RU146506U1 - DEVICE FOR COMPENSATION OF EFFECT OF PASSIVATION OF OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF LITHIUM-THIONYL CHLORIDE BATTERY - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for compensating the effect of passivation of the output voltage of a lithium thionyl chloride battery, consisting of a microcontroller (MK), an indicator, a discharge circuit (RC), a battery parameter control unit (BKPB), a memory and a lithium thionyl chloride battery (LTCH), which has its second and third ports connected, respectively, with the first port of the RC and with the first port of the BKPB, which is connected by the second port to the third port of the MK, which is connected, with its first, second and fourth ports, to the indicator input, with the second port of the RC and with the memory port and, and made with the possibility of monitoring the electrical parameters of a lithium thionyl chloride battery (EPB) and registering them in memory, determining the level of operability of a lithium thionyl chloride battery (URB) by the degree of degradation of its electrical parameters by processing data stored in the memory node, programming pulse parameters discharge current used to activate LTBH, taking into account the data stored in the memory, and display URB using the indicator, characterized in that it includes the first commutator a torus (PC), a second switch (VK), an alternative source of electric energy made in the form of a small atomic battery (MAB), a first electric energy storage device made in the form of a first supercapacitor battery (PBSK) and a second electric energy storage device made in the form of a second supercapacitor batteries (VBSK), which is connected with its first and second ports, respectively, to the second MAB port and the second VK port, which is connected with its third and first ports, respectively, to the third RC port and sixth

Description

The utility model relates to electrical engineering, and more specifically, to battery maintenance devices and their maintenance, and can be used to monitor the performance and activation of lithium, mainly primary lithium-thionyl chloride batteries (LTHB), during their operation as part of technical devices and systems (TUS) operating autonomously with power from the aforementioned LTB.

In modern society, many technical devices and systems (TUS) are actively used, the operation of which in an autonomous mode is provided by chemical current sources (CIT). In many areas where TUSs with autonomous power supply are used, increased requirements are placed on the power supply system, including for maintaining the operability of the TUS with intensive current loads, for working for long periods (> 5 years) and for resistance to the effects of extreme ambient temperatures Wednesday.

According to experts [L1, L2], salt and alkaline batteries have limited capabilities for the ability to give powerful current pulses and maintain performance over a long period of operation due to the high level of self-discharge. This limits their use to ensure the functioning of TUS in the aforementioned difficult conditions and makes a more attractive alternative to the use of lithium chemical current sources, which do not have such disadvantages. Lithium batteries are primary chemical current sources in which lithium metal, one of the most chemically active metals, is used as an anode. It has a large electrochemical potential and provides a high energy density. Among lithium batteries, the best in most electrical parameters are elements of the lithium thionyl chloride system (Li / SOC12). They are characterized by the highest output voltage (3.6 V), maximum electric capacity, the widest temperature range, very small self-discharge currents and an average typical discharge current, and some series of products are able to work in an extended temperature range and produce increased discharge currents. Compared to salt and alkaline ChIT, lithium current sources have very important advantages, the main one is the high specific energy density, that is, lithium cells, with equal dimensions to other ChIT, have the largest energy supply and, therefore, can provide a longer TUS offline time. Another important quality of lithium-thionyl chloride batteries (LTHB) is the long shelf life of up to 10-15 years. This is ensured by a low self-discharge current, which can reduce the nominal capacity of these products by no more than 1% per year. For example, over 10 years of storage, the LHCB energy resource may decrease due to self-discharge only by 10%. For comparison: salt batteries are stored for no more than 3-4 years. LCHBs are also resistant to the effects of ambient temperature. For example, if alkaline batteries practically stop working at a temperature of -25 ° C ... -30 ° C, then LTHB can work at a temperature of -55 ° C ... -60 ° C. This is because the freezing point of liquid thionyl chloride is -130 ° C. Most standard lithium HITs are capable of operating at temperatures of + 85 ° C. World market leaders in the production of lithium HIT declare that they guarantee the stable operation of their products (LCHB) at temperatures reaching + 130 ° C ... + 150 ° C.

The excellent qualities of lithium-thionyl chloride batteries (LTCHB), including high load capacity, low self-discharge current, long shelf life and a wide range of operating temperatures, make them popular for use both in consumer REA / TUS for domestic use and in special-purpose equipment. used by oil / gas workers, geologists, medical workers, emergency services, emergency services, security agencies, etc. However, as practice has shown, in the process operation of LTHB can prematurely lose their performance and cause failures in the operation of the TUS. Most often, the loss of working capacity of LTCB occurs when it is stored or discharged by low currents for a long time. The reasons for the loss of operability of LTHB are due to the technological features of its production and operation modes. Thus, the low self-discharge current and the very long (> 10 years) shelf life of LTCB is due to the existence of the thinnest insulating film of lithium chloride (IPCL) formed on the surface of a lithium metal electrode. It occurs immediately, even at the time of assembly of the element on the conveyor line of the manufacturer, as soon as lithium comes into contact with thionyl chloride. And having arisen, it interrupts the interaction of reagents and stops the chemical reaction involving lithium. When using LTCHB as part of TUS, a contradictory situation is created in which, on the one hand, the presence of IPHL guarantees the necessary (useful) properties of LTHB: low self-discharge current and long shelf life of LTHB, therefore, IPHL must be preserved. On the other hand, over time, the thickness of lithium chloride grows, and in proportion to the thickness of IPCL, its resistance R _un , which can be significantly greater than r _baht, is the internal resistance of LTCB. As a result of the formation of an IPCL with R _un > r _baht at the moment the load is connected to the LTCB, its discharge current decreases and a voltage drop is observed at its output contacts (the effect of passivation of the output voltage of the LTCB). So, if the nominal voltage of LTCHB (Li / SOC12) at a standard discharge current should be equal to about 3.6 V, then due to the formation of IPCL it can drop to 2.3 V ... 2.7 V. Therefore, to prevent a decrease the operability of LTHB and the prevention of failures in the operation of TUSs powered by this LTHB, IPHL must be destroyed.

Experts from [L3] noted that the effect of passivation (lowering) of the output voltage of the LTCHB (hereinafter referred to as the passivation of LTCHB) plays a dual role. Thus, the formation of IPCL in the form of a layer of lithium chloride on the surface of lithium prevents a further reaction between lithium and thionyl chloride, as a result of which the self-discharge of LTCB is reduced, due to which the shelf life of LTCB is increased to 10 years or more. That is, the positive side of the passivation of LTHB is protection against a noticeable loss of capacity due to self-discharge. But there is a negative side to the effect of passivation of LHB. So, when the battery is stored for some time, and then connected to the load (TUS), then its initial output voltage of LTCB will be low, since lithium coated with a layer of its own salt is no longer as chemically active with respect to the electrolyte and R _un > r _baht . As a result of this, it is required to spend part of the energy of the battery W _baht on the destruction of IPHL. That is, before entering the operating mode according to the output voltage and current, part of the energy resource / capacity of the LTHB should be spent on destroying the IPCF and reaching a state in which R _un <r _baht . The decrease in the voltage at the output of the LCPB as a result of the formation of IPCL is called the effect of passivation of the output voltage of the LCPB or the delay in the voltage of the LCPB.

