RU148188U1 - AUTONOMOUS DIAGNOSTIC MODULE - Google Patents

Abstract

An autonomous diagnostic module, made in the form of a digital machine, built into the diagnostic object and connected to the diagnostic object via the system bus connector, while the microcontroller with microprogram control is used at the heart of the machine, and a micro-command read-only memory with the possibility of its initial use is used as control memory programming on a serial bus from a computer by means of a serial bus controller, as random access memory - random access memory o for storing the diagnostic results generated by the microcontroller in the process of deciphering test commands into a sequence of microcommands, sending them through buffers as elementary stimulating actions to the diagnostic object and reading the responses by the diagnostic module, comparing them with the standards stored in the microcommand's permanent memory, characterized in that a timer has been additionally introduced into it, periodically generating a masked interrupt signal for the current procedure of the diagnostic object, according to to which the stand-alone diagnostic module independently starts the next test cycle, and a buffer for connecting the indicating device to the stand-alone diagnostic module.

Description

The utility model relates to diagnostic tools for digital systems having a bus organization (microcontrollers, small computers, and digital control machines).

Known software and hardware stand for the diagnosis of digital and microprocessor units (RF patent No. 73093 IPC G05B 23/00 and G06F 11/30, 05/10/2008), containing a discrete input-output block, an external power supply of the tested blocks, a personal computer. The tested (diagnosed) digital unit is connected via a transition device to the discrete input-output unit, which is installed in the ISA system bus of the control computer.

Known automated repair stand (BARS) (RF patent No. 2421787, IPC G06F 11/22 and G05B 23/02, 06/20/2011), containing a computer with software and hardware, which includes an intelligent controller with an integrated processor associated with A computer with random access memory (RAM), as well as a bus arbiter, connected to the address port and the input-output port of the smart controller, while all internal devices of the hardware are controlled by the processor via the internal local bus.

The autonomous module for diagnosing a utility model is a microprocessor device that is built into the diagnostic object. When comparing with this analogue, it replaces the interface device and the transition device and, in contrast to it, is external to the computer, has the ability to connect with it for initial programming of the PZUMK via the serial bus. The stand-alone module is an advantage that makes the diagnostic system more flexible in use, and provides the possibility of programming its control memory.

A built-in diagnostic module is known (RF patent No. 130105, IPC G06F 11/22 and G01R 31/317, 2006.01), controlled via a serial bus from a computer (diagnostic unit), containing a serial bus controller designed to receive control test commands from the diagnostic unit stored in the RAM of the diagnostic module, read by the microcontroller, designed to decrypt the control test commands into a sequence of microcommands by accessing the ROM of the microcommands, sending them through buffers as elementary stimulating air actions to the diagnostic object (OD) and reading the responses of the diagnostic module, made in the form of a digital machine, built into the diagnostic object and connected to the object bus via the connector, with the use of a microcontroller with microprogram control, and as a control memory - PZUMK - permanent memory microcommand device with the possibility of its reprogramming - prototype.

The disadvantage of this device is the need to use an external computer (laptop or other computing unit) to conduct the procedure for testing the diagnostic object. The system becomes cumbersome, requires additional external constructs. Both the generation of stimulating effects and the reception of responses from the diagnostic unit are performed by an external computer with the participation of a person. The timing of the diagnostic procedure is also determined by the person.

Thus, as a result of the description of analogues, we can conclude that, as a prototype, a built-in diagnostic module can be used, which has a set of features that is closest to the set of essential features of a utility model. An important significant difference from all existing analogues when an autonomous module is connected to a diagnostic object is the solution used, in which an autonomous diagnostic module is built into the diagnostic object and continues to work in it autonomously, without human intervention and without connecting a computer to the diagnostic object.

The technical result is to increase the reliability of the operation of the OD through the operational diagnostics, reduce the hardware component of the diagnosis system and conduct the diagnostic procedure without human intervention (during the operating cycle of the OD).

The solution of this problem and the achievement of the claimed technical result is ensured by the fact that an autonomous diagnostic module, made in the form of a digital machine, is built into the diagnostic object and connected to the bus of the diagnostic object through the system bus connector, while the microcontroller with microprogram control is used at the heart of the machine, and the quality of the control memory - PZUMK - a permanent storage device of microcommands with the possibility of its initial programming by means of a sequential controller of the real bus, as RAM - RAM for storing intermediate results generated by the microcontroller, buffers for sending stimulating effects to the diagnostic object and reading through them responses by the diagnostic module, and the new one is that it also has a timer that generates a masked interrupt signal the current procedure of the diagnostic object, according to which the stand-alone diagnostic module starts the next test cycle, and a buffer for connecting the device dictations to the stand-alone diagnostic module.

