block is implemented as a microcontroller, the main task of which is to compare the results of analysis with standard values stored in memory modules;

2. The block forming recommendations. The output of the block is connected to the block forming results. The block is executed in the form of a microcontroller, the main task of which is the formation of text recommendations based on the data received from the deviation determination block;

3. Block forming the results. At the block output, diagnostic results are generated. The block is implemented as a hardware interface for outputting information. This unit can be connected to a monitor, printer, or other information output device;

4. A block of a databank of boundary values of indicators. The output of the block is connected to the deviation determination block. The block is implemented as a memory module;

5. Block knowledge bank about the causes of deviations. The output of the block is connected to the deviation determination block. The block is implemented as a memory module;

6. A block of the knowledge bank on the relationships and degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values. The output of the block is connected to the deviation determination block. The block is implemented as a memory module;

7. Bank block methods for presenting results. A block can be represented in the form of a block for constructing a petal diagram or a block for constructing a diagram in parallel coordinates. Block output

connected to the deviation detection unit. The block is implemented as a memory module;

8. A block of external sources for data and knowledge banks. The outputs of the block are connected to a block of a databank about boundary values of indicators, a block of a bank of knowledge about the causes of deviations, a block of a bank of knowledge about the relationships and degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values, and a block of a bank of methods for presenting results. The block is implemented as a hardware interface for connecting to memory modules. This unit can be represented by a replaceable hardware interface, for example, USB;

The proposed device operates as follows:

In the unit for determining deviations 1, the obtained parameter values are transmitted and a list of diseases is determined on the basis of comparing information on the analysis indicators and on the data obtained from the knowledge bank block about boundary values 4 and the knowledge bank block about the relationships and degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values 6. Important to note that according to the results of this block, the data in the knowledge bank block about the causes of deviations 5 and the knowledge bank block about the relationships and degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values could t be expanded with new information. Information obtained at this stage is transmitted to the following blocks: recommendation generation unit 2 and results generation unit 3;

Information on deviations, a list of potential diseases and the connection of analysis parameters is transmitted to the block for forming recommendations 2. Based on this information, a set of recommendations is formed on the necessary changes in the patient’s life, to normalize the values of the analysis parameters and they are transferred to the next block for generating results 3;

Information on deviations, a list of potential diseases, a connection between the analysis parameters and a list of recommendations received at the previous stages is transmitted to the results generation unit 3. In this block, the resulting presentation is generated, which will be transmitted to the system user. The visualization generated at this stage receives information about the methods used to present the results from the bank block of the methods for presenting the results 7 and is based on the results of two previous blocks — the deviation determination block 1 and the recommendation generation block 2. After this block is completed, all the information received is transmitted to unit output device;

The databank on the boundary values of indicators 4 contains information on deviations for all research parameters for various categories of patients (according to the criteria of age, gender, a set of known diseases, etc.). This bank can be filled only from external data sources (from the block of external sources for data and knowledge banks 8) and is a kind of system configuration;

The knowledge bank about the causes of deviations 5 contains information about the causes of various deviations based on the values of the study. It may be filled as a result of execution of the unit for determining deviations 1 and from the block of external sources for data banks and knowledge 8;

The knowledge bank block on the relationships and degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values 6 contains information on the relationships between the studied indicators and the degrees of their deviation from normal values. It can be filled as a result of the execution of the unit for determining deviations 1 and from the block of external sources for data banks and knowledge 8;

The block of the bank of methods for presenting results 7 contains the entire list of options for constructing diagrams available for presenting results in an automated system (Tabular presentation, petal

chart, chart in parallel coordinates, ...) This bank can be filled only from the block of external sources for data and knowledge banks 8;

The block of external sources for data and knowledge banks 8 is a system setting. It is in it that the initial configuration of the system is determined, including the initial filling of the data and knowledge banks in the data bank block on the boundary values of indicators 4, the knowledge bank block on the causes of deviations 5, the knowledge bank block on the relationships and degrees of deviations of the indicators from normal values 6 and block of the bank of methods for presenting results 7. Moreover, this block allows you to make changes to the settings of an already functioning system in real time.

