RU145597U1 - DEVICE FOR MOVING UNDER SAIL ON SNOW AND ICE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for sailing on snow and ice, containing sailing weapons and a supporting hull with a length of 1000 mm to 3500 mm and a width of 100 mm to 1200 mm from the fore, middle and stern sections smoothly interconnected with runners having an upper deck and the lower sliding surface, made with a lift to the bow, each section of the bearing body is equipped with extensions of the indicated deck surface in the lateral directions - side overhangs having a bend upward in the bow section, the deck surface of the aft section is provided in the rear direction with a stern angular overhang protruding above the deck surface and absorbing the weight of the athlete when performing maneuvering, all or part of the deck surface is equipped with means to prevent slipping of the athlete's legs in the form of a friction coating, characterized in that the sliding surface is made of three longitudinal strips - the middle strip and two lateral runners, the lower surfaces of which in the longitudinal direction intersect at an estimated obtuse angle so that the longitudinal smooth intersection lines they are the geometrical point of the vertices of the obtuse intersection angles of the indicated strips, each having a second-order surface shape, for example, a truncated hyperbolic cylinder, rising to the nose so that the side strips begin to rise earlier than the middle stripe, forming in the cross section a smooth transition from an open trapezoid with a large lower base and a height of 1 mm to 250 mm to an open trapezoid with a smaller lower base, while the angle of attack of each side strip is greater than the angle of attack of the middle strip, which is long

Description

The utility model relates to the field of vehicles under sail, in particular, to devices sliding on a water, ice or snowy earth's surface under the influence of wind.

There is a device for sailing in the snow in the form of a sailing sleigh, the hull of which consists of three skis, rigidly fastened together (see the magazine "Boats and Yachts" No. 11 for 1987). At the top of it, on the “deck”, a mast and a sail with appropriate equipment are placed and the athlete who controls this device, the racer, is located. Like all sledges, it has runners, the sliding surface of which affects the running and operational qualities of the device.

The disadvantage of this known device, as well as a number of similar ones, is that when sliding it relies only on runners (other similar devices - on skates), which, when moving in the snow, cut deep into the snow crust, which causes inhibition of movement and a significant loss of speed. In addition, snow or ice can accumulate in the wide gaps between the skis and skis, which causes difficulties at high speeds and cornering. There are no structural elements for readjusting the device to movement on a different than expected surface of the earth, for example, ice instead of snow — and vice versa.

There is also known a device for winter skiing on a board in the form of a mono ski according to the patent for utility model No. 43776 of December 3, 2005. It also contains a hull, a mast and a sail. The lower - sliding - part of the body is made in the form of a mathematical surface elongated "saddle". There are two options for the execution of the hull - for movement on loose snow and on ice. In the latter case, the sliding edge of the housing or the housing is entirely made of metal.

The disadvantage of this device is that its shape has tapering edges near the sliding surface, which causes a decrease in the strength of the body, especially when moving on ice, which significantly reduces its reliability, and these sharp edges cut deep into the snow, inhibiting the movement of the entire device. In addition, the upper surface of the hull - the “deck” - is steeply convex, sloping, as it were, “hunchbacked”, which leads to instability of the athlete-rider on it, to the inconvenience of controlling the movement of the device, generally complicating maneuvering. In addition, its readjustment is significantly complicated when it becomes necessary to move on a different than previously assumed surface of the earth.

A device is also known in the form of a ski for sailing according to Utility Model Certificate No. 19474 of 05/29/2001. This device contains a narrow body consisting of a toe, middle and end sections with lateral surfaces, and a sail landing pad is located at the top of the supporting body. and accommodation of the athlete-rider. The sliding surface of the body in the middle and end sections is made in the form of a cylindrical arch or trapezoidal in the cross section of the recess.

The disadvantages of this device are that it does not have sufficient stability due to the elevation of the undercarriage above the ski surface and has a small footprint when moving, which in turn increases the braking force and reduces the speed of movement. There are no means for reconfiguring the device on the highway for movement on a changed earth's surface (ice - snow and vice versa).

The device of the winter windsurfer "North" is also known (see the magazine "Boats and Yachts" No. 129 for 1987). This windsurfer consists of a load-bearing hull in the form of a sled and sailing weapons located on its deck. Its sliding surface is made in the form of a plywood bottom with flat oak slats-runners fixed on the bottom and on the side walls. The nose of its rectangular shape is made with the rise of the keel line in the direction of travel.

The disadvantages of this known device are its low maneuverability, primarily on hard floor and on ice due to the lateral drift characteristic of such toboggan structures with a flat sliding surface, as well as low speed due to the high resistance of the sliding surface of the sled, high vibrations plywood planes, insufficient reliability of the whole plywood structure and the lack of structural means for changing the device to changing driving conditions (ice - snow and vice versa).

