RU15531U1 - MILLING MACHINE FOR Forage Harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The chopping apparatus of the forage harvester, comprising a drum located in the casing with disks on which knife holders are mounted with knives mounted on them, while the knife holders are made in the form of supporting plates with V-shaped blades fixed to them and a foot plate with knife fastening elements, characterized the fact that the V-shaped blades are made in the form of two plates connected by means of a permanent connection between each other and with the supporting plates, while the first plate is located at an angle α equal to 15 - 25k the flat plane of the drum and is equipped with a guide for the crushed mass, and the second plate is located at an angle β to the first plate, equal to 35 - 45, while the scaffold, located at an angle δ equal to 20 - 35k of the tangent plane of the drum, is connected using one-piece connection with the bearing plates. 2. A grinding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the height h of the first plate is 0.15 - 0.3 of the radius of the drum. A grinding apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide of the ground mass is made in the form of an edge of the first plate formed on a curved surface with the possibility of withdrawing the ground mass from the cutting edge of the knife. The grinding apparatus according to paragraphs. 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the fastening elements of the knife are made in the form of at least two bushings fixed in the holes of the foot plate with an integral connection and provided with an internal thread. Grinding apparatus according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the one-piece connection is made welded.

Description

MILLING MACHINE FOR Forage Harvester

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, namely, to the designs of grinding apparatus for forage harvesters.

Known grinding apparatus of the forage harvester (description of copyright certificate No. 1803001, IPC A 01 D 29/00, publ. BI No. 11, 03/23/93), including a rotor located in the casing, on the disks of which are mounted bearing plates with knives fixed to them and V-shaped blades, the height of which is 0.35-0.5 of the radius of the drum, while the blades are made in the form of a stamped part.

The disadvantage of this design of the grinding drum is the low-tech design of the grinding drum, as well as suboptimal conditions of grinding and ejection of the mass.

The task solved by the utility model is to increase the manufacturability of the design of the grinding apparatus and to increase the quality of grinding the mass.

The technical result achieved by solving the task is to simplify the design of the grinding drum, improving the conditions of grinding and mass ejection.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the grinding apparatus of the forage harvester, which includes a drum with disks placed in the housing, on which the knife holders with knives mounted on them are placed, while the knife holders are made in the form of bearing plates with V-shaped blades fixed to them and a foot plate with with knife fastening elements, V-shaped blades are made in the form of two plates connected by means of one-piece connection to each other and to the bearing plates, while the first plate

is located at an angle a equal to 15 ° ... 25 ° to the tangent plane of the drum and is equipped with a guide of the crushed mass, and the second plate is located at an angle of 3 to the first plate, equal to 35 ° ... 45 °, while the trimming bar, located at an angle 5, equal to 20 ° ... 35 ° to the tangent plane of the drum, is connected by means of one-piece connection with the bearing plates. Besides:

- the height of the first plate is 0.15 ... 0.3 of the radius of the drum;

-the guide of the crushed mass is made in the form of the edge of the first plate formed on a curved surface with the possibility of withdrawing the crushed mass from the cutting edge of the knife;

- the knife fastening elements are made in the form of at least two bushings fixed in the holes of the foot plate with an integral connection and provided with an internal thread;

- one-piece connection made welded.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a grinding apparatus; FIG. 2 - chopping drum, in FIG. 3, 4 - knife holder of the chopping drum, in FIG. 5 is a diagram of the distribution of forces acting on a portion of ground mass.

The grinding apparatus includes a housing 1 with a drum 2 placed in it with disks 3 and an opposing plate 4. On the latter, knife holders 5 are installed, consisting of supporting plates 6, fixed with bolts 7 to the disks 3. On the supporting plates 6, they are fixed with a welded joint 8 the foot plates 9, equipped with threaded bushings 10, intended for fastening the knife 11. On the supporting plates 6, plates 12 and 13 are also fixed, which are the throwing elements of the drum 2. The plate 12 is fixed at an angle to the tangent

2

the plane of the drum 2, the value of which is selected from the range of 15 ° - 25 °, which ensures optimal conditions for the disintegration of the crushed mass from the plate 12. The bottom plate 9 is fixed at an angle to the tangent plane of the drum 2 selected from the range of 20 ° ... 35 °, which ensures minimum energy consumption the best quality of mass cutting. The height of the plate 12, selected from a range of 0.15 0.3 of the radius of the drum, provides the necessary airflow for effective mass ejection. The implementation of the plate 12 with a height greater than 0.3 of the radius of the drum reduces the internal volume of the drum, which negatively affects the stability of the process of grinding the mass, increases the likelihood of clogging the drum with crushed mass. At the same time, the mass of the drum and the moment of inertia increase, which negatively affects the operability of the drum drive. The implementation of the plate 12 with a height less than 0.15 of the radius of the drum does not provide the necessary air velocity in the grinding apparatus, which also leads to clogging of the apparatus, especially when grinding a moistened mass. The guide 13, made on the plate 12, provides unimpeded removal of a portion of the cut mass from the cutting edge of the knife 11, eliminating the sticking of the mass in the area of the cutting edge.

The grinding apparatus operates as follows. The mass to be crushed by compressed stream enters the counter plate 4. Cutting off a portion of the mass occurs between the edge of the counter plate 4 and the cutting edge of the knife 11, then a portion of the cut mass enters the plate 12, which transports it to the exhaust window 14 of the housing 1, and to a portion of the cut mass the following forces act: gravity force G, friction force F, centrifugal inertia force N. The angle a, equal to 15 ° ... 25 °, selects the ratio between the friction force F and centrifugal inertia force N, which provides stable mass ejection process. The angle 5 equal to 20 ° ... 35 ° to the tangent plane of the drum is selected,

ooot based on the minimum energy required to cut a portion of the mass, while

the minimum angle is limited by the absence of contact between the edge of the opposing plate and the edge of the knife opposite the cutting, and depends on the width of the knife and the gap between the knife and the opposing plate. The minimum energy for cutting a portion of the mass is expended if the knife comes into contact with the crushed mass at a right angle, and the gap between the cutting edge of the knife and the counter plate tends to zero, but under these conditions the width of the knife should be minimal, which is unacceptable from the point view of strength.

Thus, the use of a utility model can improve the stability of the grinding process and simplify the design of the grinding drum.

Claims (5)

1. The chopper of the forage harvester, including a drum located in the casing with disks on which knife holders are mounted with knives mounted on them, while the knife holders are made in the form of supporting plates with V-shaped blades fixed to them and a foot plate with knife fastening elements, characterized in that the V-shaped arms are in the form of two plates connected by means of the permanent connection between themselves and with the support plates, the first plate is disposed at an angle α, equal to 15 - 25 ^o to the tangent Yelnia drum plane and is provided with the guide chopped material and the second plate is disposed at an angle β to the first plate of 35 - 45 ^o, wherein podnozhevaya strap, the angled δ, equal to 20 - 35 ^o to the tangent of the drum plane, is connected by means of a one-piece connections to bearing plates.  2. The grinding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the height h of the first plate is 0.15 - 0.3 of the radius of the drum.  3. The grinding apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide of the ground mass is made in the form of an edge of the first plate formed on a curved surface with the possibility of removing the ground mass from the cutting edge of the knife.  4. The grinding apparatus according to paragraphs. 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the fastening elements of the knife are made in the form of at least two bushings, fixed in the holes of the foot plate with an integral connection and provided with an internal thread. 5. The grinding apparatus according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the one-piece connection is made welded.