RU154427U1 - FIRE BOILER - Google Patents

Abstract

A fire tube boiler containing a cylindrical shell with front and rear tube boards welded to its ends, forming a boiler body, in which a heat pipe forming the first stroke, and sections of smoke tubes for passing fuel combustion products forming the second and third moves, are rotatable the chamber formed by the front and rear ends, the boiler body is equipped with nozzles for the water inlet and outlet of the heating circuit and is mounted on two supports located in the lower part of the body, one of which is made movable, with the front part of the flame tube welded to the front tube plate of the boiler body, the rear part of the flame tube welded to the front flat end of the rotary chamber, to the rear end of which a pipe is equipped with an explosive hatch extending outside the boiler body, characterized in that the rear the tube plate of the casing is made in a dish-shaped form and is equipped with a lens compensator mounted on the outside of its elliptical part and connected by means of a ring to the nozzle of the explosive hatch passing inside to a friction tube and welded to the elliptical rear end of the rotary chamber, connected through the front flat end with the flame tube, reinforcing rings are welded to the outer surface of the smooth flame tube, while the flame tube is equipped with movable supports mounted in the rear part symmetrically to its vertical axis, and the front end of the flame pipes are welded to the flat front tube plate of the boiler body.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of boiler building, in particular to designs of horizontal tube type fire tube heating boilers or steam boilers designed for heat supply of buildings and structures or technological needs of enterprises equipped with water heating and hot water supply systems with forced circulation and can be used in stationary and block modular heat supply systems and (or) steam supply.

Known fire tube boiler according to patent RU №2117860 C1, IPC F22B 13/04, F22B 13/16, from 09.10.1996, publ. 08/20/1998, formed by a cylindrical shell fastened at the ends with front and rear bottoms, a longitudinally oriented flame tube is attached to the front bottom, fastened at the other end to the front bottom of the rotary chamber, connected at the ends to the front and rear bottoms, to which the pipe is connected a blast valve connected at the other end to the rear bottom and closed the cover of the blast valve in the form of a hatch, the front bottom of the rotary chamber is fastened with smoke tubes of the second stroke with the front bottom of the housing, nnym with fire tubes of the third turn with the rear bottom.

However, the reliability of the known boiler design is reduced due to the fact that the heat pipe is rigidly bonded to the boiler body by means of a nozzle of the blast valve, which leads to the transfer of stresses from the difference in temperature expansion of the heat pipe and the boiler body to the body, which leads to the boiler leaving the boiler as early as possible system. In addition, the presence of anchor connections increases the boiler metal consumption as a whole, which affects the cost of its manufacture.

The closest technical solution, chosen as a prototype, is a FR-10-10-10-120 fire tube boiler manufactured by the ZIOSAB-DON power engineering plant, disclosed on the website:, 2007 and an update drawing containing a cylindrical shell with welded to to its ends of the rear and front pipe boards, forming the boiler body, in which the heat pipe is installed, forming the first stroke, and sections of the smoke pipes for the passage of fuel combustion products (flue gases) inside them, forming the second and third strokes, turn the chamber formed by the front and rear ends, the boiler body is equipped with water inlet and outlet pipes of the heating circuit, the boiler is installed on two supports located in the lower part of the body, one of which is movable, the front part of the heat pipe is welded to the front tube board of the boiler body, the back of the flame tube is welded to the front flat end of the rotary chamber, to the rear end of which a pipe is welded, equipped with an explosive hatch that extends beyond the boiler body.

A disadvantage of the known boiler design is the significant metal consumption due to the use of a corrugated flame tube and anchor connections between the rotary chamber and the rear tube plate of the boiler, and the presence of flanged tube plates of the boiler body, which leads to increased costs for its manufacture. The presence of anchor ties rigidly fixed between the rotary chamber and the rear tube plate of the boiler leads to the transfer of stresses from the difference in temperature expansions of the flame tube and the boiler body to the body and a possible earlier failure. In case of failure of the corrugated flame tube, it is necessary to replace the boiler as a whole.

The technical problem solved by the utility model is to increase the reliability of the boiler, its maintainability, reduce the metal consumption of the boiler and reduce the cost of its manufacture.

This task is achieved in that a fire tube boiler containing a cylindrical shell with front and rear tube boards welded to its ends, forming a boiler body in which a heat pipe is installed that forms the first stroke, and sections of smoke tubes for passage of fuel combustion products forming second and third strokes, a rotary chamber formed by the front and rear ends, the boiler body is equipped with water inlet and outlet pipes of the heating circuit and is mounted on two supports located at the bottom and the casing, one of which is movable, with the front part of the flame tube welded to the front tube of the boiler body, the rear part of the flame tube welded to the front flat end of the rotary chamber, to the rear end of which a pipe is welded, equipped with an explosive hatch extending outside the housing boiler, according to a utility model, the rear tube plate of the housing is made in a plate shape and is equipped with a lens compensator mounted on the outside of its elliptical part and connected via a ring to a pat the blast hatch is inserted inside the compensator and welded to the elliptical rear end of the rotary chamber connected through the front flat end with the flame tube, reinforcing rings are welded to the outer surface of the smooth flame tube, while the flame tube is equipped with movable supports mounted in the rear part symmetrically to its vertical axis, and the front end of the flame tube is welded to the flat front tube plate of the boiler body.

