RU152198U1 - APPARATUS FOR MEMBRANE FILTRATION - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for membrane filtration, including a housing made in the form of a cylinder and having nozzles for introducing the initial solution and discharging the final product and filtrate, inside of which there is a coaxially semi-permeable membrane, characterized in that an insert is installed inside the membrane with openings on the side surface of which are equally spaced apart from each other.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of filtration of liquid media of plant and animal origin and can be used in food, chemical, biotechnological and other industries.

A known membrane apparatus comprising a tubular ceramic membrane with an inner selective layer [1] (prototype). The apparatus consists of a membrane placed in a housing with nozzles for introducing the initial medium and for withdrawing the final product and filtrate.

The disadvantage is the formation of a layer of retained substances on the membrane surface, which significantly reduces the performance of the apparatus.

Known membrane apparatus with directional flows [2] (analogue), which contains a housing with nozzles for the input of the source fluid, the output of the purified liquid and liquid with sediment. A filter holder with filter elements fixed in it and a perforated distribution device is located in the housing. A profile element is installed along the periphery of the housing, made in relation to the filter elements with the formation of a narrowing gap, in the narrow part of which there are discharge channels for the removal of purified liquid. The source fluid is fed into a perforated switchgear, from where it is fed tangentially to the surface of the filter elements through openings in the form of jets of liquid. The resulting fluid flow enters a decreasing gap formed by the surfaces of the profile element and the filter element. In the direction of flow within a decreasing gap, an increase in its velocity occurs. Due to this, the surface of the filtering element is cleaned of deposits.

The disadvantage of the membrane apparatus is the ability to clean the outer surface of the filter element.

A known membrane apparatus with jet streams [3] (analogue), which includes a tubular membrane module made in the form of a porous body with a semi-permeable membrane deposited on the inner surface, nozzles for introducing the initial solution, withdrawing the filtrate and concentrate. Inside the tubular membrane module, a coaxially semipermeable membrane, there are inkjet devices, each of which is made in the form of a cylinder, to the end surfaces of which are attached a disk with holes for rods, on the other hand - a body part and a clip with a flap valve. On the side surface of the housing part, nozzles are arranged so that the outgoing jets are directed tangentially to a semipermeable membrane. Thanks to the inkjet devices, a high concentration layer decreases over the entire length of the semipermeable membrane.

The disadvantage is the design complexity of the inkjet devices and the impossibility of their use in tubular membranes with an inner diameter of 0.004-0.006 m

The technical task is to increase the productivity of the apparatus by removing from the surface of the membrane a layer of trapped substances by hydrodynamic methods.

The problem is solved by installing in the apparatus inside the membrane an insert of round or rectangular cross-section, sealed on one side, on the side surface of which holes are made. The insert may have the same cross section along the entire length or narrowing at the end.

The membrane apparatus (Fig. 1) contains a housing 4 made in the form of a cylinder. On one side of the housing there is a nozzle for supplying a liquid medium 1, on the other hand, a nozzle for draining the final product 2. On the outer wall of the housing there is a nozzle for draining the filtrate 3. Coaxially semi-permeable membrane 5 is located inside the housing. Insert 6 is located on the membrane. On the side surface the inserts have openings 7 equidistant from each other for the exit of the initial solution into the membrane channel. Each hole creates a directed flow and increases turbulization inside the membrane channel.

Membrane apparatus operates as follows.

The initial solution under pressure is supplied through the pipe 1 to the inner channel of the insert 6. The solution exits through the holes 7 along the entire length of the insert, creating a directed flow to the inner surface of the membrane 5. Under pressure, the separation process on the membrane occurs. At the same time, a precipitate layer forms on the inner surface of the membrane, which reduces the productivity of the process. The directed flow of the solution increases turbulization inside the membrane channel, which helps to reduce the thickness of the sediment layer. Passed through the membrane, the filtrate is discharged through the pipe 3. The remaining part of the initial solution is discharged through the pipe 2.

EFFECT: increased productivity of the process of membrane filtration of liquid media by reducing the thickness of the sediment layer on the membrane by the action of a directed flow of the medium.

Sources of literature

1. Dytnersky, Yu.I. Processes and devices of chemical technology. In 2 hours, Part 2. Mass transfer processes and apparatuses / Yu.I. Dytnersky. - Moscow: Chemistry, 1995 .-- 368 p. (prototype)

2. Pat. 2331456 Russian Federation. IPC ⁷ B01D 27/08 (2006.01), B01D 63/06 (2006.01). Membrane apparatus with directed flows / Klyuchnikov A.I., Shakhov S.V., Potapov A.I., Markov A.A., Ogurtsov A.V., Koliuh S.A .; Applicant and patent holder State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Voronezh State Technological Academy (GOU VPO VGTA) - No. 2007106333/15; declared 02/19/2007; publ. 08/20/2008 (analog)

3. Pat. 2252815 Russian Federation. IPC ⁷ B01D 63/06 Membrane apparatus with jet streams / Kretov I.T., Vostrikov S.V., Klyuchnikov A.I., Klyuchnikova D.V .; applicant and patent holder State educational institution of higher professional education Voronezh State Technological Academy - No. 2004113915/15; declared 05/05/20042007; publ. 05/27/2005 (analog)

Claims (1)

An apparatus for membrane filtration, including a housing made in the form of a cylinder and having nozzles for introducing the initial solution and discharging the final product and filtrate, inside of which there is a coaxially semi-permeable membrane, characterized in that an insert is installed inside the membrane with openings on the side surface of which are equally spaced apart from each other.

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