The diagnostic module (M _d ) operates on the principle of a firmware, which allows you to speed up the diagnostic process and implements the method of in-circuit emulation when testing the diagnostic object. The applied method of in-circuit emulation is oriented to use in microprocessor systems. When troubleshooting using the in-circuit emulation method, it is necessary to disconnect the microprocessor from the system bus (similar to the DAP mode), simulating its signals with diagnostic tools. The method assumes that the signals for stimulation of the circuits being tested are generated by the module microcontroller and the analysis results are sent to the indicator displayed on the panel through the connector of the device under test or over the air.

The introduction of the diagnostic module in OD makes it possible to significantly reduce the time spent on diagnostics by performing the diagnosis process in a short time interval, to exclude computers from the diagnosis system, and to carry out the diagnostic procedure without human intervention, which will increase the reliability of the operation of OD. When using the in-circuit emulation method implemented by the diagnostic module, there is no need to use devices to “determine” fault points, since the method itself allows you to directly identify a failed functional node (for example, RAM) in an object. Also, the integration of the module allows to reduce diagnostic blocks.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagnostic system in the programming mode of micro-command memory (PZUMK) and debugging, before the diagnostic object is included in the duty cycle, FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an autonomous diagnostic module.

Autonomous diagnostic module includes: control computer 1; serial bus 2; diagnostic module 3; diagnostic object 4; system bus 5; connector pins 6; masked interrupt request signal 7; indication output signals 8; serial bus controller 9; microcontroller with microprogram control 10; read-only memory of microcommands (PZUMK) 11; random access memory (RAM) 12; buffers 13 address signals; timer 14; display signal buffer 15.

Before starting the work of the autonomous diagnostic module, it is necessary to program its permanent memory micro-commands according to the developed model of the module’s functioning. For this purpose, a stand-alone diagnostic module 3 is installed in the connector of the system bus 5 of the diagnostic object 4 and connected to its external connector control computer 1 (for example, a laptop), via a serial bus 2 (Fig. 1). The stand-alone module through the contacts of the connector 6 is connected to the tires of the diagnostic object, generates a masked interrupt request signal 7 to the diagnostic object and the output signals of the indication 8 (Fig. 1). For each type of diagnostic object, the control sequence of microcommands may differ. The computer in this connection plays the role of a programmer. After completing the programming procedure, the serial bus 2 with the computer 1 is disconnected from the diagnostic module 3 and the diagnostic module goes into offline mode.

Functional blocks of an autonomous diagnostic module (Fig. 2): serial bus 2 and serial bus controller 9, microcontroller with microprogram control 10, read-only memory of microcommands (PZUMK) 11, random access memory (RAM) 12, buffers 13 of address, data, and control, combined according to the rules of the internal system interface, system bus 5, timer 14, which generates a masked interrupt request signal 7 and a buffer of indication signals 15 with output signals of indication 8.

The start of the test procedure of the diagnostic object is initiated by a timer 14, which sends a masked interrupt 7 signal to the processor of the diagnostic object, the controller of the serial bus 9 with the serial bus 2 is disconnected from the internal bus of the diagnostic module (Fig. 2). Since the interrupt signal is masked, the processor of the diagnostic object begins to respond to it only after completion of the current data processing procedure (during pauses for processing the main signals). In this case, the processor of the diagnostic object transfers its output bits to the passive state (disconnects from the system bus) and, according to the typical sequence of interrupt processing, goes into standby mode (is blocked).

After receiving the interrupt confirmation signal via the system bus 5, the microcontroller 10 (Fig. 2) reads a sequence of microcommands (microprograms) from the PZUMK 11. When performing microprograms, the microcontroller 10 generates stimulating effects, which, through buffers 13 (Fig. 2), are sent via bus 5 to OD 4 (Fig. 1). The buffers are connected by two-way communication with the microcontroller 10 and RAM 12 (Fig. 2). The responses of the diagnostic object (Fig. 1) 4 to stimulating effects are read by an autonomous diagnostic module. As a result of the execution of all test commands in the RAM 12 of the diagnostic module, a file of comparison results is generated, the digital code of which is sent by the microcontroller 10 through the indicator buffer 15 to the external display, where the received digital code is analyzed and conclusions are made about the health of the diagnostic object as a whole and each of it functional devices.