The main block is the block of the formation of results 3, since it is primarily critical for human perception. Visual presentation of the results of the analysis should not require additional efforts from the patient to understand the results. The graphical representation of the analysis results includes the following set of elements:

1. Parameters by which the study is conducted. Includes all tabular data on which a general blood test is performed;

2. The system of boundary conditions. For most parameters of a general blood test, it is important to know not only the boundaries, deviation from which can mean various problems in human health, but also the degree of these deviations;

3. Information on the relationships between different indicators of analysis;

4. A set of charts and graphs adapted for ease of human perception.

It is important to keep in mind the need for retraining users. As a rule, when introducing a new system, the existing functionality is completely replaced. To further simplify working with

the proposed device must save a tabular form of presentation of the result, in addition to the graphic. For this reason, a table containing all the research data is stored in the final printed form provided to the patient.

The device includes the construction of a tabular representation of the data. In contrast to the existing approach to presenting the results of a general blood test, the table uses the focus of the patient's attention on values that deviate from acceptable values by highlighting the table cells containing these values in red.

The device includes an option for constructing a petal diagram. The petal diagram immediately provides the user with all the information about the results of the analysis, concentrated in one visual area, which simplifies the perception of all indicators of the study in a complex and tracking changes with several observations. The construction of the diagram in the proposed device is as follows:

1. From the center of the chart, straight lines are drawn by the number of indicators used in the analysis;

2. On each axis of the diagram, boundary values or degrees of deviation are marked (if known for this type of analysis). The boundary values of indicators are displayed in a relative scale, while their values, in text form, are displayed in an absolute scale for each indicator;

3. The boundary values are connected by circles (dashed lines, so as not to interfere with the perception of basic information), and the area that fell between them is filled with a light color that is different from the background. At this point, the diagram looks like that shown in FIG. 2;

4. The values of the analysis indicators are marked on the axes of the chart. If the results are outside the acceptable limits, they are displayed in red with different intensities, depending on the degree of deviation. This approach allows you to immediately draw the user's attention to problematic indicators;

5. Values for all indicators are connected by a broken line, and if the obtained area is outside the range of acceptable values, it is highlighted by a gradient from yellow to red - the more saturated the color, the more problematic the indicator (Fig. 3);

6. Next to the chart is a tabular representation of the values of the studied indicators, similar to the form 224 / y.

The device includes an option to build a diagram in parallel coordinates. Unlike the petal chart proposed above, this option provides detailed information about the indicators of the study separately, but is less perceived if it is necessary to visually analyze several indicators at once found on different parts of the diagram. The construction of the diagram in the proposed device is as follows:

1. At the top of the chart is a tabular view similar to form 224 / y;

2. A straight line is drawn from each column, tabular presentation, showing the axis for each indicator of the analysis;

3. On each axis of the diagram, boundary values or degrees of deviation are marked (if known for this type of analysis). The boundary values of indicators, in contrast to the previous version, are displayed in the absolute scale. If the results are outside the acceptable limits, they are also displayed in red with different intensities, depending on the degree of deviation.

This approach allows you to immediately draw the user's attention to problematic indicators;

4. The boundary values are connected by a broken dashed line, and the area between them is filled with a light color that is different from the background;

5. On the axes of the chart the values of the indicators of analysis are marked. If the results are outside the acceptable limits, they are displayed in red with different intensities, depending on the degree of deviation. This approach allows you to immediately draw the user's attention to problematic indicators;

6. Values for all indicators are connected by a broken line; moreover, if the resulting region is outside the range of acceptable values, it is highlighted by a gradient from yellow to red - the more saturated the color, the more problematic the indicator (Fig. 4);

The device includes a unit for determining deviations 1, used for the initial analysis of the values of the studied indicators, their verification and user display of the primary diagnosis. For this purpose, three indicators with the most severe deviations from normal values and a brief description of the problems that they may lead to are displayed on a printed form provided to the patient.

The device includes a recommendation generation unit 2, which, based on information on deviations, provides information on those actions that are necessary in order to return indicators with deviations to normal. This information is also displayed on a printed form provided to the patient (Fig. 5).