Passivation of LTHB significantly affects the reliability of the power supply system of TUS, especially portable technical devices (PTU), operating autonomously with power from LTHB. This is due to the fact that in order to maintain a high level of operability of the technical training colleges it is necessary to ensure their functioning both in the microconsumption mode (standby mode with a consumption current <1 mA) and in the maximum power consumption mode (active mode with a consumption current >> 1 mA). As a rule, to ensure reliable operation of a vocational school, it is necessary to ensure that its operating modes are switched from duty to active almost instantly / without delay. However, the passivation of LTHB can significantly increase these delays, since it takes some time to destroy IPHL and restore the required level of battery performance (BDS). Therefore, the passivation of LTHB, which causes a delay in the voltage of LTHB, is a source of failures of vocational schools. The passivation of LTCB, which determines the URB, depends on the value of R _un - resistance of IPCL, limiting the value of the discharge current of LTCB, often reducing it below acceptable limits. In these cases, the capacity of the LTHB becomes insufficient to maintain the load (PTU) in working condition. Thus, as a result of the passivation of LTHB, the functioning of vocational schools can be unstable, with failures / failures. Moreover, over time, as the film grows, the internal resistance R _un increases and the output voltage of the LTCB decreases, the PTU can fail completely, although the LTCB has not yet reached its full capacity even by half. As a result of passivation of LTHB, a tester or electronic portable scales may stop working in everyday life, in the office, when the power is turned on, the computer BIOS may stop loading, during a long journey the GPS navigator may suddenly fail, metering devices such as meters may fail in stand-alone industrial devices - water flow meters (gas, oil products, heat), can suddenly stop the emergency warning system in hazardous industries, medical equipment, military equipment may fail art burst communications with spacecraft, etc.

Thus, on the one hand, LHBs are in demand in many applications, including those responsible, that is, where it is required to ensure a high level of reliability of the functioning of vocational schools, for example, in communications, medicine, military affairs, etc. And on the other hand, these products can lead to a failure (failure) of a vocational school due to the effect of passivation of the output voltage of the LTHB, as well as the accelerated expenditure of energy to maintain a high level of its DRM. That is, the efficiency of various devices / systems depends significantly on the state of the power supply system, the basis of which is LHB.

In this regard, the problem arises of improving the reliability of portable technical devices (PTU) based on improving their power supply system.

As studies have shown, the solution of this problem can be achieved by compensating for the effect of passivation of the output voltage of a lithium-thionyl chloride battery (LCHB) on the overall operability of the power supply systems of vocational schools using LCHB as the main power source.

It was found that the depassivation of LTCHB, which causes the destruction of the insulating film of lithium chloride (IPLC), is traditionally carried out by the forced discharge of LTCHB. At the same time, a contradictory situation is created in which, on the one hand, in order to ensure the conservation of LTHB energy for a long time, IPHL - must be maintained, depassivation of LTHB (forced discharge) - is not necessary. In this case, due to the effect of passivation of LTHB, its working capacity will decrease over time, since the thickness of IPHL will increase. On the other hand, in order to maintain a high URB index and the ability to deliver the required current to the load, IPHL does not need to be stored, that is, it exposes the LTB to the activation procedure (forced discharge). Since the depassivation / activation of LTHB provides for its forced discharge, this inevitably leads to a decrease in the energy resource / capacity of the LTHB, which causes a decrease in the level of operability of the power supply system of the vocational school because it reduces the reliability and duration of their autonomous operation.

As studies have shown, maintaining the state of continuous battery life (PRB) is very problematic in practice, which is associated with the action of objective factors, among which is the lack of information about the shelf life and operating conditions of LTBs in TUS / PTU. This leads to the fact that LHB may be subjected to an activation procedure either excessively often or not in a timely manner. In the first case, the LCCB undergoes accelerated wear and a quick loss of energy, which leads to a reduction in the autonomous operation of the TUS / PTU and the appearance of premature failures (loss of operability), and in the second case, to passivation (decrease / delay) of the output voltage of the LCCB, which leads to partial or complete refusals of the TUS / vocational school.

As the information / patent search has shown, the well-known technical solutions that can be used to maintain the LCPB in the state of PFD have significant drawbacks that reduce the reliability and battery life of the TUS / PTU, the power of which is provided by the integrated LCPB, so the search for more effective solutions is an urgent task.

From the technique [L3], a method is known to reduce the effect of passivation of LTBB, which involves connecting a large capacitor (about 250 μF) in parallel to it. It is assumed that when the PTU is turned on, the “failure” of the voltage at the output of the passivated LTCB will be compensated by the energy stored in the capacitor.

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not provide depassivation of LTB, but only reduces its effect on the performance of vocational schools at a certain period of its operation. The effectiveness of this method is very low, since the passivation of LTCHB develops over time, which can lead to premature loss of operability of vocational schools due to a decrease in DRM below the permissible value due to an increase in the thickness of IPCL and an increase in the total internal resistance of LTCHB. Also, LTCHB is often operated in a low current load mode (TUS / PTU microconsumption mode), when the passivation of LTCHB develops uncontrollably, and the presence of the mentioned capacitor does not interfere with this process at all, which significantly limits the effectiveness of this method.

The technique [L3] also knows the method of depassivation of LTCHB, which provides for batteries stored for long periods of time to carry out activation of LTCHB every six months to bring its output voltage to the nominal value. It is proposed to carry out the destruction of IPHL using a discharge current, the value of which is 1 ~ 3 times higher than the current consumed by the PTU with bringing the output voltage of LHB to 3 V. The time of depassivation of LHB is limited to about 5 minutes. If after 5 minutes of discharge by the installed current, the output voltage of the LTHB does not reach 3 V, then the LTHB makes a decision that it is not operational.

The use of this method partially eliminates the disadvantages of the previous method, since the process of its use can be achieved in one way or another, de-passivation LHB. However, the efficiency of using this method is very low. This is due to the following factors of a subjective and objective nature. So, when using this method, the established regulations can be grossly violated, since individuals (PL) performing maintenance of LTHB can have low training and qualifications. Alleged violations of the standards provided for by the LFCB maintenance (activation / depassivation) procedure, for example, due to distractions, errors, and significant errors in the visual control of LFCB discharge processes and voltage measurements at its output, can cause excessive LCCB capacity or its incomplete activation. That is, the LHB activation procedure in this method is performed “by eye” / approximately / without strictly following the rules - all this affects the quality of LHB activation and the monitoring of its operability, since it can lead to a partial restoration of the LHB functionality or to excessive consumption of the battery’s life (loss of capacity). In addition, this method gives approximate recommendations for the activation of LTHB: "activation is carried out by a current that should be approximately 1 ~ 3 times higher than the current consumed by the electronic device in its normal mode of operation." It also reduces the efficiency of using this method and can cause an accelerated consumption of LTCHB energy, since when activated, a consumer can discharge LTCHB with excessively high currents and / or excessively long time, especially, in the conditions of a priori uncertainty of the operating conditions of the technical and technical colleges in which LTCHB will be used, the lack of data on the terms of its release / storage and / or operation in the discharge mode by microcurrents that do not impede the passivation of LTB. Also, this method has low efficiency in the operation of LTHB as part of TUS / PTU. This is due to the fact that during the operation of the TUS / PTU the LTHB operation is carried out in a combined mode, which includes: storage (TUS - off), microcurrent operation, which facilitates the passivation of the LTHB, and operation with the rated current load. With this mode of operation, it is practically impossible for the TUS user to determine the frequency of the LHB activation procedure. Therefore, activation will be carried out at random, most likely more often than required, in order to ensure the status of the PSR. In this case, LHB will rapidly lose its energy resource. If activation is rarely carried out, then due to passivation, LTHB can lose its performance and cause a failure in the operation of the TUS / PTU.

From the technique [L4], a method for activating LTCHB is known, which assumes, for equipment that most of the time is in the off state or consumes microcurrents, before starting its intended use, it is activated, which means that the LTCH is manually connected to the load for several seconds and, under the control of the voltage at the terminals, it is discharged by a current several times higher than the standard one until a powerful discharge of the current flowing through the LTHB destroys the insulating film, with the completion of activation after the voltage at the load is restored to the operating level, which is taken as a voltage value exceeding 3 V.