The peculiarity of the applied diagnostic system consists in applying specially organized test actions to the object from the diagnostic tools (stimulation stage) and obtaining an assessment of the reaction.

The developed device will find application in systems: control and monitoring of the technological process, communications, parameter accounting, and in other systems at enterprises that are operated continuously and whose long shutdown will lead to disruption of the process or malfunction. At the same time, during the operation of the object, the autonomous diagnostic module, by the signals of the built-in timer, periodically for short periods of time takes control of the processor bus of the diagnostic object and diagnoses its blocks (RAM, ROM, I / O ports).

The introduction of an autonomous diagnostic module into the diagnostic object allows you to exclude the external control computer from the diagnostic procedures, carry out diagnostics without human intervention, increase the frequency of diagnostic procedures, reduce the interval between them and increase the efficiency of deciding on the health of the diagnostic object, minimize the time required to complete the diagnostic process, which will increase the reliability of the functioning of the diagnostic object.

When using the in-circuit emulation method implemented by the diagnostic module, there is no need to use devices to “determine” fault points, since the method itself allows you to directly identify a failed functional node (for example, RAM) in an object. Also, the integration of the module allows to reduce diagnostic blocks.

Information confirming the ability of the diagnostic module to perform the functions prescribed to it as part of this system is the developed mathematical model of its functioning (Fig. 3)

, который после прекращения работы текущей команды передается в оперативную память модуля и, далее, - на индикатор в виде цифрового кода.A mathematical model (MM) is built for the diagnostic module (M _d ) using the principle of microprogram control. The database in the programming mode of the memory of the autonomous module sends to M _{d a} set of test commands K _Tj in the form of code V _code = {KT ₁ , K _T2 ... K _Tj }, the commands are recorded (programmed) in the PZUMK. From each test command K _{Tj, the} module M _d generates a sequence of microcommands having the necessary addresses (addresses of elementary stimulating influences - AmSV), data (elementary stimulating influences) and control signals (U) for checking OD. Reference reactions - mSV (D _et ) are recorded in memory along with test commands. In this case, the test command sets the verification of any OD node, and the micro command will serve as an elementary check (ES) of this OD node (for example, RAM). The formation from the test team of each exposure for OD, consisting of control signals (U), the address of the elementary stimulating effect (AmSV) and elementary stimulating effect (mSV) characterizes the new state M _d -q _Ti . On the sequence of actions - S = {q _T1 (t ₁ ), q _T2 (t ₂ ), ... q _Ti (t _i )} (a sequence of microcommands), the answer is read from the OD - R = {r _{i + 1} (t _{i + 1} ), r _{i + 2} (t _{i + 2} ), ... r _{i + k} (t _{i + k} )}, which is essentially a data set. These received data (R) in M _{d are} compared with the data that were previously recorded in the memory of the module - mSV (D _floor ) -R _floor = {D _floor1 , D _floor2 ... D _floor }, i.e. comparison (verification) operations are performed P = {p ₁ , p ₂ ... p _i } of the reference data D _eti with OD reactions to elementary checks r _{i + k} . The comparison result is generated in a certain file.

which, after the termination of the current command, is transferred to the RAM of the module and, further, to the indicator in the form of a digital code.

The mathematical model of an autonomous diagnostic module (MMM _d ) is presented below.

M _d = (V _code. Q, Q _od , S, R, R _et , Z ² , P, φ, γ, q ₀ , t),

where M _d is the resulting set formed by the subsets of variables describing the state of the module;

V _code = {K _T1 , K _T2 ... K _Tj }, - a subset of test commands (command formats);

P = {p ₁ , p ₂ ... p _i } - a subset of the data obtained when checking for compliance with the standards;

Q = φ (V _code , t) - a subset of the states M _d or, a subset of the selected software test effects Q _Ti ;

Q _od = {q _{od i + 1} , q _{od i + 2} ... q _{od i + k} } —a set of OD states (q _{od i + k} ) as reactions to test effects of q _Ti from M _d ;

