RU150986U1 - DEVICE FOR INPUT AND ACCOUNTING OF ELECTRIC ENERGY IN DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS OF LOW VOLTAGE WITH THEFT PROTECTION - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for inputting and metering electric energy in low-voltage distribution networks with anti-theft protection, comprising a voltage network, a switching device, an electronic control circuit with a trip coil for a circuit breaker, a toroidal transformer, a magnetically controlled means of protection against unauthorized access, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a device comparison of the equality of currents in phase and neutral conductors, including a toroidal transformer with power wires of the 0.2-0.4 kV line t of voltage to load network, thyristor for controlling the operation of protections, test device with non-fixed button "Test", current-limiting resistor, additional test coil, while the voltage network is connected in series with the connecting wires to the circuit breaker circuit breaker, to which the electronic control circuit is connected in series protections with a device for comparing the equality of currents in phase and neutral conductors, with a self-test device and an additional test loop, connected in series with a non-fixed button “Test” and a current-limiting resistor of the test device, and a magnetically controlled means of protection against unauthorized access is connected in parallel to a non-fixed button “Test”.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to the field of measurement technology, in particular, to a device for input and metering of electric energy in low voltage distribution networks with theft protection and can be used in distribution, control and metering systems of electricity consumption.

State of the art

A device for measuring active energy containing the first and second threshold elements, a voltage-frequency converter, a reversible counter, a reading unit, the first and second multipliers, the first and second adders, a low-pass filter, the first and second rectifiers are introduced into the device the outputs of the multipliers are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first adder, the output connected to the inputs of the first and second rectifiers, the output of the first rectifier is connected to the first input of the second adder and the input of the first threshold element, the output of the second rectifier is connected to the input of the second threshold element and the second input of the second adder, the output of which through the low-pass filter and the voltage-frequency converter is connected to the first input of the coincidence unit, the second and third inputs of which are connected to the summing and subtracting inputs of the reversible counter respectively, connected by the output to the input of the reading unit (see AS SU No. 1659876, IPC G01R 11/00, publ. 04/12/08.).

The disadvantage of this device is the low accuracy of measuring the energy of the forward and reverse directions and the total energy in pulse-reverse modes.

A device is known for measuring electric energy with theft protection, comprising phase wire current sensors included before and after entering the supply line structure, a load voltage sensor, a signal multiplier of phase wire current sensors and a load voltage sensor, a basic mathematical processing unit, an indication unit the measurement result, a remote data transmission unit, while the device is structurally made in the form of separate, connected by a communication channel of the base unit and an external power sensor moreover, the base unit contains a phase wire current sensor and a load voltage sensor, outputs connected to the input of the multiplier connected to the main unit of mathematical processing of the multiplier signals, a unit for indicating the measurement result, a remote data transmission unit, and an external power sensor contains a phase wire current sensor and an additional load voltage sensor, outputs connected to the input of an additional multiplier associated with an additional block of mathematical signal processing, output to which is connected to a high-frequency transmitter, and the base unit, in addition to the above, contains a receiver connected by the output to the main unit of mathematical processing of the multiplier signals.

In the device for measuring electrical energy with theft protection, the transmitter is made in the form of a high-frequency transmitter over a power network. In the device for measuring electrical energy with theft protection, the transmitter is made in the form of a radio transmitter (see US Pat. RU No. 2234707, IPC 7 G01R 21/06, publ. 08/20/2004) The disadvantage of this device is the imperfect protection of the measurement result consumed electricity from an unscrupulous consumer.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect and adopted by the authors for the prototype is a device for input and metering of electric energy in low voltage distribution networks with theft protection, containing a voltage network, switching device "auto-tampering switch 250", electronic control circuit "AMR Circuitry)), with a circuit breaker coil, a toroidal transformer, a magnetically controlled anti-tamper protection device — mercury reed-type mercury switch)) (see US Pat. No. 5590179, Ekstrom Industries, Inc, Date of Patent 12/31/1996).