This method can be considered more acceptable in practice, compared with the previous method, since, according to most experts, a more reliable criterion for the activation (depassivation) of an LTCH is not a full restoration of the nominal voltage of 3.6 V at the battery output, but the achievement of a value exceeding 3 V, as provided in this method of activation of LTB. It is such a criterion (achievement> 3 V at the output of a loaded LTB) that can provide a more careful energy consumption of the serviced battery.

The disadvantages of this method are similar, as in the previous method. This method also offers an exemplary LTHB maintenance mode: “discharge the battery by a current several times higher than the standard”. This method of depassivation of LHC can cause a significant decrease in the life of LHC, since its use does not regulate the frequency of the activation procedure and the effect on LHC is not regulated by time and value of the current by “stress” exposure to high currents, which causes a significant consumption of battery capacity and accelerated production of its energy resource . Also, this method has a low level of efficiency, since after installing LTCH in TUS / PTU, the question of servicing LTCH remains “open”, that is, how and when to perform this procedure - everything is offered at the discretion of the user, who is deprived of reliable information about the degree of wear and passivation LTHB. The possibility of servicing with minimization of energy losses associated with the activation of LTHB, and the organization of such a service in which the ability of LTHB to deliver to the load the current value provided for by the manufacturer’s specification of this product when using this method is not provided. Compensation of the influence of the effect of passivation of the output voltage of the LTHB on the overall level of operability of the power supply system of vocational schools using LTHB as the main source of power supply is not provided in this method.

From the technology [L5], a device for activating a lithium thionyl chloride battery is known, consisting of a battery of a chemical current source (battery), a discharge circuit (RC), a switch and a voltage control unit (BKN), which is connected to the first port by the first and second ports, respectively the switch and the first battery port and with the second battery port and the first port of the RC node, which is connected to the second port of the switch by the second port. At the same time, the RC node is configured to limit the maximum allowable current flowing through the activated battery. This device operates as follows. To carry out the battery activation procedure, the switch is closed at time T, which causes the flow of electric current I through the RC node. At the same time, with the help of the BKN unit, it is possible for the operator performing battery activation to visually control the voltage level at the output of the LTB (battery). In this device, the switch is made in the form of a typical electric switch, and the RC node is in the form of a constant resistor Rрц. The value of the electric activation current of the battery is determined by the expression: I = Ubat / Rrc, where Ubat is the voltage at the output of the battery, Rrc is the resistance value of the load resistor (RC node). In the process of activating the battery, the operator (individual) conducts visual monitoring of the voltage change at the battery output using the BKN unit, which can be used as a typical voltmeter. The parameters of the RC node, made in the form of a constant resistor, are set based on the calculation of the permissible current through the battery. If the battery is operational (operational), then its activation process, which is recorded visually according to the testimony of the BKN unit, obeys the following model: at the initial stage, I fight after switching on the switch, the voltage at the battery output can “drain” / decrease (reach a low value - extremum) less than 3 V (for a battery with a rated output voltage of 3.6 V). Then, after 5-15 seconds after the start of the battery activation procedure, according to the testimony of the BKN unit, the fact is fixed that the voltage on the battery begins to increase smoothly, and when the value exceeds 3 V or more, the battery activation procedure is terminated. If the voltage on the battery does not rise above 3 V within 1 minute, then the process of its activation stops and a decision is made that the battery is malfunctioning (not working).

This device has inherent disadvantages similar to the previously discussed methods. The procedure for activating the battery when using this device is “approximate” in nature, since the switch is turned on manually, and the output voltage level on the battery is monitored visually. Errors of operators performing the battery activation procedure can significantly affect the quality of this procedure. The low accuracy of observing the regulation of the battery activation procedure and the lack of control of the discharge current value can cause an increased consumption of battery energy (due to the discharge of the battery during its activation excessive high currents for a long time). It should also be noted that the use of this device is extremely inconvenient, since the battery activation procedure requires the constant participation of photoluminescence for continuous visual monitoring of the output voltage at the battery output. And if we take into account the fact that focusing on PLs that are constantly engaged in vigorous activity for a long time to ensure the routine process of battery activation (for example, to activate LTBB type ER26500, it takes 25 minutes to discharge 60 mA), this is an exhausting task, the implementation of which , with a high probability, can be violated due to distractions of the aforementioned PL. That is, a significant inconvenience of using this device to activate the battery can lead to a significant decrease in the quality of battery service. Also, with the help of this device, the possibility of servicing with minimization of energy losses associated with the activation of the LTHB battery, and the organization of such service, which retains the ability of the LTHB battery to deliver to the load the current value provided by the manufacturer’s specification for this product when using this device, is not provided. The lack of data on operating modes, the degree of degradation of the electrical parameters of the LTHB and continuous monitoring of their values does not allow the user to reliably monitor and activate the battery in a timely manner. Compensation of the effect of passivation of the output voltage of the LTCHB on the overall level of operability of the power supply system of vocational schools using LTCHB as the main source of power supply using this device is not provided.

A device consisting of a battery of series-connected chemical current sources (hereinafter referred to as the battery), a battery balancing and control unit (BKPB), a current sensor (DT), a discharge circuit (RC), an indicator, and a control unit (BU) is known from the technology [L6]. ), which is connected with its first to fourth ports, respectively, with the first port of the BKPB node, with the indicator input, with the first port of the RC node and with the first port of the DT node, which is connected to the load and to the second port of the RC node by the second and third ports and the first port of the battery that watts ring port coupled to the second port assembly BKPB, thus, BU unit is adapted to control the battery performance according to the data coming from the nodes and DT BKPB, which is arranged to control the voltage at the battery cell and the current load balancing them.

This device operates as follows. In the initial state, the control unit performs short-term testing of the battery by connecting it to the RC assembly, which emulates the load with its rated current. If the voltage on the battery during testing is within acceptable values, a message about the battery is working is displayed on the indicator. In the simplest case, the indicator may be a two-color LED, the green or red glow of which may indicate, respectively, the serviceability or low state of the battery. In working condition, when the load is connected (turning on the power to the TUS / PTU), the battery starts to discharge. The current level in the load is controlled by the DT unit, and the voltage on the battery cells is controlled by the BKPB unit. In the process of discharging the battery or when exposed to large discharge currents, the voltage on individual elements of the battery may decrease, which indicates their discharge or reduced performance. In these cases, the BKPB unit under the control of the BU unit performs balancing of the battery cells, which ensures the redistribution of the current load between the battery cells. If during operation the voltage on the battery drops below the permissible value, then this fact will be recorded by the control unit, which will turn on the indicator to indicate that the battery is low.

This device partially eliminates the disadvantages of the previous device. This is due to the fact that the device has a battery testing procedure that allows you to monitor the battery's performance and timely notify the user of the TUS / PTU about its status using the indicator. In addition, the BKPB unit provides balancing of the current load on the battery cells, which ensures an increase in its operability (duration).

This technical solution has disadvantages similar to the previous device. So, battery testing, performed before starting the TUS / PTU (load) operation, does not provide reliable control of the battery performance, since its passivation can develop gradually and cannot be detected and, moreover, not eliminated at the stage of testing with rated load current. It should also be noted that balancing the current load on the battery cells can in some cases contribute to the development of the passivation process of individual battery cells, because the effect of the increased current pulses that occur in the load and can destroy IPCL is reduced by the BKPB unit. Compensation of the effect of passivation of the output voltage of the LTCHB on the overall performance level of the power supply system of vocational schools using LTCHB as the main source of power supply using this TP is not provided.