The closest in purpose and device adopted for the prototype is a surfboard - a board for skiing on snow and ice (“Ice and snow surf-board” grant CA 1324180 C of November 9, 1993, DE 69019083 D1 of June 8, 1995 , DE 69019083 T2 dated September 7, 1995, EP 0411093 B1 dated February 6, 1991, WO 1990009818 A1 dated September 7, 1990). This surfboard consists of a solid load-bearing hull in the form of a boat and the famous sailing weapons located on its deck. Its sliding surface is made in the form of two strips located at an angle to each other. Blades are fixed on the lateral vertical surfaces in the aft. The nose of its triangular shape is made with the rise of the keel line in the direction of travel. The aft is also made with the rise of the keel line.

The disadvantages of this known device are its low maneuverability, primarily in deep snow, characteristic of such structures, associated with a triangular shape of the sliding surface - in the form of an inverted letter “V”, low ability to “emerge” in deep snow, associated with acute - the triangular shape of the bow, buried in the snow, and, as a consequence, the low speed due to the high resistance of the medium.

The technical problem that the proposed utility model is designed to solve is the creation of a universal device for sailing, able to move on snow and ice after a simple operational changeover on the track, which has high maneuverability, ease of control, and high enough speed due to the low resistance to movement of the sliding surface, low vibrations and increased reliability.

The problem is solved as follows.

The housing of the device, consisting of series-connected fore, middle and aft sections, is made in the form of a wide continuous upper deck surface and three stripes of the lower sliding surface - the middle and two side. The latter are the lower surfaces of the figured skids of the device and are made in the form of a second-order surface. These strips have rises in the bow section.

A friction coating is made on the deck surface, which excludes the athlete’s legs slipping from it. In lateral directions, the deck surface is continued in the form of lateral overhangs above the sides. The lower surfaces of these overhangs are made sliding. On the same deck surface, as well as on the vertical side surfaces of the runners, means for changing the device for moving on various surfaces of the earth, including fasteners for blade-skates, and other structures are placed. The vertical side surfaces of the runners are also made sliding.

The middle strip of the sliding surface also has the shape of a second-order surface with a rise to the nose. Each side strip of the sliding surface intersects with the average sliding strip along the longitudinal curve of the second-order line with the rise to the nose.

The front of the nasal section in the plan has the shape of a semi-ellipse or semicircle.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where schematically in the figures shows the proposed device from various angles:

FIG. 1 is a side view of the device,

FIG. 2 is a side view of the bearing housing (in plan),

FIG. 3 is a top view of the carrier body (in plan),

FIG. 4 - view of the bearing housing from below (in plan),

FIG. 5 is a front view of the carrier body (side),

FIG. 6 is a rear view of the load-bearing housing (side),

FIG. 7 - view of the bearing housing from below (side),

FIG. 8 is a cross section of the aft of the supporting body,

FIG. 9 is a cross section of the transition of the middle part to the bow of the bearing body,

FIG. 10 is a cross section of the nose of the bearing body,

FIG. 11 is a front (side) view of the bearing body, ∠α is the angle of attack of the sliding surface of the side runners, ∠β is the angle of attack of the sliding surface of the central strip.

A device for sailing consists of a bearing hull and known sailing weapons (Fig. 1 - Fig. 7).

The bearing body is made with an upper deck surface 1 rising to the nose, provided with a continuous or partial friction coating, and a lower sliding surface consisting of a middle strip 2 and sliding surfaces of two runners 3 representing each second-order surface, for example, a truncated hyperbolic paraboloid. In the cross section, the runners 3 form a right-angled triangle, the hypotenuse of which is the generatrix line of their sliding surface, and the legs represent the upper and lateral sides of the runners, while the side side leg gradually decreases in size until it merges with the nose line (Fig. 8 - Fig. 10) .

The upper deck surface 1 is equipped with installation, fastening and readjustment tools for sailing weapons, as well as devices for fixing the athlete's legs, and has side overhangs 4, as a continuation of the deck, with its lower sliding surfaces 5.

The middle strip 2 of the sliding surface intersects the sliding surfaces of the runners 3 along longitudinal lines rising to the bow, representing the geometrical location of the points of the vertices of the obtuse intersection angles of these surfaces so that the contours of the cross sections of the hull form an isosceles open trapezoid with a large lower base in the aft and middle parts of the hull with a smooth transition into an inverted - with a large upper base - isosceles open trapezoid in the bow of the body (Fig. 8 - Fig. 10).

Moreover, in the bow, the corresponding angles of attack α _{1,2,3 ... of the} side sliding surfaces 3 are larger than the angle of attack β _{1,2,3 ... of the} middle strip 2 of the sliding surface (Fig. 11).

The outer edges of the runners 3 in the middle and rear sections of the hull are equipped with means for readjusting the device, including fasteners for removable metal blades-skates 6.

The aft end of the upper deck is equipped with a stern deck overhang 7 for the athlete's legs, having a curved upward shape.