The disadvantage of this device is the design complexity, high cost.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the proposed utility model is to develop an input and metering device for electric energy in low voltage distribution networks with theft protection, which has a simplified design.

The technical result that can be obtained using the proposed utility model is to simplify the design.

The technical result is achieved by means of an input and metering device for electric energy in low voltage distribution networks with theft protection containing a voltage network, a switching device, an electronic control circuit, with a trip coil for a circuit breaker, a toroidal transformer, a magnetically controlled means of protection against unauthorized access, it is additionally equipped with a device for comparing the equality of currents in phase and neutral conductors, including a toroidal transformer with power wires of the 0.2-0.4 kV line from the mains voltage to the load, the thyristor for controlling the operation of the protections, a test device with a fixed button “Test”, a current-limiting resistor, an additional test coil, while the voltage network is connected in series with the connecting wires to the coil tripping of a circuit breaker, with which an electronic protection control circuit is connected in series with a device for comparing the equality of currents in phase and neutral conductors, with a self-test device and an additional test ITCOM series with unlatched "Test" button and the current-limiting resistor test device and unlatched to the "Test" button, magnetically connected in parallel means of protection from unauthorized access.

In the device as a chip, use the chip M54123L.

Thus, since the main factor in optimizing production in the electric power industry is the reduction of losses in electric networks and losses are the most important indicator of economic efficiency, a clear indicator of the state of the electricity metering system, and the efficiency of energy sales activities of energy supplying organizations, while:

- Absolute loss of electricity is the difference between the electricity supplied to the electricity network and the useful energy supplied to consumers;

- technical losses of electricity - losses caused by physical processes of transmission, distribution and transformation of electricity are determined by calculation, technical losses are divided into conditionally constant and load-dependent variables;

- commercial (non-technical) losses of electricity - losses, defined as the difference between absolute and technical losses.

According to experts, the maximum allowable energy losses should be approximately 10% (see GOST Ρ 52320-2005, GOST Ρ 52322-2005, GOST Ρ 51350-99), while at present the share of losses can be 40-50%. Such results of energy companies are mainly due to high commercial losses, that is, theft of electricity in various ways. One of these methods is to stop the counting mechanism of the metering device using a magnet, and this method is rather difficult to determine, since during the theft there is no violation of the seals and the residual traces of theft are not visible. The use of the device according to the proposed utility model has a simplification of the design, which eliminates the neglected consumption of electric energy, since when a magnetic field arises near the magnetically controlled sensor located in close proximity to the meter, the power supply stops completely, and the ability to turn on the circuit breaker is restored when magnetic field.

Brief Description of Drawings FIG. The diagram of the device for input and metering of electric energy in low voltage distribution networks with theft protection is given, general view.

Utility Model Implementation

The device for input and metering of electric energy in low-voltage distribution networks with theft protection, powered by a 220 V voltage network, consists of a metering device (not shown in FIG.), A switching device (not indicated in FIG.), Containing in its design power contacts (not shown in FIG.) with the possibility of tripping, the disconnected part of which is connected by connecting wires 2 to the tripping coil 3 of the circuit breaker (not indicated in FIG.), an electronic circuit 4, which is developed a typical inclusion of the M54123L microcircuit, a device (not shown in FIG.) comparing the equality of currents passing in the phase and neutral conductors, consisting of a toroidal current transformer 5 made of a ferromagnetic alloy with a primary winding (not indicated in FIG.) of power conductors 6 lines 0.2-0.4 kV from the mains voltage 1 to the load (not shown in Fig.), a self-test device consisting of an additional test loop 7 passing inside the toroidal transformer 5, thyristor 8 for controlling the operation of the protections, namely by disconnecting the non-fixed button 9 “Test” with normally open contacts, the current-limiting resistor 10 connected in parallel with the non-fixed button 9 “Test” with normally open contacts using the connecting wires 2 of the magnetically controlled 11 magnetic field protection device, and as a magnetically controlled means 11 of protection from unauthorized access, which is used as a sealed contact reed switch.