From the technology [L7], a device is known for depassivation of a lithium thionyl chloride battery (hereinafter referred to as the device), consisting of a first output contact (PVC), a second output contact (IHC), a switch, a discharge circuit (RC), an indicator, a keyboard and a microcontroller (MK) which, with its first through sixth ports, is connected, respectively, with an indicator, with a keyboard, with a PVC node and the first switch port, with a second switch port, with an IHC node and the first port of the RC node, and with the second port of the RC node, which is connected with the third port with third host port ommutatora. At the same time, the PVC and VVK nodes are made with the possibility of connecting to a lithium-thionyl chloride battery (LTHB), the switch node is made with the possibility of switching (connecting) to the PVC and VVK load nodes in the form of a RC node that is capable of regulation (installation / programming) the discharge current flowing through the aforementioned LTB, the indicator node is configured to control the voltage level at the output of the LTB node, the keyboard node is configured to enter the data necessary to set the parameters of the LTX activation procedure For example, the discharge current and discharge time indicator assembly 6 configured as a display capable of displaying alphanumeric and symbol information required to control data input from the keyboard and display results of said activation LTHB. At the same time, the MK node operates according to the program providing the ability to support the functions of the indicator and keyboard, monitor the voltage level of the LTCHB connected (connected) to the nodes of the PVK and VVK, generate an activating current pulse (ATI) that acts on the said LTHB for its depassivation (activation), normalized by the time of action and the value of the current load, by turning on the switch for a specified time (entered using the keyboard) and adjusting the current passing through the RC node, determining the extremum (minimum value) in the voltage change of the aforementioned LTBB during the process of ATI exposure to it, fixing at the PVC and VVK nodes (at the output of the LTBB) the voltage level at the mentioned extremum (Umin) and the voltage level of the depassivated (activated) battery (Uout), measured at the end of the exposure ATI on it, displaying on the indicator 6 the results of depassivation (activation) of the LCCB in the form of numerical values of the voltages Umin and Uout and symbolic or text messages of the type “ok” or “discharged”, indicating, respectively, the performance of the LCCB, or its failure In addition, the decision on the result of the “ok” type is taken if Uout> 3 V, otherwise, it is considered that the aforementioned LTB is not operational and the corresponding message is displayed on the indicator.

This device operates as follows. In the initial state, preparations are made for the depassivation (activation) procedure of LHB. For this, according to the specifications of the manufacturer of the LHCB, data on the depassivation time (Tpas) of the LHCB and the value of the discharge current (Iraz) are entered into the device using the keyboard under the visual control of individuals (PL) using the indicator. That is, the parameters of the activating current impulse (ATI) acting on the LCP are set. Then, LTHB is connected to the device. After connecting the LCCB to the nodes of the PVC and VVK, the MK node detects the fact of connecting to the LTCB device by the presence (appearance) of voltage on the nodes of the PVC and VVK. The LTHB depassivation (activation) procedure is automatically started: the switch is turned on for a time Tpas, using the RC node, the LTHB discharge current is set to Iraz. Further, the voltage is monitored at the PVC and VVK nodes, which corresponds to the control of the output voltage at the LTHB connected to these nodes. In the process of monitoring the voltage at the LTCH, the minimum voltage value (Umin) and the battery output voltage (Uout), measured at the end of the action of an activating current pulse (ATI) on it, are recorded. After completion of the action of an activating current pulse (ATI) on the CTB, the obtained value of the voltage Uout is analyzed by the MK node according to the criterion 3 V <Uout <3 V and the result of the depassivation (activation) of the LTCB is displayed on the indicator in the form of numerical values of the voltages Umin and Uout and symbolic or text messages of the type “OK” or “DISCHARGED”, indicating, respectively, the performance or malfunction of the LCC. At the same time, a decision on the result of the “OK” type is made if Uout> 3 V, otherwise, it is considered that the aforementioned LTB is malfunctioning / inoperative and a corresponding message is displayed on indicator 6. The display on the indicator of the battery voltage values Umin and Uout allows you to visually assess both the degree of passivation of the LTCHB (by the value of Umin) and the level of restoration of its performance (by the value of Uout).

This technical solution (TP) partially eliminates the disadvantages of the previous TP. This is achieved due to more accurate (as compared with the previous TP) compliance with the LHCB activation regulation, in which it is exposed to the “resuscitation” effect of an energy pulse, for the formation of which the battery capacity Q = I ∗ T is consumed, where I and T are the programmed values of the discharge current and discharge time entered using the keyboard and indicator. The ability to standardize / program the parameters I and T, as well as the automatic execution and control of LCCB depassivation without operator / PL participation (due to the intellectualization of the maintenance process using the MK node), optimizes the Q parameter and brings it closer to the Qopt value. the minimum consumption of its energy resource, which increases the reliability of the operation of TUS / PTU, in terms of increasing the reliability and duration of their battery life.

This TP has disadvantages similar to the previous device. The main ones are: the lack of load protection (TUS / PTU) from the influence of passivation of the LTCHB output voltage (source of failures in the TUS / PTU operation) and the loss of energy of the LTHB on its activation (reducing the battery life of the TUS / PTU and the premature loss of their performance). Compensation of the effect of passivation of the output voltage of the LTCHB on the overall performance level of the power supply system of vocational schools using LTCHB as the main source of power supply using this TP is not provided.

From the technology [L8] it is known a device for activating and monitoring the health of a lithium battery (hereinafter referred to as the device), consisting of a current sensor (DT), a microcontroller (MK), an indicator, a discharge circuit (RC), a real-time clock module (RTM), a battery, control unit for battery parameters (BKPB) and memory, which is connected by its port to the first port of the MK node, which is connected with the second to sixth ports, respectively, to the port of the CDM unit, with an indicator input, with the first port of the BKPB unit, with the first port of the unit RC and the first port of the DT node, which is these second and third ports are connected, respectively, with the load and with the second port of the RC node and the first battery port, which is connected with the second port to the second port of the BKPB node, which is configured to control the voltage on the battery cells and balance their current load, in addition, the MK node operates according to a program that provides the ability to monitor the current from the battery to the load according to the data read from the DT node, and to record in memory the passivation time of the battery Tpas, defined as the battery runtime with a discharge current whose level is lower than the nominal one, initializing the battery activation procedure upon reaching the time Tpass threshold (Tthreshold) / set value, for example, Tthreshold = 24 hours, controlling the battery activation procedure with normalization of the operating time and the discharge / activation current of the battery, set according to the specifications / recommendations of the battery manufacturer.

This device operates as follows. The status (performance) of the battery is indicated by an indicator. In the initial state, the MCHRV unit 6 operates, which counts the time Toff of finding the load (TUS / PTU) in which the battery is installed, in the off state. In this case, the battery is operated in a mode with a current load close to zero, that is, the discharge current value of the battery is Ioff. Toff time is fixed in the memory node. The current consumed by the load, which is the electronic part of the TUS / PTU, can take both the nominal Inom value and the minimum value, for example, corresponding to the energy saving mode, in which the current detected by the DT node becomes Imicro <Inom. Tmicro time, like battery life in Imicro current-load mode, is also recorded in the memory node. Upon reaching the time Tpac = Toff + Tmicro≥T threshold, the MK node starts the battery activation procedure with normalization of Tdepas - the operating time and Idepas - the discharge / activation current of the battery. For this, the RC node is turned on, with the help of which the battery is discharged with current and during the time, which are defined / set by the specification / recommendations of the manufacturer of the battery (battery cells). The battery activation procedure is performed until the voltage at the output of the battery cell is increased> 3 V. If the procedure is completed successfully, the corresponding message is displayed on the indicator, for example, when using a two-color LED indicator as a node, its glow is set to green, as a sign of a working battery, in Otherwise, the color of the indicator light is set to red (battery is low).

