RU150036U1 - HYDRAULIC ROTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The name of the utility model: Hydrotor. Purpose: Converting the energy of the hydraulic flow into the mechanical energy of rotation of the rotor. In the hydraulic rotor, consisting of a hydro-wheel with a vertical shaft, to which the main blades are attached, a side wall that creates a working channel for the water flow, additionally introduced blades inclined to the vertical shaft, mounted on the shaft or on the main blades. These additional blades perceive the floating part of the stream, the reaction from the action of which increases the torque of the hydro-wheel. The hydro-shaft is placed in a support fixed to the bottom of the stream. Strengthening the effect of pop-up jets is achieved by installing in the lower section of the river channel under the hydro-wheel in the unperturbed part of the main stream additional flow swirls attached to the support or located at the bottom of the stream.

Description

Appendix No. 2 to the decision on the grant of a patent to the application

No. 2013153515/06 (083700)

HYDRAULIC ROTOR

A utility model relates to devices for converting flow energy into mechanical or electrical energy.

There are various devices of a similar purpose, for example, "Hydroelectric Power Station" according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2171910, IPC F03B 13/00, authors Tolmacheva V.N., Borovikova S.N. and etc.

The main nodes of this device are hydro-wheels with blades and with a vertical axis of rotation kinetically connected through a gearbox with an electric generator located in the structure on the foundation plate.

The disadvantage of this device is its structural complexity. In addition, this kind of hydro-wheels perceive only the energy of the forward flow and do not respond to the energy of pop-up jets, parts of the stream reflected from the bottom and from its other vortices.

In the article P.V. Poluyana “Macroturbolent structures in the river flow ...” [electronic resource] access mode: http://www.vitanar.pochta.ru states that the total energy of the stream is distributed between the translational and rotational components, between which energy is exchanged. At the bottom there are micro-eddies that fold in cascade, giving rise to larger toroidal eddies. “Thus, the total energy of the river flow is the sum of the kinetic energy of the translationally moving structure of the ring vortices that arise and exist in the flowing fluid” (cited from this paper).

Similar vortices arise in air currents due to the reflection of the wind from the ground, from buildings and from various other obstacles.

The redistribution of flow energy into components is also confirmed in the work of G.V. Treschalova “Highly efficient way to extract energy from a pressureless flow of a flowing fluid based on a specific hydrodynamic effect”, “Economics and Production”, No. 2, 2008, Moscow.

Also known is the “Vertical multiplying damless hydroelectric power station” according to the USSR author's certificate No. 1789742, IPC F03B 13/00 of the author Novikov Yu.M.

The impellers in this hydroelectric power station are made in the form of rotors with curved blades, and the kinematic connection of the rotors with a consumer of mechanical energy is made using a crank mechanism with an overrunning clutch.

The disadvantage of this device is its structural complexity and low efficiency, due to the fact that the rotors perceive only the energy of the direct flow and do not respond to the energy of the pop-up jets and other turbulences of the stream.

Also known are devices of the type "Minienergoblock" according to the patent for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 67193, IPC F03B 9/00, by Shchedrin E.E.

This power unit contains a conveyor-type rotary energy converter in a housing on two shafts, on which the blades are cantilevered to the cantilever stream.

The disadvantage of these devices is that the blades of a rotary energy transducer perceive only the energy of the direct current flow and do not react to the energy of pop-up jets and other turbulences of the flow.

Also known is the "Hydroelectric Power Station" according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 23033707, IPC F03B 13/00. Patent holder: Military Engineering University, authors A. Savchuk and others, which is selected as a prototype.

This device comprises a structure with electric generators, gearboxes kinematically connected to a vertical hydro-shaft with fixed blades, the structure having an ice-cutting support, confuser, working and diffuser channels in the foundation plate, forming two working channels for hydro-wheels.

The disadvantage of the prototype is its structural complexity, due to the presence in the concrete structure of special confuser and diffuser channels to increase the efficiency of the wheels in the stream.

This kind of rotor diving wheels perceive only the energy of the direct current flow and do not react to the energy of the pop-up jets, parts of the stream reflected from the bottom and its other vortices. This does not allow the full use of the energy of a moving stream.

