RU152562U1 - DEVICE FOR LOCALIZATION OF OIL SPILLS ON RESERVOIRS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for the localization of oil spills in water, including a barrier in the form of a multi-section elastic inflatable shell with connecting locks, filling valves, an apron and ballast, having a source of compressed gas connected by an elastic pipe to sections of an flexible inflatable membrane, characterized in that the elastic pipe connected to sections of an elastic inflatable shell through a gas supply / pumping valve, and a safety drain valve is placed in each section of the elastic inflatable shell; the gas supply / pump valve contains small-diameter inlets for supplying gas under pressure inside each section of the flexible inflatable shell and one large-diameter gas outlet for removing gas from each section, the total cross-sectional area of the gas supply inlets under pressure of the gas supply / pump valve each section should be smaller than the cross-sectional area of the safety-drain valve to ensure that all sections of the elastic inflatable shell are simultaneously filled with gas, and to provide one temporary evacuation of gas from all sections of the shell in each section in its upper part along its entire length, an auxiliary elastic perforated element is installed, in addition, one of the sections is equipped with an additional load, which ensures its priority in flooding. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic pipe in the last section from the source of compressed gas is rotated 180 ° and ends on the shore at the source of compressed gas, thereby forming a loop, both branches of which can be used together or separately for supply and ud

Description

The utility model relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular, to devices that enclose areas of the water area and prevent the spread of oil and other surface contaminants on the water.

Known devices for the localization of oil spills, including inflatable, elastic shells of various types, for example, made according to patents of Great Britain 1594698, Belgium 703356, USSR copyright certificate 1465488, Japanese applications 4-40488, 4-48889.

The design of these devices is such that to set up the boom, it is necessary to pre-fill the elastic shell with air or gas, and then install the boom on pre-installed anchors using a boat, and this requires the presence of a large number of people and takes a lot of time.

Known devices for the localization of oil spills, containing pop-up booms, made according to the author's certificate of the USSR No. 655768, published 05.04.1979, RF patent RU 2192516, published 10.11.2002, utility model RF №RU 119759, priority dated 12.04.2012.

Pop-up booms have a common drawback: they lose buoyancy due to water entering the shell.

This occurs for the following reasons. Over time or as a result of repair (replacement of the section), the shell loses its tightness, which leads to the ingress of water into the shell and, as a result, loss of buoyancy.

The second cause of water entering the enclosure is micro-etching on valves, hose inlet fittings, and main piping connections.

If the fence is installed on the river, then the most serious loss of buoyancy can occur in the spring, in the flood, when the firewood and driftwood move along the bottom, which can damage the fence.

If the boom is installed around the berth, then the operation of the propellers of the towing vessels and tankers near the boom may lead to its depressurization.

The closest analogue is a device for the localization of oil spills in water, made according to patent RU 2192516 C2.

The known device for the localization of oil spills in reservoirs contains a multi-sectional sheath, an elastic pipe connected to a source of compressed gas installed on the shore of the reservoir or on the pier and connected to the elastic sheaths.

For example, the fence made according to patent RU 2192516 C2, during operation after replacing one of the sections, lost its tightness and the gas pipeline was filled with water. During the subsequent test run of the boom, water fell into the shell of the boom.

Given the small diameter of the inflatable sections of the elastic sheath of the river fence, the loss of freeboard became noticeable. To remove water from the inflatable shells, it was necessary, with the help of boats, to give all the anchors in turn, turn the barriers upside down with the ballast chain and drain the water through the filling valves. This work took two business days.

The loss of buoyancy of the boom due to its depressurization in real oil spill conditions may make localization impossible.

The objective of this solution is to create a reliable, durable, easy-to-use device for oil spill containment.

To solve this problem, as well as the closest analogue, the proposed Device for the localization of oil spills in water, includes a barrier in the form of a multi-section, flexible inflatable shell with locks, filling valves, with an apron and ballast, and has a compressed gas source connected by an elastic a pipeline with sections of an elastic inflatable shell.