This TP partially eliminates the disadvantages of the previous TP. This is due to the fact that this technical solution provides a fixation of the battery life in operating modes that do not impede the process of its passivation. This allows you to more accurately control the performance of the battery, calculate the frequency of its activation, and also perform this procedure in strict accordance with the recommendations of the battery manufacturer. As a result of this, the energy consumption used to activate the battery is minimized (the frequency of activation procedures is optimized), the battery is maintained in a state of readiness to provide the load with the required discharge current (timely depassivation), and the reliability of monitoring the battery performance is also increased.

This TP has disadvantages similar to the previous TP. It should be noted that the use of the strategy of “maintaining the battery in a state of full operability” leads to increased energy consumption of the LTHB. That is, a high URB indicator is achieved at the cost of reducing its main electrical indicator - capacity, which determines both the reliability and the battery life of the vocational school. Compensation of the effect of passivation of the output voltage of the LTCHB on the overall performance level of the power supply system of vocational schools using LTCHB as the main source of power supply using this TP is not provided.

According to the authors, the closest in technical essence to the claimed object (prototype) is, known from the technique [L9], a device for testing and activating a lithium thionyl chloride battery (hereinafter - the device), consisting of a microcontroller (MK), an indicator, a discharge circuit ( RC), battery control unit (BKPB), memory and lithium thionyl chloride battery (LTKhB), which is connected with the first to third ports, respectively, with the load, with the first port of the RC node and with the first port of the BKPB node, which is the second port connected to a third it is the MK node port, which is connected, with its first, second and fourth ports, respectively, to the indicator input, to the second port of the RC node and to the memory port, while the MK node operates according to a program that provides the ability to control the electrical parameters of the LTB, for example, its internal resistance, and their registration in the memory node, determining the performance level of the LTHB (DRM) by the degree of degradation of its electrical parameters by processing the data accumulated in the memory node, and displaying the DRM using the indicator node, program mmirovaniya discharge current pulse parameters (magnitude and time of its action) used to activate LTHB, based on the data accumulated in the memory unit, the automatic start LTHB activation procedure with a decrease below the permissible BDS / set value.

The functional diagram of this device is shown in FIG. 1. The device (Fig. 1) consists of a microcontroller (MK) 1, indicator 2, a discharge circuit (RC) 3, a battery parameter control unit (BKPB) 4, a memory 5, and a lithium thionchloride battery (LTCH) 7, which the first through third ports are connected, respectively, with a load of 6, with the first port of the RC 3 node and with the first port of the BKPB 4 node, which is connected by the second port to the third port of the MK 1 node, which is connected, respectively, with its first, second and fourth ports indicator 2 input, with the second port of the RC 3 node and with the port of the memory node 5, while the MK 1 node it runs according to a program that provides the ability to control the electrical parameters of the LTCHB 7 node, for example, its internal resistance, and register them in the memory node 5, determine the level of operability of the LTCHB 7 (URB) node by the degree of degradation of its electrical parameters by processing the data stored in the memory node 5, and displaying the URB LTCHB 7 using the indicator node 2, programming the parameters of the discharge current pulse (magnitude and time of its action) used to activate the LTCHB 7 node, taking into account the data accumulated in the node Memory 5, an automatic start-up procedure unit 7 LTHB activation while reducing it below permissible BDS / set value.

The device (Fig. 1) operates as follows. In the initial state, load 6 is disconnected (TUS is off). Periodically, for example, once a day or a week, the test procedure of the LTCHB 7 node is automatically started, which is performed under the control of the MK 1 node. It is assumed that the test procedure of the LTCHB 7 includes preliminary (when the LTCHB 7 is put into operation) registration of 5 initial values in the memory its electrical parameters (EP), for example, internal resistance (BC), the formation with fixation in memory of 5 threshold / allowable / operating values of EP LTHB 7, for example, setting this as the allowable value of the BC LTHB 7 is so significant a temperature that exceeds the aircraft LTKhB 7, measured at the beginning of its operation by no more than 1.5 ... 2 times, or setting the permissible value of the aircraft LTKhB 7 to a value at which the maximum current consumed by load 6 is provided using LTKhB 7. load 6 is understood as a technical device / system that operates autonomously with power supply from LTCHB 7. During the periodic tests of LTCHB 7, performed at the stage of its operation, 5 measured (obtained during the test Bani LTHB 7) values of 7. The resulting EPO LTHB / accumulated in the data memory 5 are processed MC 1 and the degree of degradation of 7 VC LTHB defined level of performance. In this case, a comparison is made of the current values of the EP LTCHB 7 with the threshold / allowable values of these EPs. If the LTCHB 7 EPs correspond to the permissible values, then the LTCHB 7 activation procedure does not start (it is considered that LTCHB 7 is operational) and the corresponding message is displayed on indicator 2. If at the LTCHB 7 testing stage it is established that the LTCHB 8 EPs are outside the permissible values, the LTCHB 7 activation (depassivation) procedure is started automatically, which is performed under the control of the MK 1 unit. At the same time, the RC 3 node is used to generate a discharge current pulse with parameters (current value and time of its action), provided by the manufacturer of LCHB 7, with simultaneous monitoring of the voltage on the elements of LCHB 7 using the BKPB node 4. After completion of the activation procedure, the indicator L is displayed on indicator 2 HB 7 corresponding loss of its efficiency or operability. For example, when using a two-color LED as the indicator node 2, its luminescence is set to green, as a sign of operable LTCHB 7, otherwise - the glow of the indicator 2 is set to red (LTCHB 7 is discharged).

This TP partially eliminates the disadvantages of the previous TP. This is achieved due to the fact that this technical solution provides for periodic testing of EP LHB 7 and comparing the data obtained with the maximum allowable. In cases where the current value of EP LTHB 7 is beyond the permissible / operating values, the activation procedure of LTHB 7 is automatically launched, which ensures the maintenance of a high level of its operability.

This technical solution has disadvantages similar to the previous TP.

According to the authors, an effective solution to the problem associated with improving the reliability of operation and battery life of portable technical devices (PTU) can be obtained by compensating for the effect of passivation of the output voltage of a lithium-thionyl chloride battery (LTCH) on the overall level of operability of the power supply system of a vocational school using LHB as the main source of power, through the use of the power of an alternative source of electricity (AIE).

According to this idea, a technical solution can be created with the signs and properties, thanks to which the output voltage of the LCCB is monitored and, in cases of its decrease below the permissible value, uninterrupted disconnection of the LCCB from the load is carried out with the simultaneous connection of the first AIE (PAE) to it, which replaces "LTHB, while it is being de-encapsulated. That is, in cases where the passivation of LTHB has reached a critical level and does not provide the required power to the load, an automatic uninterrupted connection to the PAE load instead of LTHB is carried out. At this stage, the identification of the critical level of passivation of the battery voltage is realized (KN PNB), when the further use of the LTHB leads to the failure of the TUS / PTU power supply system (this state of the LTHB is unacceptable and the battery needs emergency activation / depassivation). It is assumed that the use of PAEI can completely compensate for the effect of passivation of the output voltage of the LTBB on the performance of the TUS / PTU (load), since it can provide the necessary level of power (voltage and current) to the load (TUS / PTU). Further, the LTBB disconnected from the load with a critical level of passivation is subjected to a depassivation procedure, which can be carried out using the second AIE (VAE) connected to it. Since the state of the KN PNB is caused by the formation of such an IPHL in the LCPB that has a resistance R _un significantly higher than the internal resistance of the battery r _ba (R _un >> r _baht ), the total power of the LTB and VAE connected to the LTB can be used to destroy the IPC. It is assumed that the use of the power of VAEI can ensure the destruction of IPHL and activate LFCB with a lower consumption of its energy resource, compared with its consumption in the prototype device. The gain in saving the energy consumption of LTHB for its activation when using VAE as an additional current source (DIT) can be illustrated by the following calculations. So, from [L10, L11] it is known that LTCB activation is expressed in the destruction of IPHL (hereinafter - the insulating film, IP). The energy Wa spent on this procedure can be represented by the following expression:

where - P _a is the power consumed by the IP in the process of its destruction, T _a is the activation time of the LCPB, U _un is the voltage to the IP of LCPB, I _a is the activation current of LCPB.