The use of a plate-shaped rear tube plate of the housing with an elliptical central part and supplying it with a lens compensator mounted on the outer side of the elliptical part of the rear tube plate, connecting the compensator by means of a ring to the nozzle of the blast hatch passing inside the compensator and welded to the elliptical rear end of the rotary chamber, as well as the connection the pivoting chamber through the front flat end with a flame tube eliminates anchor connections, which reduces metal consumption and oimosti producing boiler, and improves the reliability of the boiler and improves maintainability.

The use of a smooth flame tube with reinforcing rings welded to the outer surface of the flame tube (instead of corrugated in the prototype), as well as a flat front tube plate of the housing without flanging, reduces the metal consumption and, therefore, the cost of manufacturing the boiler, as well as increase its maintainability.

The use of an elliptical rear end instead of a shell and a flat rear end of the pivoting chamber eliminates anchor ties, which reduces the metal consumption and, consequently, the cost of manufacturing the boiler, and also improves the reliability of the boiler.

Placing a lens compensator on the outside of the boiler compensates for the difference in temperature expansion of the flame tube and the boiler body and reduces the voltage in the boiler body from this difference in expansion, which increases the reliability of the boiler and its maintainability.

The use of movable supports installed in the rear of the heat pipe symmetrically to its vertical axis allows its free movement during thermal expansion, without transferring loads from the weight of the pipe to the lens compensator, which increases the reliability of the boiler.

The proposed design of the fire tube boiler is illustrated by drawings, where:

in FIG. 1 schematically shows a General view of the fire tube boiler, a longitudinal section;

in FIG. 2 is a view A in FIG. 1 shows the location of the lens compensator on the outside of the elliptical part of the rear tube plate of the dish-shaped body, the connection of the compensator by means of a ring to the nozzle of the blast hatch passing inside the compensator and welded to the elliptical rear end of the rotary chamber, and also the connection of the rotary chamber through the front flat end with the heat a pipe.

The numbering of the details of the fire tube boiler is presented in the following sequence:

1 - shell shell

2 - front tube plate of the housing is flat

3 - rear tube plate of the dish-shaped housing

4 - flame tube

5 - smoke tubes

6 - PTZ camera

7 - front end of the PTZ camera

8 - rear elliptical end face of the PTZ camera

9 - reinforcing rings

10 - water inlet pipe

11 - pipe outlet water

12 - movable support of the boiler

13 - fixed support of the boiler

14 - pipe blasting hatch

15 - explosive hatch

16 - ring

17 - lens compensator

18 - movable (sliding) support of the flame tube

19 - boiler door

20 - flue gas pipe

21 - flue gas box

The fire tube tube contains a cylindrical shell 1, to the ends of which a flat front tube plate 2 and a rear tube plate 3 are plate-shaped, the central part of which is elliptical. The shell 1 with tube plates 2 and 3 forms the boiler body. In the boiler body there is a flame tube 4, smoke tubes 5 and a rotary chamber 6, inside which the products of fuel combustion (flue gases) pass. Heated water is located in the annulus. Fire tube boiler, three-way flue gas, horizontal version (Fig. 1). The first stroke of the boiler consists of a furnace in the form of a horizontally mounted smooth cylindrical flame tube 4 and a rotary chamber 6 formed by a flat front 7 and elliptical rear 8 ends of the rotary chamber 6. The flame tube 4 is a combustion chamber in which fuel is burned, equipped with reinforcing rings 9, welded to its outer surface, ensuring the strength of the flame tube 4. The front of the flame tube 4 is designed to install a burner device for burning gaseous or liquid fuels (not shown ). The second and third strokes are made in the form of sections of smoke pipes 5. The boiler body is equipped with nozzles for the inlet 10 and outlet 11 of the heating circuit water located in the upper part of the boiler. The boiler is installed on two supports 12 and 13, mounted in the lower part of the housing. The support 12 is installed in front of the housing and is movable. The front part of the flame tube 4 is welded to the front tube board 2 of the boiler body. The rear elliptical end face 8 of the rotary chamber 6 is welded to the front end 7 of the rotary chamber. The nozzle 14 of the explosive hatch 15 is welded to the rear elliptical end face 8 of the rotary chamber 6. The explosion hatch 15 is located outside the boiler body and is connected to the poppet rear tube plate 3 of the boiler body through the ring 16 and the lens compensator 17 welded to the nozzle 14 of the explosion hatch 15 (Fig. 2). The lens compensator 17 is welded at one end to the ring 16, and the other to the rear tube plate 3 plate-shaped.

