RU152820U1 - ELECTRIC HEATER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An electric heater comprising a monolithic rectangular case made of insulating material, in which a heating element and a power supply cable are enclosed in a sheath made of silicone rubber, characterized in that the insulating material is a mixture of purified quartz sand, carbon fiber, powdered calcium, gypsum and white cement mortar in the following ratio of ingredients, weight. %: 2. An electric heater according to claim 1, characterized in that medicinal and aromatic additives, for example, based on pine nut oil, can be added to the insulating material.

Description

The proposed technical solution relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to electric heaters, and is intended for heating residential buildings, country houses, cottages, industrial premises and other facilities.

A known flexible electric heater containing two insulating woven bases, impregnated with a material located between them conductive layers made of a mixture of heat-treated thermosetting polymer binder and graphite filler, conductors and an outer insulation coating (RF patent No. 2006187, H05B 3/28, publ. 1994, )

The disadvantage of an electric heater is its non-rigid design, and woven bases limit the reliability and term of use of this electric heater.

Known electric heater according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2074522, H05B 3/28, publ. 02/27/1997, containing a monolithic rectangular electrical insulating casing, in which one or more heating elements of a zigzag shape with the number of sections no less than two, mounted at equal distance from the surfaces of the casing, are embedded. One ends of the heating elements are interconnected, and the opposite ends are connected to the leads. The case is made of concrete, which includes aromatic and medicinal medicinal additives.

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of manufacturing heating elements due to their design, the complexity of the assembly due to the need to isolate the heating elements when embedding them in a sand-cement mixture.

Known electric heater according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 106479, H05B 3/28, publ. 07/10/2011, containing a monolithic rectangular casing made of insulating concrete material based on quartz sand and cement, in which a heating element with at least two sections and made in the form of a zigzag is sealed equidistant from heated surfaces, and sand purified from organic impurities was used as sand quartz sand, and the heating element is made in two tiers and sealed without gaps in the sand-cement mixture, which, after hardening, serves as a body, on the end of which there is a border from an aluminum T-profile in the form of a frame with a sleeve installed in it in the place of the lead leads of the supply wire, two of which are connected to the ends of the heating element inside the frame, and the third is riveted to the frame from the inside.

The disadvantages of the known device include the insufficient heat dissipation of the electric heater, the additional costs of processing heated surfaces, as well as the decrease in consumer properties of the device due to the persistent unpleasant odor of the paint solvent arising in the room when the temperature of the painted surfaces increases.

Closest to the proposed is an electric heater according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 132661, H05B 3/28, publ. 09/20/2013, containing a monolithic rectangular case of insulating material, in which a heating element is placed in a zigzag and equidistant manner from heated planes. A mixture of quartz sand and marble chips bonded with cement mortar was used as an insulating material in approximately equal proportions, while the connected wire was enclosed in a shell of silicone rubber.

A disadvantage of the known device is the uneven heat transfer from the monolithic casing of the electric heater.

The objective of the proposed solution is to expand the arsenal of technical means for this purpose, and the technical result consists in the implementation of this task.

This is achieved by the fact that the electric heater, which contains a monolithic rectangular case made of insulating material, in which the heating element is arranged in a zigzag manner and supplying an electric wire enclosed in a shell of silicone rubber, is characterized in that the insulating material is a mixture of purified quartz sand, carbon fiber, and calcium powder , gypsum and white cement mortar in the following ratio of ingredients, weight. %:

refined quartz sand - 55-60,

carbon fiber - 2-5,

powdered calcium - 5-10,

gypsum - 10-15,

white cement mortar - 10-20. These components are known, but their use in the specified amount gives a new effect, which allows to obtain a more uniform distribution of heat in a monolithic rectangular case. Refined quartz sand has a higher heat capacity and uniform distribution of heat over the monolith. Also, the specified composition due to carbon fiber gives the minimum likelihood of cracks in the monolithic body.

The optimal number of components was obtained experimentally (table).

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 - general view of the electric heater;

In FIG. 2 - design of the device.

The electric heater contains a monolithic rectangular case 1 made of a mixture of purified quartz sand, carbon fiber, powdered calcium and gypsum, bonded with a white cement mortar. The housing 1 on the end surfaces is framed by an aluminum frame of the T-profile, covered with heat-resistant paint inside and out for electrical insulation. The heating element 3 in the form of a nichrome wire is located in a zigzag plane parallel to the heated surfaces of the housing 1 at a distance of 1.5 cm from the front and 1 cm from the inner surface, as a result, the back wall heats up 10 ° C more than the front side of the case. Thanks to this design, more efficient convection is achieved. The ends of the heating element 3 are connected to the supply wire 4, passed into the housing 1 through the sleeve 5, mounted in the hole of the frame 2.

The electric heater is made as follows. A flat aluminum rectangular frame of the T-profile is installed on the desktop, on one side of which an insulating sleeve with a fixed end of the supplying three-wire wire is pre-fixed. One of the wires is riveted to the frame from the inside. Near the long sides of the frame, the required number of rods is vertically set to pull the heating element. Then, the formed volume is filled with the finished insulating mixture to 1.5 cm of the tee profile shelf and compacted with a special vibrator. After this, the nichrome wire is pulled in a zigzag fashion on the installed rods, the ends of the wire are rigidly connected to the two cores of the supply wire. Next, fill the entire insulating mixture with the finished insulating mixture to the level of the height of the brand shelf and vibrate again to seal the solidifying mixture. As the mixture hardens, the rods are removed and the filled volume continues to be compacted. At the request of users, medicinal and aromatic additives can be added to the insulating material, for example, based on pine nut oil, which will additionally provide a bactericidal effect in the room where the electric heater is used.

After connecting the electric heater to the mains, the nichrome wire heats up, the insulating mixture is heated, with which the entire volume is filled, and heat is released into the surrounding space from the heating surfaces of the device.

The proposed electric heater uses the natural properties of quartz sand to accumulate, and then radiate heat (the effect of "hot brick"), which lasts up to 1.5 hours after shutdown. The new unique composition of the insulating mixture allows you to even better store the accumulated thermal energy, and then give it a long time without the consumption of electricity, and, therefore, reduce the cost of heating the room. Due to the original design of the electric heater, the effect of natural convection is achieved.

Based on the proposed electric heater, it is possible to create an automated heating system of any complexity and for any field of application, which, together with a thermal relay of various types, will maintain a given room temperature and consume a minimum of energy.

The proposed electric heater is manufactured and manufactured under the TEPLEKO brand.

Device dimensions 600 mm × 350 mm × 25 mm Weight 11 kg Power 400 watts Maximum temperature 98 ° C Warm up to 95 ° C 20 minutes 1 ° C cooling 2 minutes The volume of the heated room 18-20 m ³

The compactness of the electric heater allows it to be widely used in various types of installation - on the floor, wall, in automated heating systems. On the front of the electric heater you can apply any color or pattern, taking into account the wishes of users.

Claims (2)

1. An electric heater comprising a monolithic rectangular case made of insulating material, in which a heating element and a power supply cable are enclosed in a sheath made of silicone rubber, characterized in that the insulating material is a mixture of purified quartz sand, carbon fiber, powdered calcium, gypsum and white cement mortar in the following ratio of ingredients, weight. %: refined quartz sand  55-60 carbon fiber 2-5 powdered calcium 5-10 gypsum 10-15 white cement mortar 10-20. 2. An electric heater according to claim 1, characterized in that medicinal and aromatic additives, for example, based on pine nut oil, can be added to the insulating material.

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