When the LTCHB and the additional current source (DIT) are connected in series with the output voltage, respectively, U _baht and U _add , it can be assumed that the voltage U _sum will be applied to the IP resistance (R _un ) approximately equal to the sum of the voltages of the two current sources (LTHB and DIT ):

The presence of approximate equality in expression (2) is due to the presence of an insignificant voltage drop at the internal resistances of LTHB (excluding IPCL) and DIT, which can be neglected due to the fact that r _add <r _baht << R _un .

For clarity of the result obtained, let us assume that the voltage values of LTB and DIT are equal (U _baht = U _add ), then the activation voltage U _a applied to the IP will be equal to:

The energy W _{a of} two current sources consumed for LHB activation, taking into account the accepted assumptions, will be equal to:

where: W _baht - energy costs of LHB for its activation, W _dit - energy costs of LHB for activation of LHB,

Since the value of W _a according to expression (1) is directly proportional to the value of U _un , the use of DIT allows you to redistribute the energy costs W _a between LTCB and DIT in proportion to the ratio of the values of their output voltages. For example, under condition (3), the value of U _un doubles, which allows the value of W _a , which is necessary for the destruction of IP and sufficient to activate LTBB, to be halved. In this case, the value of W _baht is halved. This means that the energy consumption of LTCHB when it is activated using a DIT having an output voltage equal to the output voltage of LTCHB can be halved. In general, when using a DIT, which causes an increase in U _{ip by} N times relative to U _baht , the level of consumption of W _baht can also be reduced by N times relative to the energy costs spent by LTCB for its activation without connecting DIT.

As a result of the implementation of the proposed idea, a significant increase in the reliability of the TUS / PTU operation can be achieved, since the effect of the passivation effect of the output voltage of the lithium-thionyl chloride battery on the power supply system is eliminated and the level of energy costs for its activation / depassivation is reduced. That is, the use of PAEI power, which is uninterruptedly connected to the load (TUS / PTU) in cases of decreasing LTCHB operability below the permissible level, allows ensuring the maintenance of the TUS / PTU power supply system and the normal functioning of the load (TUS / PTU) regardless of URB. In addition, the implementation of LHCB activation using the power of VAE allows saving the LHCB energy resource (used for its activation), which helps to increase the reliability of autonomous operation of TUS / PTU for a longer time.

According to the authors, the proposed idea can be implemented as a device to compensate for the effect of passivation of the output voltage of a lithium thionyl chloride battery using products such as small-sized atomic batteries (MAB) [L18-L20] and supercapacitors [L14-L17] as alternative sources of electricity which provides obtaining the power necessary both for power supply of the load (PAE implementation) and for activation of LTBB (VAE implementation). Products of the MAB type are compact, durable, highly energy-intensive isotopes and lack of need for maintenance. In terms of mass and volume energy intensity, the decay of isotopes used in the MAB is second only to fission of uranium / plutonium nuclei and surpasses chemical sources of energy (batteries, fuel cells, etc.) by tens and hundreds of thousands of times. Products such as supercapacitors / ionistors are also distinguished by their miniature size, speed of charge, almost unlimited number of charge and discharge cycles, support for large discharge currents and performance over a wide temperature range (-50 ° C ... + 50 ° C).

The purpose of the utility model is to expand the functionality of the known device associated with reducing the energy costs of a lithium thionyl chloride battery for its de-passivation.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that in the known device, consisting of a microcontroller (MK), an indicator, a discharge circuit (RC), a battery parameter control unit (BKPB), a memory and a lithium thionyl chloride battery (LTCH), which its second and third the ports are connected, respectively, with the first port of the RC and with the first port of the BKPB, which is connected by the second port to the third port of the MK, which is connected, respectively, with the first, second and fourth ports to the indicator input, with the second port of the RC and with the memory port, and made with possible the ability to control the electrical parameters of the LCCB, for example, its internal resistance, and register them in the memory, determine the level of operability of the LCCB (URB) by the degree of degradation of its electrical parameters by processing the data stored in the memory node, and display the URB using an indicator, programming pulse parameters discharge current (the magnitude and time of its action) used to activate the LHB, taking into account the data stored in the memory, the first switch (PC) and the second switch (VK ), the first electric energy storage device (PNEE), an alternative source of electric energy (AEEE) and the second electric energy storage device (VNEE), which are connected with their first and second ports, respectively, to the second AIEE port and the second VK port, which is its third and first ports is connected, respectively, with the third port of the RC and the sixth port of MK, which is connected to the second port of the PC by the fifth port, which is connected, with its first, third and fourth ports, respectively, to the load, to the first port of LTHB and to the first port P EE, which is connected by the second port to the first AIEE port, while the PNEE and VNEE nodes are made in the form of, respectively, the first supercapacitor battery (PBSK) and the second supercapacitor battery (VBSK), the AIEE node is made in the form of a small atomic battery (MAB), except In addition, the microcontroller operates according to a program that provides the ability to monitor the voltage at the output of the LTB and when it drops below the permissible value, automatically uninterrupted switching of the power supply from the LTB to PBSK and start the asset procedure LHCB using the VBSK energy resource, controlling the LHCB activation modes by normalizing the value of the power consumed for its depassivation, monitoring the LHCB working level, for example, by the value of its output voltage, and when the controlled electrical parameters are reached to acceptable values corresponding to the working state of the LHCB, uninterrupted switching the power supply of the load from PBSK to LTHB and starting the procedure for the accumulation of electric energy in PBSK and VBSK using en rgoresursa MAB.

The functional diagram of a device for compensating the effect of passivation of the output voltage of a lithium thionyl chloride battery (hereinafter referred to as the device) is shown in FIG. 2. The device (figure 2) consists of an indicator (Indus) 1, a microcontroller (MK) 2, a memory 3, a first switch (PC) 5, a battery parameter control unit (BKPB) 6, a lithium thionyl chloride battery (LTCH) 7, a discharge circuit (RC) 8, a second switch (VK) 9, a first supercapacitor bank (PBSK) 10, a small atomic battery (MAB) 11, and a second supercapacitor bank (VBSK) 12, which is connected, respectively, with the first and second ports to the second port MAB 11 and with the second port VK 9, which is connected with its first and third ports, respectively, with a pole the second port MK 2 and with the third port of the RC 8, which is connected with its second and first ports, respectively, to the second port of the MK and with the second port LTKHB 7, which is connected with its first and third ports, respectively, to the third port of PC 5 and the first port БКПБ 6, which is connected by the second port to the third port of MK 2, which is connected, with its first, fourth and fifth ports, respectively, with indicator 1, with memory 3 and with the second PC port, which is connected, respectively, with its first and fourth ports load 4 and with the first port PBSK 10, to the second port is connected to the first port of MAB 11, while the microcontroller assembly 2 operates according to a program that provides the ability to monitor the voltage at the output of the LTB 7 and when it drops below the permissible value, automatically uninterrupted switching of the power supply of load 4 from the LTB 7 to PBSK 10 and starting the activation procedure of LTHB 7 using the energy resource of VBSK 12, controlling the activation modes of LTHB 7 by normalizing the value of the power spent on its depassivation, monitoring the level of operability of LTHB 7, n an example, according to the value of its output voltage, and when the controlled electrical parameters are reached, the acceptable values corresponding to the operational state of the LTCHB 7, the uninterrupted switching of the power supply of load 4 from PBSK 10 to LTCHB 7 and the start of the process of accumulating electric energy in PBSK 10 and VBSK 12 using the energy resource MAB 11.