1. K _Tj → Q - the procedure for generating stimulating codes for OD from test teams;

q _T1 (t ₁ ) = φ (K _Tj ) = U ₁ ∨ AmSV ₁ ∨ mSV ₁ (D _et1 ) - a subset of the test results in the first time interval;

q _T2 (t ₂ ) = φ (K _Tj ) = U ₂ ∨ AmSV ₂ ∨mSV ₂ (D _et2 ) - a subset of the test results in the second time interval;

q _Ti (t _i ) = φ (K _Tj ) = U _i ∨ AmSV _i ∨ mSV _i (D _eti ) - a subset of the test results in the i-th time interval.

2. R _et = {D _et1 , D _et2 ... D _eti } - a set of standards for comparison;

3. S = {q _T1 (t ₁ ), q _T2 (t ₂ ), ... q _Ti (t _i )} are the states of the output stimulus package M _d for OD;

4. R = {r _{i + 1} (t _{i + 1} ), r _{i + 2} (t _{i + 2} ), ... r _{i + k} (t _{i + k} )} - a subset of the input signals for M _d , which is a reaction of OD on the stimulating effects of S;

5. ri + 1 (ti + 1) = γ (q _T1 (t ₁ ), q _{od i + 1} (t _{1 + 1} )) - elements of the set at the next step ((t _{1 + 1} );

r _{i + 2} (t _{i + 2} ) = γ (q _T2 (t ₂ ), q _{od i + 2} (t _{1 + 2} ));

r _{i + k} (t _{i + k} ) = γ (q _Ti (t _i ), q _{od i + k} (t _{1 + k} ));

процедура проверки (сравнения) соответствия состояний стимулирующих воздействий (которые являются так же внутренними состояниями М_д) с ответными реакциями М_д., P={p₁,p₂,…p_j};6.

the procedure for checking (comparing) the correspondence of the states of stimulating influences (which are also the internal states of M _d ) with the responses of M _d , P = {p ₁ , p ₂ , ... p _j };

- подмножество состояний выходного пакета М_д - результат сравнения стимулирующего воздействия «S» и реакции ОД «R» на него. Степень «2» означает следующее: для каждой проверки существует 2 исхода: «совпадение», «несовпадение». В первом случае

принимает значение «1», во втором - прописывается адрес неисправности;7.

- a subset of the states of the output packet M _d - the result of comparing the stimulating effect of "S" and the reaction of OD "R" on it. The degree of "2" means the following: for each test there are 2 outcomes: "coincidence", "mismatch". In the first case

takes the value “1”, in the second - the address of the malfunction is registered;

- φ is the function of transforming the input signals from the database into the set of internal states φ (V _code , t);

- γ is the dependence of the OD response from the test exposure q _Ti and the state of OD q _{od i + k} ;

- q ₀ - the initial state (inclusion M _d the masked interrupt signal from the diagnostic module);

- t - discrete values of time t ₁ , t ₂ , ... t _i . Since elementary tests are carried out in a certain sequence, we select discrete time intervals for them (t ₁ , t ₂ , ... t _i ).

The developed device will find application in systems: process control, communication, parameter accounting, and in other systems at enterprises that are operated continuously and which shutdown for a long time will lead to disruption of the process or malfunction.

The utility model is developed at the level of technical proposal and mathematical model. The results of the mathematical model showed the possibility of technical implementation of the invention and the achievement of the claimed technical result.

Claims (1)

An autonomous diagnostic module, made in the form of a digital machine, built into the diagnostic object and connected to the diagnostic object via the system bus connector, while the microcontroller with microprogram control is used at the heart of the machine, and a micro-command read-only memory with the possibility of its initial use is used as control memory programming on a serial bus from a computer by means of a serial bus controller, as random access memory - random access memory o for storing the diagnostic results generated by the microcontroller in the process of deciphering test commands into a sequence of microcommands, sending them through buffers as elementary stimulating actions to the diagnostic object and reading the responses by the diagnostic module, comparing them with the standards stored in the microcommand's permanent memory, characterized in that a timer has been additionally introduced into it, periodically generating a masked interrupt signal for the current procedure of the diagnostic object, according to to which the stand-alone diagnostic module independently starts the next test cycle, and a buffer for connecting the indicating device to the stand-alone diagnostic module.

Images