RU155294U1 - DISINFECTED DEVICE FOR INFECTED MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for the disinfection of infected materials, comprising a cavity forming a body of a metal working chamber with one or two doors, at least two microwave generators connected to the inputs of microwave irradiators, the outputs of which are directed to the working chamber, device control means, the camera’s outer casing and the layer thermal insulation made on the outer surface of the metal casing, characterized in that heat sources are fixed at the bottom of the working chamber casing, the control inputs of which are connected to the control means Nia device.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of medicine and ecology, and can be used, for example, for the disinfection of medical wastes of dangerous and extremely dangerous classes in the places of their primary education - in any medical institution.

A known device for the treatment of medical waste based on microwave technology [MediSter system for the collection and disinfection of medical waste. Install MediSter 160. Website on the Internet. Company METEKA GmbH, Austria].

Such a device comprises a microwave chamber with a rotating stand for installing one waste container, a system for forcing disinfectant and water into the chamber, a system for generating and supplying microwave energy to the chamber, and a control and monitoring means. The system for generating and supplying microwave energy into the chamber contains three magnetrons mounted uniformly along the height of the vertical wall one above the other. The magnetron power sources are connected to the corresponding phases of the 380 V three-phase network, and the emitting magnetron pins are directly inserted into the microwave chamber to excite many higher-type electromagnetic waves in it. The radiating pins of the magnetrons are covered with protective caps transparent to microwaves. The design of the device provides uniform heating of humidified waste of heterogeneous composition.

A disadvantage of the known device is its low productivity - 12-15 kg of disinfected waste per hour, and increased mass-dimensional characteristics of the device: weight 350 kg, overall dimensions 1160 × 732 × 1670 mm with a working chamber volume of 60 l.

The increased specific energy costs, the need for a three-phase alternating current network, as well as the increased mass and dimensions of the known technical solutions prevent their use in medium-sized hospitals as a simple and affordable means for disinfection of infected wastes at the places of their formation.

The known device for microwave disinfection of infected medical materials [WO 2005/009494 A1] comprises a cavity forming a metal working chamber body with one or two double-walled doors, at least two microwave ovens with antiphase power, microwaves with oppositely oriented and orthogonally polarized Microwave irradiators, power and cooling means for microwave generators, device control, the outer casing of the chamber and the insulation layer made on the outer surface ti metal enclosure, microwave irradiators and in the interspace doors.

The mass of such a device does not exceed 55 kg, and its dimensions are 1200 × 540 × 560 mm with a working chamber volume of 150 liters.

However, the disadvantage of such a device is that after turning on the device, the lower layer of the aqueous solution in containers, which has gone down after wetting the materials, always warms up longer than its upper layers. The heating of this layer takes longer when its temperature is close to + 4 ° C, and it does not absorb in the collected waste (for example, glass, plastic, rubber), but accumulates in full at the bottom of the containers. In this case, the level of the solution in the container may exceed 40 mm, which is 2-3 times higher than the depth of penetration of microwaves into water. [Microwave Energy, Volume 2, edited by E. Okress, trans. from English, p. 25. "Mir", 1971], _ In addition, under the influence of gravitational forces, a solution with a maximum density accumulates in the lower layer. This layer is a continuous zone of convective stagnation, which is heated by microwaves longer than the upper layers of the solution.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to reduce the heating time of an aqueous solution in containers from an initial temperature of + 4 ° C to a temperature of 100 ° C.

In the proposed utility model, the problem is solved by the fact that in the device for the disinfection of infected materials containing a cavity forming a metal working chamber with one or two doors, at least two microwave generators connected to the inputs of the microwave irradiators, the outputs of which are directed to the working a camera, device control means, an outer casing of the camera, and a thermal insulation layer formed on the outer surface of the metal case. Moreover, in accordance with the utility model, heat sources are rigidly fixed from the bottom of the working chamber body, the control inputs of which are connected to the device control means.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to reduce the boiling time of an aqueous solution by 6 minutes by microwave processing of two containers with infected materials moistened with an aqueous solution with an initial temperature of + 4 ° C.

A non-obvious technical effect of the proposed method is that short-term heating from the bottom of the bottoms of the containers to a temperature of 60 ° C at the very beginning of their microwave irradiation significantly reduces the time of heating the aqueous solution in containers from an initial temperature of + 4 ° C to a temperature of 100 ° C.

The figure schematically shows a device according to this utility model.

The device for disinfecting infected materials contains a body (1) of a metal working chamber (2) with one or two doors, at least two, which are switched in antiphase by power, a microwave generator (3) with counter-oriented microwave irradiators (4), and power supplies and cooling microwave generators, aeration channel of the chamber, device control means, the outer casing of the chamber and the insulation layer (5), made on the outer surface of the metal casing (1), on the microwave irradiators (4) and in the inter-wall space of the doors.

From the bottom of the bottom of the housing (1) of the working chamber (2) opposite the bottom of each container (6) loaded into the chamber (2), heat sources (7) are additionally installed under the insulation layer (5), the power of which during their active state does not soften the bottom of the polymer containers (6) in contact with the bottom of the working chamber (2) of the device.