The device (Fig. 2) operates as follows. The operation of this device is partially similar to the operation of the prototype device. So, the state (performance) LTHB 7 is displayed using indicator 1, similarly as in the prototype. With the help of BKPB 6, the performance of the LTHB 7 is monitored by monitoring its electrical parameters, for example, output voltage and / or internal resistance. The control data is stored in memory 3. The electric energy generated by MAB 11 is stored in PBSK 10 and VBSK 12. MK 2, by means of BKPB 6, continuously monitors the electrical parameters of LTCH 7, including the voltage level at the output of LTCH 7 and, when lowering it below the permissible value, through PC 5 it automatically uninterruptedly switches the power supply of load 4 from LTCHB 7 to PBSK 10 with a simultaneous start of the activation process of LTCHB 7 using the energy storage device stored in VBSK 12. That is, disconnected from the load and 4 LTCHB 7 is connected to VBSK 12 through VK 9. At the same time, the activation current of LTCHB 7 and the time of its operation (normalization of the power consumed for depassivation of LTCHB 7) is carried out through the RC 8 node using data on the electrical parameters of LTCHB 7 accumulated in memory 3. In the process of depassivation of the LTCHB 7, the level of its operability is monitored, for example, by the value of the internal resistance and / or output voltage of the LTCHB 7. Upon reaching the electrical parameters of the LTCHB 7 permissible (working) values, respectively the current operational state of LTBF 7, the process of its activation is terminated. By means of VK 9, LTKHB 7 is disconnected from VBSK 12. By means of PC 5, the power supply of load 4 is switched without interruption from PBSK 10 to LTKhB 7. After that, PBSK 10 and VBSK 12 are connected to MAB 11 to accumulate electric energy. Indication of the level of battery performance (URB) LTHB 7 is displayed on indicator 1.

By controlling the electrical parameters of LTCHB 7, including monitoring its output voltage, and using PBSK 10, which is connected in an uninterrupted way to load 4 instead of LTCHB 7 in cases when its URB decreases below the permissible value, the effect of passivation of the output voltage of LTCHB 7 is compensated and the occurrence of failures in the power supply system TUS / PTU (in load 4). When using a device with such a power supply system of load 4, a significant reduction in the energy consumption of LTCHB 7 for its activation / depassivation is achieved, since the restoration of operability of the LTCHB 7 and the activation of the LTCHB 7 activation process is carried out as necessary, that is, upon detection of a decrease in URB LTCHB 7 below allowable value. This removes the a priori uncertainty about the current / required URB LTCHB 7 and the need to perform frequent activation procedures for the LTBK 7 aimed at maintaining the highest URB LTCHB 7. Also, this device provides an automatic start of the depassivation procedure of LTCHB 7, which is performed in a mode with minimizing costs energy resource LTHB 7, which is achieved through the use of power VBSK 12 connected to LTHB 7. When using two power sources used to destroy IPHL / IP, which occurred on the anode LTHB 7 and caused her passivation, energy consumption LTHB 7 - decreases. The energy saving of LTHB 7 used to activate it using the VBSK 12 EE also helps to increase the reliability level of autonomous functioning of TUS / PTU (load 4), from the point of view of ensuring failure-free and long-term operation of their power supply system, the main source of current in which is LTHB 7 At the same time, the use of AIEE type MAB 11, capable of generating the EE necessary for the operation of PBSK 10 and VBSK 12 nodes, for an almost unlimited time, provides a high level of reliable function of the proposed device over a long period of its operation.

The proposed device provides the following combination of distinctive features and properties.

The device has additionally introduced a first switch (PC), a second switch (VK), a first electric energy storage device (PNEE), an alternative electric energy source (AIEE) and a second electric energy storage device (VNEE), which are connected with their first and second ports, respectively , with the second AEEE port and the second VK port, which is connected with its third and first ports, respectively, to the third RC port and the sixth MK port, which is connected to the second PC port by the fifth port, which is its first, third and fourth the ports are connected, respectively, with the load, with the first LTHB port and with the first PNEE port, which is connected to the first AEEE port by the second port.

The nodes PNEE and VNEE made in the form, respectively, of the first battery of supercapacitors (PBSK) and the second battery of supercapacitors (VBSK).

The AIEE unit is made in the form of a small-sized atomic battery (MAB).

The microcontroller unit operates according to a program that provides the ability to monitor the voltage at the output of the LTB and when it drops below the permissible value, automatically uninterrupted switching of the power supply of the load from the LTB to PBSK and start the activation process of the LTB using the power of the VBSC, controlling the activation modes of the LTB by normalizing the power consumption on its depassivation, monitoring the performance level of LTHB, for example, by the value of its internal resistance and / or output voltage Nia, and when the monitored electrical parameters permissible values corresponding LTHB good state, the switching of the uninterruptible power supply to the load from PBSK LTHB and run electric power storage procedure and PBSK VBSK using MAB energy source.

The introduction of additional features and the use of new properties allows the proposed technical solution to achieve a significant reduction in the energy cost of a lithium thionyl chloride battery (LTCB) spent on its de-passivation, as well as to neutralize the effect of passivation of the output voltage of the LTCB on the operability of the power supply system of a portable technical device (PTU) and , thereby increasing the reliability of its battery life for a longer time.

The technical result (TP) achieved in the proposed technical solution is to increase the reliability of the load power system (TUS / PTU), from the point of view of ensuring its long-term and trouble-free operation in the mode of autonomous operation using LTHB. Obtaining this TP is achieved by, firstly, identifying the facts of decrease in the LBEC of LHB below the permissible value, followed by the automatic start of the procedure for its depassivation, which reduces the number of LHB activation procedures, since they can be carried out only when necessary, which reduces energy consumption LHB spent on its activation, and secondly, the destruction of the insulating film that occurred on the anode of LHB and caused its passivation, using the power of an additional source of EE (WB K 12), which provides an additional reduction in the cost of the LHB energy used to activate it, and thirdly, the automatic uninterrupted connection to the load (TUS / PTU) of the backup current source (PBSK 10) to maintain it in working condition for a while the process of LHB activation, as well as automatic uninterrupted connection to the load (TUS / PTU) of LHB is being carried out, the operability of which has been restored by the procedure of its passivation, which provides compensation for the effect of passivation effect L on the load TCB.

The combination of distinctive features and properties of the proposed device to compensate for the effect of passivation of the output voltage of a lithium thionyl chloride battery is not known from the technology, therefore, it meets the criterion of novelty. In this case, to achieve the maximum effect on expanding the functionality of the known device associated with lowering the energy costs of a lithium thionyl chloride battery spent on its de-passivation, it is necessary to use the whole set of distinguishing features and properties mentioned above. The reduction of the energy consumption of the lithium-thionyl chloride battery consumed for its activation is achieved due to the fact that the activation of the LTCB activation procedure is carried out as necessary, when it is detected that the output voltage of the LTCB is lower than the allowable value and is used to destroy the insulating film arising on the LTCB anode and causing its passivation, the power of an additional current source (VBSK 12).