The difference is that the elastic pipeline is connected to sections of the elastic inflatable shell, through the gas supply / pumping valve, and in each section of the elastic inflatable shell, a safety-drain valve is placed; the gas supply / pump valve contains small-diameter inlets for supplying gas under pressure inside each section of the flexible inflatable shell and one large-diameter gas outlet for removing gas from each section, and the total cross-sectional area of the gas supply openings under pressure of the gas supply / pump valve the section should be less than the cross-sectional area of the safety drainage valve to ensure that all sections of the elastic inflatable membrane are simultaneously filled with gas, and to ensure simultaneous second pumping gas from all sections of the shell, in each section in its upper part over its entire length is set perforated elastic element having a cross section in the form of an I-beam, in addition, one of the sections is equipped with additional weights, providing its priority flooding.

The difference also lies in the fact that a nozzle is used as a safety drainage valve, one end of which is hermetically mounted in each section of the elastic inflatable shell, and the other end is left open.

The difference also lies in the fact that the safety and drain valves are installed in an elastic pipe or pipe.

The difference also lies in the fact that the elastic pipeline can be made in the form of a loop, that is, it starts and ends on the shore.

The difference also lies in the fact that the perforated auxiliary element can have a cross-section in the form of a channel, a square, a rectangle, a star, a snowflake, a circle, an ellipse, a rhombus, a polyhedron.

In FIG. 1 shows a side view of the section, in FIG. 2 shows a barrage exposed in a river, a top view, in FIG. 3 is a view of section No. 99 from the side of the lock, in FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a gas supply / pumping valve; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the section, in FIG. 6 - section No. 99 side view.

A device for localizing oil spills in water, includes a barrier in the form of a multi-section elastic inflatable shell, consisting of sections 1 with an apron 2, ballast 3, filling valves 4, connecting locks 5, and a source of compressed gas 6 connected by an elastic pipe 7 to sections 1 elastic inflatable shell. An elastic pipe 7 is connected to sections 1 through a gas supply / pumping valve 8. A safety drain valve 9 is located at the bottom of each section 1 of the flexible inflatable membrane. Gas supply / pumping valves 8 connect the elastic pipe to each section 1 and contain small diameter inlets for supplying gas under pressure inside each section 1 of an elastic inflatable shell and one outlet of larger diameter for pumping gas from sections 1.

The total cross-sectional area of the gas supply openings in each section 1 should be less than the cross-sectional area of the safety drain valve 9 of this section to ensure that all sections 1 of the elastic inflatable shell are simultaneously filled with gas. If the total cross-sectional area of the holes through which gas is supplied to section 1 of the elastic inflatable shell is comparable with the cross-sectional area of the safety drain valve 9, drainage will occur only in the first few sections 6 from the source of compressed gas, since the amount of gas coming from the source of compressed gas 6 will be equal with the total amount of gas discharged through the safety drain valves of several sections and the drainage of the following sections will stop.

Therefore, regardless of the method of supplying gas to the elastic inflatable shell, the total cross-sectional area of the gas supply openings in section 1 should be less than the cross-sectional area of the safety-drain valve.

One of the sections (any) is equipped with an additional load 10, providing its priority in flooding (for example, in Fig. 2 this is section 99).

Sections 1 are interconnected by lock joints 5, which are attached to the anchor systems 13. The ends of the fence are attached on the shore with cables 14 to piles (anchors) 15.

To ensure the outflow of gas simultaneously from all shells 1 inside each shell in its upper part and along the entire length of the shell, an auxiliary element is installed, made in the form of an elastic perforated I-beam 16 fixed by tapes 17 inside each section 1 (Fig. 5).

If the bottom topography requires priority immersion, for example section 88, then the additional load 10 should be installed on section 88, and the elastic pipe 7, fixed along all sections 1 of the elastic inflatable shell should not end in the last section 99 from the source of compressed gas, but deployed on 180 ° and returns along the fence back to the shore (Fig. 6).

The source of compressed gas 6 may be located on the shore, on an additional boat, or it may be a stationary station for supplying compressed gas at the pier.

Each section 1 of the elastic inflatable shell has its own safety-drain valve 9 opening at a pressure significantly lower than the explosion pressure of the inflatable shell.

Auxiliary element 16 may have a cross section in the form of a perforated star, snowflake, square, rectangle, circle, ellipse, polyhedron, channel.