The device operates as follows. When opening the door of the working chamber (2) (not shown in the figure), the device control means (not shown in the figure) includes heat sources (7). Containers (6) with moistened infected materials are loaded into the working chamber (2) and the chamber door (2) is closed.

During loading of containers (6) into the working chamber (2), heat sources (7) are heated and the bottom parts of containers (6) begin to heat through the bottom of the housing (1). In the bottom layer of the solution, a uniformly warming thin layer of the solution begins to form.

After closing the door, the control means includes microwave generators (3), the microwave energy of which through the waveguide irradiators (4) enters the working chamber (2). In the working chamber (2), a resonance of standing waves of higher types arises, the frequency spectrum of which lies in the operating frequency band of microwave generators (3).

The bottom layer of the solution (not shown in the figure) in containers (6) is affected by two vertical heat gradients - the first, of microwave origin, has a discrete structure in the horizontal plane and is directed from top to bottom, and of the second, of thermal origin, has a uniform structure in the horizontal plane and is directed upwards.

Due to the occurrence of a second heat gradient in the solution directed from the bottom up, the occurrence of convective stagnation regions in the bottom layer of the solution is prevented. At the same time, the density of the thin bottom layer of the solution decreases, this layer slowly begins to rise up, towards the heat going down. Further, the heating process rapidly increases due to the above physical dependences and the bottom region of convective stagnation sets in motion at a bottom temperature of 60 ° C - at this moment the control device turns off the heat sources (7).

Further, disinfection of materials is carried out only by microwave irradiation. After the technological time has elapsed, as a rule, it is 25-35 minutes after boiling the aqueous solution (depending on the quantity of the solution and its initial temperature), the control device turns off the microwave irradiation of the containers. This ends the disinfection cycle of infected materials.

The temperature of the bottoms of 60 ° C is reached after 8-12 minutes, depending on the weight of the loaded materials, temperature and mass of the humidifier in the containers.

Thus, the introduction of additional heat sources 7, which work briefly at the very beginning of microwave heating of materials, favorably distinguishes this technical solution from the prototype and can significantly reduce the heating time of an aqueous solution in containers from an initial temperature of + 4 ° C to a temperature of 100 ° C .

For the technical verification of this solution, a mock-up of the working chamber was made with the parameters:

- internal dimensions of the working chamber, mm: 800 × 450 × 410; - volume of the working chamber, l 147; - the number of containers placed in the chamber, pcs 2; - volume of one container, l 37; - the number of microwave generators, pcs 2; - coefficient of the standing wave input microwave irradiators 1.58.

Chamber material - 1 mm thick stainless steel sheet.

The position of the irradiators corresponds to the drawing. At the bottom of the case there are two closed-type thermoelectric heaters used in household electric stoves.

The model used 2 magnetrons of type 2M214 of the Korean company LG. The working frequency of magnetrons is 2450 ± 50 MHz, and the microwave power is 800-850 W.

To determine the permissible parameters of heat sources in the experiment, measurement and adjustment of the voltage of the primary network supplying heat sources were provided.

The temperature of the bottom of the chamber under the polymer containers was measured with thermocouples mounted on the outside of the chamber body. The moment of boiling of the aqueous solution was determined remotely by the readings of a digital infrared thermometer, the beam of which was directed through the transcendent non-radiating hole in the wall of the camera body to the side surfaces of the containers in the region of their bottom.

Example 1. An aqueous solution of liquid soap was prepared in the ratio of 15 ml of soap per 1 liter of water with a temperature of + 4 ° C. 2.3 l of an aqueous solution was poured into each container, which corresponds to the maximum mass of infected materials per container. The height of the solution from the bottom of the container was 42 mm. After that, the containers were tightly closed with lids and installed in the working chamber, as shown in the drawing. They turned on microwave heating without turning on the bottom heaters. The solution boiled after 26 minutes.

Example 2. The experiment was repeated with the same amount of freshly poured cold solution and heaters turned on 10 seconds before the magnetrons were turned on. The solution boiled after 20 minutes, and the heaters were turned on for 12 minutes. At the same time, the temperature of the external parts of the device in the area where the heaters were located was significantly lower than 55 ° C allowed by the safety standard. The power consumption of each heater was 120 W, and the additional electrical energy W consumed per cycle was:

W = 2 · P · t = 2 · 120 · 720 = 172800 J = 172800 · 2.78 · 10 ^-4 W · h = 48 W · h = 0.048 kW · h

where: P is the power of one heater, 120 W;

t is the duration of the heaters, 720 s.

The experiments showed that the introduction of short-term heating of the bottoms of containers to 60 ° C at the very beginning of their microwave irradiation allows to accelerate the boiling time of an aqueous solution in containers by 6 minutes at an initial temperature of the humidifier + 4 ° C and its maximum permissible mass in containers.

Heaters for a given power can be performed, in particular, on the basis of closed-type thermoelectric heaters.

Claims (1)

A device for the disinfection of infected materials, comprising a cavity forming a body of a metal working chamber with one or two doors, at least two microwave generators connected to the inputs of microwave irradiators, the outputs of which are directed to the working chamber, device control means, the camera’s outer casing and the layer thermal insulation made on the outer surface of the metal casing, characterized in that heat sources are fixed at the bottom of the working chamber casing, the control inputs of which are connected to the control means Nia device.

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