RU15006U1 - DEVICE FOR COOLING AND TRANSPORTING PERISHABLE PERISHABLE PRODUCTS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Device for cooling and transporting perishable products, containing at least one hypothermic bag, which is an inorganic salt enclosed in a hermetic shell, dissolving with a hypothermic effect, and a container or containers with a solvent, characterized in that the hypothermic bag is placed in a container .2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least two hypothermic packages connected in series by valves. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the valves are made of heat-sealable material and are filled with a solid or plastic substance soluble in saline. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the container is made in the form of a bag, bag or box. 5. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it contains a heat insulating layer.

Description

The utility model relates to refrigeration devices for storing and transporting food, drugs, blood, etc. in a refrigerated state, namely, portable refrigerated containers.

There are many refrigeration devices that differ in the principle of action: compression, sorption, oblique types, thermoelectric refrigerators, etc.

Autonomous refrigerators either have an autonomous energy source and a cold generator, or a thermostatic capacity and a cold accumulator, which can be based on various principles, such as phase transitions. Physical reactions, or simply the heat capacity of the material, as a rule, are not connected to sources of electricity and require the use of additional elements in them - cold accumulators.

A device is known and widely used, which is a container with a heat-insulating layer, where smaller containers with ice are frozen frozen in stationary refrigerators. As the ice melts, the temperature in the container decreases and perishable products placed there

retain their properties. It is also known the use of “dry ice - solid carbon dioxide.

Closest to the claimed device and selected as a prototype is "Hypothermic package" Morozko (TU 9464-003-34917365-97). A hypothermic bag is a container consisting of an airtight shell made of elastic material and a bag made of a waterproof material made of an inorganic salt dissolved in it with a hypothermic effect and a bag of water or a mixture of water and alcohol are housed in it. The described package is used for local contact medicine: compresses for injuries, fractures, etc.

The challenge facing the authors was to create a simple to perform and operate, reliable and inexpensive container for cooling and / or short-term storage of perishable products.

This problem has been solved by creating a device containing at least one Hypothermic package, which is an inorganic salt enclosed in a hermetic shell, dissolving with a hypothermic effect, and a container or containers with a solvent. The hypothermic bag is placed in a container. The container may be provided with a heat insulating layer.

The device may contain at least two hypothermic packages in series connected by valves.

Valves can be made of heat sealable material and filled with a solid or plastic substance soluble in saline.

The container may be in the form of a bag, bag or box.

A variant of the device containing one or more hypothermic packages that are not interconnected by valves is presented in figure 1, which shows the following elements:

1. The outer shell of the container, made of woven or non-woven material, polyethylene, polypropylene, foil or other materials used to produce bags or bags, cardboard and other materials.

2. Hypothermal bags - cooling elements.

from other material with good heat insulation

properties.

4. Heat seal sealant bag

waterproof material. Serves to protect products from

accidental leakage of cooling elements.

A device containing one or more hypothermic bags that are not connected by valves operates as follows: to begin with, “start the action of hypothermic bags (cooling elements), put the container on a flat surface and crush the inner bags with solvent; shake the container several times; put the food in a container and close it with a heat-insulating lid.

The cooling effect is based on the fact that physicochemical reactions occur, namely. When crushing the inner bag with a solvent (for example, water), all salt contained in the outer, sealed bag of the cooling element (ammonium nitrate or calcium chloride or sodium chloride or magnesium chloride or a mixture of salts) begins to dissolve with a hypothermic effect (with heat absorption). In this case, the insulating layer prevents the entry of heat from the outside. Due to the hypothermic effect, the internal cavity of the container and, accordingly, the products contained in it are cooled.

Figure 2 schematically shows a part of a device containing at least two hypothermic packages, connected in series by valves, where:

1- External, sealed bag;

2- Sealed bag with solvent;

3- Salt, dissolving with hypothermic effect; 4- Valve.