The objective of the proposed invention is to remedy these disadvantages.

This problem is solved in a hydraulic rotor containing a hydraulic wheel, consisting of a vertical shaft with main blades, a side wall to create a working channel, a support for the vertical shaft, according to the invention, additional blades inclined to the vertical shaft are inserted into it, mounted on the shaft and / or on the main blades.

In addition, flow swirls are additionally introduced attached to a vertical shaft support.

The technical advantages of the claimed object are to increase the efficiency of the device due to a more complete utilization of the water energy of the stream and turning it into mechanical or electrical.

Technical advantages are expressed in the following distinguishing features: on the shaft and / or on the blades additional blades are fixed at an angle to the vertical axis, perceiving vertical and pop-up stream jets, the reaction of which increases the torque of the hydro-wheel.

Technical advantages also include the creation of artificial pop-up parts of the stream by installing additional swirlers in the lower section of the river channel under the hydro-wheel. Swirlers can also be located at the bottom of the river in an unperturbed stream that flows under a hydro-wheel.

The proposed technical solution can find application in many rotary structures that generate mechanical or electrical energy from hydraulic or wind flows.

The design of the "Hydrorotor" is schematically shown in the drawings, where in FIG. 1 is a plan view of FIG. 2 - the position in space of the main blade and the additional inclined blade attached to the vertical shaft, in FIG. 3 - the position of the inclined blades in space, attached directly to the main blades, and in FIG. 4 - arrangement of swirlers at the bottom of the stream.

The hydraulic rotor contains (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) a hydraulic wheel that coexists from the vertical shaft 1 with the main blades 2 and additional blades 3, a side wall 4 that creates a working channel for the hydraulic wheel, support 5 for the vertical shaft, swirlers 6 ( Fig. 4) connected to the shaft support or installed at the bottom below the position of the hydro-wheel in the stream.

In FIG. 1, the direction of the pop-up part of the stream V _{2 is} shown by a dot in the circle (the direction of the arrow moving from bottom to top), and in all the figures, the direction of the main flow is indicated by V ₁ , the pop-up part of the stream is V ₂ and the additional force acting from the pop-up stream F _add .

The hydraulic rotor works as follows. The flow of water enters the blades that are not fenced by the side wall 4 and causes the wheel to rotate (Fig. 1) in this example counterclockwise. The main stream V ₁ acts perpendicularly to the main blades 2, and also to the additional blades 3 mounted at an angle of 20 ... 60 ° to the vertical shaft 1. The additional blades 3 are attached either directly to the shaft 1 (Fig. 2), or to the main blades 2 (Fig. 3). The pop-up part of the stream V ₂ creates an additional force F _add on inclined additional blades, directed along the direction of rotation of the hydro-wheel and creates an additional torque.

In a hydraulic rotor, completely immersed in a stream _of water V ₁ , there is a selection of hydraulic energy, including from its part passing under the hydro-wheel. This occurs due to the turbulence of part of the stream V ₁ on the swirl 6, creating vertical and / or vortex jets of water V ₂ moving upward along the support 5 of the vertical shaft 1. In the simplest case, the swirls can be large stones, boulders, mounted on the bottom or artificial spiral chambers mounted on a support 5 and creating an additional upward flow (not shown in the drawings).

The figures show a simplified drawing of a single rotor. Their actual number, both in the prototype and in other rotor designs, can be different, depending on the required mechanical power on the installation shaft.

The proposed design of the hydraulic rotor allows to increase the efficiency of converting the hydraulic energy of the flow into the mechanical energy of a rotating shaft and, if necessary, into electric energy, if an electric generator is connected to the shaft.

The increase in efficiency in this device is achieved by relatively simple methods without increasing the cost of the structure and without additional capital costs.

Claims (2)

1. A hydraulic rotor containing a hydraulic wheel, consisting of a vertical shaft with main blades, a side wall for creating a working channel, a vertical shaft support, characterized in that additional blades inclined to the vertical shaft are introduced, fixed to the shaft and / or on the main blades. 2. The hydraulic rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally introduces flow swirls connected to the support of the vertical shaft.

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