A generalized algorithm for the functioning of the proposed device can be presented in the following form.

- Start;

- Step 1. Initialization of the power supply system: cleaning memory 3, activating / testing the electrical parameters of the LTCHB 7, recording the results of testing the LTCHB 7 in memory 3 and displaying its URB on indicator 1, setting the PBSK 10 and VBSK 12 nodes to the energy storage mode using the MAB 11 energy resource;

- Step 2. Check - 1: Does the voltage of the LTHB 7 correspond to the norm? - If - no, then go to step 3, if - yes, then display on the indicator 1 a signal indicating the normal URB LTHB 7, return to step 2.

- Step 3. Uninterrupted connection to load 4 of PBSK 10, disconnection of LTKhB 7 from load 4, switching on of VK 9, connection to LTKhB 7 of VBSK 12, start of the depassivation procedure of LTKhB 7, go to step 4.

- Step 4. Check - 2: URB LTHB 7 - is it normal? - If - no, then go to step 5, if - yes, then go to step 6.

- Step 5. Check - 3: Is the voltage at the output of PBSK 10 normal? - If yes, then go to step 4, if not, then output to the indicator a signal about the loss of operability of LTHB 7 and go to step 7.

- Step 6. Uninterrupted connection to load 4 of LTHB 7, disconnection of PBSK 10 from load 4, shutdown of VK 9, connection of PBSK 10 and VBSK 12 to MAB 11 for energy efficiency accumulation, go to step 2.

- Step 7. Shutdown.

- The end.

The nodes of the indicator 1, MK 2, memory 3, BKPB 6, LTHB 7 and RC 8 can be similar to the corresponding features of the prototype and do not require significant refinement when implementing the proposed technical solution. Node MK 2 can be implemented based on PIC-controllers, known from [L12]. Nodes PC 5 and VK 9 can be implemented on the basis of using products such as drivers for power MOSFET upper / lower arms, for example, the International Rectifier model AUIR3200S equipped with an overcurrent protection system and voltage, as well as a diagnostic function that allows you to determine the presence of a short circuit in the load. The solution based on the AUIR3200S driver and the high-performance MOSFET power transistor is ideal for replacing mechanical relays and for use in battery switching systems. Based on the use of AUIR3200S type microchips in combination with several IRLS3034 / 7PPBF type transistors, it is possible to obtain a fully protected power switch with an open channel resistance of less than 1.5 / 0.75 mOhm. Nodes PBSK 10 and VBSK 12 can be implemented using supercapacitors known from [L14-L17]. The MAB 11 assembly can be implemented through the use of products such as miniature nuclear batteries, known from [L18-L20], which provide electricity generation for several decades. To implement the nodes of the proposed device with the necessary features, properties and ensure the functioning of the MK 2 unit according to the required algorithms, solutions and software procedures known from the author's computer programs [L21-L26] and author's technical solutions [L27-L35] can also be used.

Based on the data presented, it can be concluded that the proposed utility model of the compensation device for the effect of passivation of the output voltage of a lithium thionyl chloride battery, using the above distinguishing features and properties and the implementation of the achieved technical result, allows us to solve the problem associated with improving the reliability of the autonomous functioning of portable technical devices, in terms of ensuring trouble-free and long-term operation of its power supply system. The solution of this problem is achieved on the basis of a significant expansion of the functionality of the known prototype device associated with the reduction of the energy consumption of a lithium thionyl chloride battery for its de-passivation, which improves the reliability of the load power supply system (TUS / PTU), from the point of view of ensuring its long and trouble-free work in stand-alone operation using LTB. The high reliability of the TUS / PTU power supply system (load 4), ensured by using the proposed technical solution, is achieved by: a) identifying the facts of reducing the safety and security characteristics of the LCHB below the permissible value, followed by the automatic start of its activation / depassivation procedure, which reduces the number of LHB activation procedures , since they are carried out only as necessary, by which a reduction in the consumption of energy resources of the LCHB used for its activation / depassivation is achieved, b) I isolate the destruction to it of the film that has arisen on the antholithic thermoplastic anode and caused its passivation, using the power of an additional source of energy efficiency (VBSK 12), which achieves an additional reduction in the cost of the energy resource of the thermoplastic chemistries for its activation / depassivation, b) automatic uninterrupted connection to load 4 (TUS / PTU) of an additional a current source (PBSK 10) for its power supply during the time while the LTHB activation procedure is carried out, as well as the implementation of automatic uninterrupted connection to the LTHB load (TUS / PTU), the operability of which anovlena its depassivation procedure that compensates for the effect of the load passivation effect LTHB.

The above means, with which it is possible to implement a utility model, make it possible to ensure its industrial applicability.

The main nodes of the proposed utility model of the device for compensating the effect of passivation of the output voltage of a lithium thionyl chloride battery are manufactured, experimentally tested, and can be used to create serial samples. The manufactured devices can be used for servicing lithium, mainly lithium-thionyl chloride batteries, used as autonomous power supplies of TUS / PTU.

The proposed technical solution will be in demand by a wide range of users of various devices and systems that operate using autonomous current sources such as LTHB.

The use of this device allows you to maintain a high level of operability of power systems, which use the LTCH type HIT as the main current source, and ensure reliable and long-term operation of both portable household devices and special-purpose equipment operating in stand-alone mode.

USED SOURCES

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Claims (1)

A device for compensating the effect of passivation of the output voltage of a lithium thionyl chloride battery, consisting of a microcontroller (MK), an indicator, a discharge circuit (RC), a battery parameter control unit (BKPB), a memory and a lithium thionyl chloride battery (LTCH), which has its second and third ports connected, respectively, with the first port of the RC and with the first port of the BKPB, which is connected by the second port to the third port of the MK, which is connected, with its first, second and fourth ports, to the indicator input, with the second port of the RC and with the memory port and, and made with the possibility of monitoring the electrical parameters of a lithium thionyl chloride battery (EPB) and registering them in memory, determining the level of operability of a lithium thionyl chloride battery (URB) by the degree of degradation of its electrical parameters by processing data stored in the memory node, programming pulse parameters discharge current used to activate LTBH, taking into account the data stored in the memory, and display URB using an indicator, characterized in that it includes the first commutator a torus (PC), a second switch (VK), an alternative source of electric energy made in the form of a small atomic battery (MAB), a first electric energy storage device made in the form of a first supercapacitor battery (PBSK) and a second electric energy storage device made in the form of a second supercapacitor batteries (VBSK), which is connected with its first and second ports, respectively, to the second MAB port and the second VK port, which is connected with its third and first ports, respectively, to the third RC port and sixth MK port, which is connected by the fifth port to the second port of the PC, which, with its first, third and fourth ports, is connected, respectively, with load, to the first LTCHB port and to the first PBSK port, which is connected to the first MAB port by the second port, while the microcontroller operates on program, which provides the possibility of monitoring the voltage at the output U _bat LTHB and voltage reduction U _bat below the allowable value, the automatic load switching uninterruptible power supply with LTHB PBSK to start the activation process and and LCHB using VBSK energy resource, controlling LTBH activation modes by normalizing the value of the power consumed for its depassivation, controlling DRM and when the controlled electrical parameters of LHBB are reached, values corresponding to the operational state of LHBB, uninterrupted switching of the power supply from PBSK to LTHB and starting the accumulation procedure electric energy in PBSK and VBSK using the MAB energy resource.

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