The device for input and metering of electric energy in low voltage distribution networks with theft protection is operated as follows.

In normal operation, the geometric sum of the currents in the phase and neutral conductors is zero, therefore, there is no induced voltage in the secondary winding of the toroidal current transformer 5, the device does not receive a trip signal, the power contacts of the switching device are turned on, if a leakage current occurs, for example, insulation damage, the geometric sum of the currents in the power conductors 6 of the 0.2-0.4 kV line passing through the toroidal core of the current transformer 5 is no longer zero, due to the leakage current, therefore, in the secondary winding of the transformer 5, a certain level of voltage is induced, in the presence of which a signal is generated in the electronic circuit 4, which is a development of a typical M54123L microcircuit, which acts on the control electrode of the thyristor 8 for controlling the protection operation, the latter opens through a coil 3 electromagnet tripping circuit breaker current flows, the presence of which leads to the operation of the electromagnet coil 3 tripping and the consumer is turned off, while at pressing the non-fixed button “Test” of the test device activates the test device, the circuit closes, current passes through the additional test coil 7, which is comparable to the current difference in the power conductors 6 of the 0.2-0.4 kV line in the presence of a power supply failure 1, a voltage appears in the secondary winding of the toroidal current transformer 5, which controls the operation of the electronic circuit 4, which is the development of a typical inclusion of the chip Μ 54123L, which supplies a signal to the thyristor 8 to control the protection and control work coil 3 minutes off, the device switches off.

The most difficult to determine method of electricity theft is the method of ignoring electricity consumption, in which the meter, even a modern electronic one, is stopped or braked by the use of a permanent magnet of high power, which is applied to the metering board as close to the meter stepper motor from the outside (in FIG. not shown), while the stepper motor stops working under the influence of a strong external magnetic field, after which the meter does not take into account the consumption electricity and, in the case of the use of a permanent magnet of high power, the contacts of the magnetically controlled means 11 of protection against unauthorized access installed parallel to the button 9 "Test" are closed under the influence of an external external magnetic field, a device for testing the operability of the switching device is launched, through an additional test coil 7 of the device a self-current pulse passes, under the influence of which a voltage is induced in the secondary winding of the toroidal current transformer 5 ie, the control electronic circuit 4, which is an evolution of the model enable chip Μ 54123L, further leading to the discovery of the thyristor 8 controls operation of the protection, ie the disconnection and the consumer is switched off.

Thus, the device for input and metering of electric energy in low voltage distribution networks with theft protection in comparison with the prototype and other technical solutions significantly expands its functionality with minimal cost of implementation.

The proposed utility model in comparison with the prototype and other well-known technical solutions has the following advantages:

- simplification of the design of the device.

- high reliability of theft protection;

Claims (1)

A device for inputting and metering electric energy in low-voltage distribution networks with anti-theft protection, comprising a voltage network, a switching device, an electronic control circuit with a trip coil for a circuit breaker, a toroidal transformer, a magnetically controlled means of protection against unauthorized access, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a device comparison of the equality of currents in phase and neutral conductors, including a toroidal transformer with power wires of the 0.2-0.4 kV line t of voltage to load network, thyristor for controlling the operation of protections, test device with non-fixed button "Test", current-limiting resistor, additional test coil, while the voltage network is connected in series with the connecting wires to the circuit breaker circuit breaker, to which the electronic control circuit is connected in series protections with a device for comparing the equality of currents in phase and neutral conductors, with a self-test device and an additional test loop, connected in series with a non-fixed button “Test” and a current-limiting resistor of the test device, and a magnetically controlled means of protection against unauthorized access is connected in parallel to a non-fixed button “Test”.

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