The output of the block forming results 3 can be connected to a personal computer, printer, or mobile device. A universal interface allows you to transparently work with any of these devices.

Also, the device can be supplemented with a unit for providing information for online services, which is presented in the form of a memory module that stores the results of analyzes of various patients.

The technical result of the proposed device is the automation of the diagnostic process due to the fact that it contains a block for determining deviations, a block of a databank about the boundary values of indicators, a block of a bank of knowledge about the causes of deviations, a block of a bank of knowledge about the relationships and degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values that provide automation diagnostic process in that all the information about the reference data is already embedded in the device (This is achieved by adding a block of data on the boundary conditions, a ban block and knowledge of the causes of deviations and knowledge bank of the interactions and block exponents of deviations from the normal range) and, moreover, is adapted during operation.

Such automation can reduce the amount of work of medical personnel and reduce the number of errors. The results of the analysis obtained using the prototype device require additional participation of a person after the device is completed, and moreover, this person performing the diagnosis needs to find reference information for each specific patient based on his personal indicators for each parameter (perception time ~ 200 ms) (weight, height, age, gender, nationality, etc.) and determine the degree of deviation. The duration of this process depends on the degree of training of a particular medical officer performing the diagnosis and can vary from tens of minutes to an hour.

The indicator of the number of errors in the prototype device depends only on the medical officer making the diagnostics based on the analysis data obtained from the device’s operation and his knowledge about

subject area, mindfulness and other human factors. In the proposed device, the number of human-dependent errors is compensated by the knowledge base used by the device in the data block about boundary conditions 4, the knowledge bank block about the causes of deviations 5 and the knowledge bank block about the relationships and degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values 6. Thus if a person makes 5% errors due to carelessness or fatigue in the diagnosis, and the knowledge base is configured so that it can compensate for 3% of such errors, the proposed device makes 2% errors. Thus, reducing the number of errors allows you to simplify the work of the employee, as it reduces the costs required for manual error control.

The table below shows the characteristics for each comparative factor:

Also, the introduction of a recommendation generation unit, a results generation unit, and a bank of methods for presenting results can reduce the search time for the most critical indicators obtained from the deviation determination unit by highlighting the output display unit in color, which also indicates a simplification of the diagnostic process. Focusing on critical indicators takes less than 200 ms (occurs subconsciously), and it will take less than a few minutes to diagnose the entire set of other parameters.

Thus, the proposed device allows you to simplify and automate the process of diagnosing human health due to

the fact that the search for all the reference information is carried out automatically in the proposed device, the most important analysis parameters are automatically highlighted, and the need for manual control of errors made during the diagnosis is minimized.

Claims (4)

 1. A device for diagnosing human health, containing blocks of data and knowledge banks with a block of external sources, a block for generating recommendations and a block for generating results, characterized in that it additionally contains a block for determining deviations, a block for bank of methods for presenting results, a block of external sources for data banks and of knowledge, blocks of data and knowledge banks are made in the form of a block of a data bank on boundary values of indicators, a block of a knowledge bank about the causes of deviations and a block of a knowledge bank about relationships and the deviations of indicators from normal values, and the outputs of the deviation determination unit are connected to the recommendations generation unit, the results display unit, the knowledge bank unit about the causes of deviations and the knowledge bank about relationships, and the output of the recommendations generation unit is connected to the results display unit, the outputs of the external source unit for data and knowledge banks are connected to a data bank block on the boundary values of indicators, a knowledge bank block about the reasons for deviations, a knowledge bank block about relationships and the degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values, the bank unit of methods for presenting results, the outputs of the data bank of the boundary values of indicators, the knowledge bank about the reasons for deviations and the knowledge bank block about the relationships and degrees of deviations of indicators from normal values are connected to the deviation determination unit, and the output a block of a bank of methods for presenting results is connected to a block for displaying results. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the bank unit of the methods for presenting the results is made in the form of a block for constructing a petal diagram. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bank unit of the methods for presenting the results is made in the form of a block for constructing a diagram in parallel coordinates. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that it additionally introduced a block providing information for online services.

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