In the presented figure, N sections are indicated. This embodiment of the inventive device

sequential "inclusion of the hypothermic packets included in the device allows to lower the temperature in the container significantly more than in the device without the serial connection of hypothermic packets using valves. In the case of a device with sections connected in series with valves, a sequential “inclusion of cooling elements occurs. Selection of the number of hypothermal packets connected in series

using connecting valves, the temperature inside the container and the rate at which the required temperature is reached are varied. The device operates as follows. When the solvent bag ruptures in the first hypothermic bag (the first cooling element), it falls into the inner container of the first section of the outer bag. Salt (for example, ammonium nitrate or calcium chloride, or magnesium chloride, etc.) in the first section of the outer packet dissolves with a hypothermic effect, which causes cooling of the environment, including the solvent itself. At the same time - under the influence of a solvent (saline solution) - a solid or plastic material inside the valve tube begins to dissolve. After the calculated time, the solid or plastic material inside the valve tube, the salt dissolves completely and the cooled solution under the influence of gravity or due to fluidity from the first section of the outer bag gets into the second section, dissolving the salt in it with a hypothermic effect and in the presence of the next section dissolving a solid or plastic material inside the next valve tube.

If there is a third or more sections in the external package, the next section is turned on sequentially after a specified period of time. The amount of solvent in the inner, sealed bag of the first section of the outer bag is calculated according to the method developed by the authors. The “on time” of the next section is set based on the dissolution rate and the mass of solid or plastic material inside the valve tube. Under the action of this design of the device, a decrease in the maximum cooling temperature of the walls of the cooling element by 1.5 to 3 times or more is achieved. This is due to the fact that the maximum temperature reduction range during dissolution of salts reaches 24 ° C (when using ammonium nitrate as a salt in a hypothermic package). Thus, at an ambient temperature of + 24 ° С during the “start-up of the cooling element in option A, the temperature on its walls can drop to a maximum of +5 ° С +6 ° С (i.e. by 19 -20 ° С taking into account losses ) At the same time, due to the sequential inclusion of sections and the use of calcium chloride instead of ammonium nitrate as a soluble salt

(calcium chloride allows you to achieve a temperature difference of up to 50 ° C at an initial temperature of 0 ° C). In the described construction, under the initial conditions under consideration, it is possible to reach temperatures of -50 ° С (i.e., 74 ° С below the initial temperature) on the walls of the cooling element. This is due to the fact that each subsequent section of the cooling element starts to operate at a lower initial ambient temperature. For instance. When the cooling element is started at an ambient temperature of + 24 ° С after 5 minutes, the temperature of the solvent, due to the hypothermic effect arising from the dissolution of ammonium nitrate in the first section, will reach + 6 ° С. During this time, the locking material will dissolve in the valve connecting the first and second sections and the solution will fall into the second section. In this case, the initial temperature at which dissolution occurs with the hypothermic effect of ammonium nitrate in the second section will be about + 10 ° C (6 ° C is the solvent and about 18 ° C is the salt itself, due to its partial cooling during the five-minute operation of the first section. five minutes the temperature inside the second section

reaches -5 ° C. After that, the third section will begin to work with the initial ambient temperature of about 0 ° C and five minutes later, if calcium chloride is used as the dissolved salt, a temperature of about -50 ° C will be established in it. The increase in the duration of maintaining a given temperature range is achieved by:

achieving a lower cooling temperature on the walls of the cooling element and, consequently, the heating time after the end of its operation due to heat from the external environment;

setting the turn-on time of the next section, which allows the cooling process to start when the temperature rises due to heat from the surrounding environment.

The device is easy to use, well stored and transported, indispensable in traveling conditions, car travel. The release of the device is adjusted "NPK Version in 2000.

Claims (5)

1. Device for cooling and transporting perishable products, containing at least one hypothermic bag, which is an inorganic salt enclosed in a hermetic shell, dissolving with a hypothermic effect, and a container or containers with a solvent, characterized in that the hypothermic bag is placed in a container .  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least two hypothermic packages connected in series by valves.  3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the valves are made of heat sealable material and are filled with a solid or plastic substance soluble in saline.  4. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the container is made in the form of a bag, bag or box. 5. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it contains a heat insulating layer.