The specified design can be made by methods:

- gluing of sheet integral or foamed plastic, wood, composite materials, metals;

- rotor molding of various types of plastic;

- stamping or casting from various types of plastic or metal;

- injection molding of various types of plastic;

- casting from polyester and epoxy resins both with and without fillers;

- by the method of milling and laser cutting in plastic, wood, composites, metal and other known materials;

- method of plasma spraying;

- by vacuum and / or thermo-vacuum molding;

- method of volumetric design using so-called 3D printers,

as well as other known methods.

Combinations of various materials are possible, in particular, a device made of artificial synthetic materials is made for better gliding and weight reduction.

By means of a well-known sailing weapon controlled by an athlete-racer located on deck 1, the bearing body of the device under the influence of wind is moved by its sliding surfaces, including the middle lane 2, the sliding surfaces of the runners 3 and side overhangs 5 on snow or ice.

Moreover, the above-mentioned shape of the sliding surface with its sharp ribs and an inclination at an obtuse angle of the lateral sliding surfaces to the middle prevents lateral drift on snow cakes of different densities. With the planned movement on ice or a dense crust, the device is readjusted, which consists in attaching the blades-skates 6 to the middle and aft sections of the hull.

Side overhangs 4 and aft overhang 7 provide maneuvering by moving the weight of the athlete who controls the movement on them.

Turns can also be carried out by sail, while deck 1, as well as side 4 and aft 7 overhangs, act as a drive to change the velocity vector.

The proposed design of the device can be used with a sail both on the plain, and in hilly and even mountainous areas, as well as when skiing from the mountains, including without a sail.

This device allows you to quickly overcome the mixed snow-ice type trails. So when driving on loose snow, the load falls on the entire sliding surface of the device 2 and 3, including the vertical side surfaces - the outer edges of the runners 3, and the lower sliding surfaces 5 of the side overhangs 4, which reduces the pressure on the snow and gives an increase in speed and maneuverability. When moving on hard ice or ice, the load falls on the lateral sliding surfaces of the runners 3, their sharp ribs and blade skates 6, which also increases speed and maneuverability.

A high bow and a wide deck do not allow the device to bury in the snow, smooth contours of the lower sliding surface reduce resistance and give a gliding effect both in rectilinear movement and during turns.

The proposed design form and the selection of appropriate materials for the manufacture of the device make it possible to reduce vibration when moving on an uneven surface.

The proposed implementation of the device for sailing allows you to solve the technical problem, namely, to create a universal device that can move on snow and ice after a simple operational readjustment on the track, with high maneuverability and ease of control, with a sufficiently high speed, low vibrations and increased reliability.

At the enterprise Baza komplektatsii LLC (TIN 6367010491, Address: 443065, Samara Region, Volzhsky District, northwest of the village of Krasny Kryazhok, adjacent to Vologodskaya and Eltonskaya St. 1a, tel. (846) 300-80 -95, fax (846) 300-82-77) were made and successfully tested prototypes of the device for sailing according to the claimed formula of the utility model, which confirmed the solution of the problem.

Claims (4)

1. A device for sailing on snow and ice, containing sailing weapons and a supporting hull with a length of 1000 mm to 3500 mm and a width of 100 mm to 1200 mm from the fore, middle and stern sections smoothly interconnected with runners having an upper deck and the lower sliding surface, made with a lift to the bow, each section of the bearing body is equipped with extensions of the indicated deck surface in the lateral directions - side overhangs having a bend upward in the bow section, the deck surface of the aft section is provided in the rear direction with a stern angular overhang protruding above the deck surface and absorbing the weight of the athlete when performing maneuvering, all or part of the deck surface is equipped with means to prevent slipping of the athlete's legs in the form of a friction coating, characterized in that the sliding surface is made of three longitudinal strips - the middle strip and two lateral runners, the lower surfaces of which in the longitudinal direction intersect at an estimated obtuse angle so that the longitudinal smooth intersection lines they are the geometrical point of the vertices of the obtuse intersection angles of the indicated strips, each having a second-order surface, for example, a truncated hyperbolic cylinder, rising to the nose so that the side strips begin to rise earlier than the middle stripe, forming in the cross section a smooth transition from an open trapezoid with a large lower base and a height of 1 mm to 250 mm to an open trapezoid with a smaller lower base, while the angle of attack of each side strip is greater than the angle of attack of the middle strip, which is long superior to the lateral stripes, which are the lower surfaces of the runners, the cross sections of which are in the shape of a right triangle, the hypotenuse of which is the generatrix of these sliding surfaces, the legs represent the upper and lateral sides of the runners, the leg side is gradually reduced in size to merge with the nose line, while the lower the surface of the side overhangs are made sliding. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the middle section is equipped with blades-skates, the outer edges of the side runners are equipped with means for readjusting the device, including fasteners of metal blades - skates attached to the sides of the middle and aft sections. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the outer edges of the side runners are made sliding. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front of the nasal section in plan has the shape of a semi-ellipse or a semicircle.