In the rear part of the flame tube 4 closer to the rotary chamber 6 there are two (maybe one) movable (sliding) supports 18 located between the wall of the flame tube 4 and the shell 1 of the housing. Movable supports 18 are installed symmetrically to the vertical axis of the flame tube 4, are designed to absorb loads from the weight of the flame tube 4 and allow it to expand freely when heated during operation. The nozzle 14 of the blast hatch 15 extends inside the lens compensator 17. The lens compensator 17 is mounted externally on the outside of the boiler and is designed to compensate for the difference in temperature extensions of the flame tube 4 and the boiler body, which can significantly reduce the voltage in the boiler body from this difference of extensions, which increases the reliability of operation boiler and its maintainability. The rotary chamber 6 is a connecting flue between the flame tube 4 and the first section of the smoke tubes 5. The front end 7 of the rotary chamber 6 is connected to the flat front tube plate 2 of the housing by means of the flame tube 4 and the second section of the smoke tubes 5. The door 19 of the boiler covers the pipes of the first and second sections of the smoke pipes 5, connecting them through the gas-air path. The door 19 of the boiler is attached to the flat front tube plate 2 of the boiler and is designed to create a rotary gas duct between the smoke tubes 5 of the first and second sections, to inspect and clean the in-tube space of the sections of the smoke tubes 5. The smoke tubes 5 of the third stroke are welded to the tube sheets 2 and 3 of the boiler. Cooled flue gases leave through the flue gas pipe 20 mounted on the flue gas duct 21 located at the outlet of the second section of the smoke tubes 5.

The fire tube boiler works as follows.

The operation of the fire tube boiler is based on the combustion of fuel in the furnace (flame tube) of the boiler and the subsequent transfer of thermal energy to the burned fuel. Gaseous or liquid fuels can be used as fuel. From the flame tube 4, the combustion products enter the rotary chamber 6 (first stroke), in which they are deployed and distributed through the smoke tubes 5 of the first section (second stroke). Having passed inside the flame tube and through the pipes 5 of the first section, the combustion products give off heat to the water located in the boiler between the pipes 5. Next, the hot gases enter the front door 19 of the boiler, where they are turned and distributed through pipes 5 of the second section (third stroke) and also heated water in the boiler. After the third move, the cooled gases enter the flue gas box 21 and exit through the flue gas pipe 20 and then into the chimney. The heated water enters the boiler through the pipe 10 of the water inlet, and the heated water leaves through the pipe 11 in the water heating system.

In the event of an explosion (“popping”) of the gas-air mixture in the boiler furnace, the explosive hatch 15 opens, releasing hot gases, which eliminates damage to the boiler. When burning fuel, the heat pipe 4 and the first section of the smoke pipes 5 are heated, which leads to an increase in their length inside the boiler. Due to the presence of a movable (sliding) support 18 installed in the rear part of the flame tube 4 between its wall and the boiler body and the lens compensator 17, additional stresses in the boiler structure from the difference in temperature extensions of the flame tube 4, the first section of the smoke tubes 5 and the shell 1 of the housing are eliminated boiler during its operation.

The proposed technical solution has advantages in comparison with the prototype and well-known technical solutions:

- reduction of metal consumption and cost of boilers, as well as increasing their reliability and maintainability, which are achieved due to:

- the use of a smooth flame tube with reinforcing rings welded to its outer surface instead of a corrugated flame tube, which reduces the metal consumption and, consequently, the cost of manufacturing the boiler, as well as improving the maintainability of the boiler;

- the use of a flat front tube plate of the housing without flanging, which reduces metal consumption and, consequently, the cost of manufacturing the boiler;

- the use of a plate-shaped rear tube plate of the boiler body together with the rear elliptical end face of the rotary chamber, which reduces the metal consumption and, consequently, the cost of manufacturing the boiler;

- the use of a lens compensator mounted externally on the outside of the boiler, which improves the reliability and maintainability of the boiler;

- refusal to use expensive and metal-intensive corrugated flame tubes, front and rear flanged tube boards, which allows to reduce the metal consumption of manufactured boilers and their cost, as well as to increase their maintainability.

Thus, the proposed design of the fire tube boiler significantly reduces the metal consumption and cost of boilers, increases their reliability and maintainability.

Claims (1)

A fire tube boiler containing a cylindrical shell with front and rear tube boards welded to its ends, forming a boiler body, in which a heat pipe forming the first stroke, and sections of smoke tubes for passing fuel combustion products forming the second and third moves, are rotatable the chamber formed by the front and rear ends, the boiler body is equipped with nozzles for the water inlet and outlet of the heating circuit and is mounted on two supports located in the lower part of the body, one of which is made movable, with the front part of the flame tube welded to the front tube plate of the boiler body, the rear part of the flame tube welded to the front flat end of the rotary chamber, to the rear end of which a pipe is equipped with an explosive hatch extending outside the boiler body, characterized in that the rear the tube plate of the casing is made in a dish-shaped form and is equipped with a lens compensator mounted on the outside of its elliptical part and connected by means of a ring to the nozzle of the explosive hatch passing inside to a friction tube and welded to the elliptical rear end of the rotary chamber, connected through the front flat end with the flame tube, reinforcing rings are welded to the outer surface of the smooth flame tube, while the flame tube is equipped with movable supports mounted in the rear part symmetrically to its vertical axis, and the front end of the flame pipes are welded to the flat front tube plate of the boiler body.

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