An elastic pipe 7 connected to a source of compressed gas 6 installed on the shore of the reservoir is connected to each elastic section 1 through valve 8 (Fig. 4). The valve 8 is connected by a cavity 18 to the elastic pipe 7, and the cavity 19 is connected to the inflatable section through the pipe 20 (Fig. 4, 5). Valve 8 is designed so that when gas pressure is applied from elastic pipe 7 to cavity 18, it (valve 8) passes gas into the shell only through calibrated small-diameter holes (boom ascent), and when gas is pumped out from cavity 18 to pipe 7, gas passes through the hole (passage) of the large diameter of the valve 8 (immersion boom).

To reduce the cost of the Device and provide additional protection for the gas supply / pumping valve 8, an elastic pipe 7 and a valve 8 can be installed inside each section of the elastic shell.

A device for the localization of oil spills in water works as follows:

In the case of oil spills, the threat of oil spills in water, gas from a source of compressed gas 6 through an elastic pipe 7 is supplied to section 1 of an elastic inflatable shell through a gas supply / pumping valve 8.

When the volume of gas in the elastic inflatable shell exceeds its own mass of the barrier, the simultaneous ascent of all sections of the shell will begin.

The fence will emerge strictly in a given line, since it is installed on anchor systems 13.

As the pressure in sections 1 of the elastic inflatable shell increases, it reaches the opening pressure of the safety drain valves 9 and water, if it is in sections 1, will be forced out of the section. If there is no water in sections 1, then valve 9 will operate at the same pressure as a safety valve, it will release excess gas and will not allow a further increase in pressure inside the section, thereby protecting it from explosion.

After the completion of the oil spill response and washing of the sections of the barrier, it is necessary to put the barrier in a standby state, that is, load it to the bottom.

There are three ways to do this:

1. From the side of the boat (boat) release gas by pressing the fill valve 4 of each section;

2. Remotely, connecting the elastic pipeline 7 or both of its branches on the shore (Fig. 6) with the atmosphere, then the section equipped with the additional load 10 will begin to sink first, and the rest after it;

3. Remotely by connecting on shore the elastic pipe 7 or both branches of the pipe 7 with a gas pumping device (vacuum machine).

After immersing the entire obstacle at the bottom of the reservoir, it is necessary to connect the source of compressed gas 6 to the pipeline 7.

The set of the above differences increases the survivability of the floating boom, since if any inflatable section 1 of the elastic shell is damaged, gas will flow not only into this section through the small openings of valve 8, but into all other sections. Thus, when a barrier emerges, the damaged section will retain a reduced freeboard due to the gas recharge through valve 8 and due to the tension from the neighboring sections 1.

Drainage of each section of the shell before the outflow of gas allows the device to be remotely immersed in the presence of auxiliary element 16, which is especially important when the device is immersed under ice.

The presence of the auxiliary element 16, the additional load 10 and the continuation of the pipeline 7 through the last section 99 back to the shore to the source of compressed gas 6 allows you to take into account the topography and control the device remotely without the use of electrical energy.

Thus, the task of creating a reliable, durable, easy-to-use device is solved, which is the goal of creating this model.

Claims (4)

1. A device for the localization of oil spills in water, including a barrier in the form of a multi-section elastic inflatable shell with connecting locks, filling valves, an apron and ballast, having a source of compressed gas connected by an elastic pipe to sections of an flexible inflatable membrane, characterized in that the elastic pipe connected to sections of an elastic inflatable shell through a gas supply / pumping valve, and a safety drain valve is placed in each section of the elastic inflatable shell; the gas supply / pump valve contains small-diameter inlets for supplying gas under pressure inside each section of the flexible inflatable shell and one large-diameter gas outlet for removing gas from each section, the total cross-sectional area of the gas supply inlets under pressure of the gas supply / pump valve each section should be smaller than the cross-sectional area of the safety-drain valve to ensure that all sections of the elastic inflatable shell are simultaneously filled with gas, and to provide one temporary evacuation of gas from all sections of the shell in each section in its upper part along its entire length, an auxiliary elastic perforated element is installed, in addition, one of the sections is equipped with an additional load, which ensures its priority in flooding. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the elastic pipe in the last section from the source of compressed gas is rotated 180 ° and ends on the shore at the source of compressed gas, thereby forming a loop, both branches of which can be used together or separately for supply and removal of gas from the shell. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the auxiliary elastic perforated element may have a cross section in the form of an I-beam, channel, polygon, star, snowflake, circle, ellipse. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the elastic pipe and the gas supply / pumping valve can be installed inside each section of the elastic shell.

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