RU145345U1 - MICRO TEST FOR BLOOD COLLECTION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A microtube for blood sampling, including a plastic cylindrical body with a rounded bottom, a top cover with an opening for fixing the capillary tube, a bottom cover for locking the microtube after taking a liquid sample, the lower part of the microtube body has a narrowing, characterized in that for taking capillary blood by gravity a blade is made at the open end end of the microtube body, and the radius of curvature of the bottom of the microtube is at least 2.9 mm, the inner surface of the wall of the bottom cover for locking Ia microtubes equipped with ribs for air suction when removing the cover, and the external relief of the top and bottom cover is designed as a stepped projections rectangular profile, wherein the top cover is provided with a square hole elongated faskoy.2. The microtube according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the edge of the scapula for taking capillary blood by gravity is 0.3 mm. The microtowing according to claim 1, characterized in that the guiding prisms of the upper and lower covers have the shape of an acute-angled chamfer.

Description

The patented utility model relates to devices for blood sampling, in particular, to microtubes for collecting, analyzing and storing blood of various volumes, with finely dispersed spraying of an anticoagulant for biochemical, immunological and serological tests.

From the prior art of such devices, a microtube for centrifugation is known, made in the form of a capillary transparent tube with a plug (copyright certificate SU No. 1250320, B01L 3/14).

Significant disadvantages of the microtube according to copyright certificate No. 1250320 are the increased design complexity due to the large number of constituent elements, as well as the absence of a reliable closure cap at the open end of the microtube and the presence of an elastic element in the bottom of the microtube as a closure cap, which makes it possible to leak part of the blood sample and thereby, the extremely low operational safety of a similar design for medical personnel.

A known microtube for the placement of fluid samples (international application WO 2007/015160, B01L 3/14), comprising a housing having a wall forming a vessel, and a mounting rim made at least on part of the upper edge of the wall and having a contact surface, a cover, from one surface of which passes the mounting hook, and a loop connecting the cover to the body.

The fixing hook is adapted to interact with the contact surface of the fixing rim, and the wall of the housing is made of material that can be deformed by the pressure exerted by the user, thereby making it possible for the fixing hook to come out of interaction with the fixing rim when the lid is in the closed position, closing the vessel, and then ensuring that the lid is opened by means of a hinge. The microtube further comprises a sealing skirt attached to the inside of the cap.

The disadvantage of this microtube is the operational inconvenience of sampling, for example, capillary blood, since there is no capillary in the design of the microtube, and a profiled blade for gravity collection is not provided at the open end of the microtube body.

Among the disadvantages of the known microtube should also include an unreliable sealing mechanism of the sample in the microtube body, implemented in the form of a fixing hook, which interacts with the fixing rim when the lid is in the closed position, closing the vessel, and then ensuring that the lid is opened by means of a loop. This makes it possible to leak part of the sample taken, for example, capillary blood, i.e. The design of this microtube has low operational safety for medical personnel.

A known tube for collecting and storing a sample having a cylindrical body and a lid pivotally connected to the body by means of a jumper representing a single structure made of thin-walled transparent polymer material (RF patent No. 101381 for utility model, B01L 3/14). The tube body on the open side is made with a shoulder for fixing the lid in the closed position, and on the other hand, is stepped, forming a step of a smaller diameter with respect to the cylindrical part of the body, visually separating the boundary of the required volume sufficient to accommodate the minimum amount of substance required for samples.

The cap of the tube is made with a locking tab for interaction with the bead of the housing and fixing the cap.

The disadvantages of the test tubes according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 101381 for a utility model are:

- large overall dimensions of the case;

- operational inconvenience of sampling, for example, capillary blood, since the design of the tube does not provide a capillary or a spatula for taking blood by gravity.

It should also be noted the lack of reliability of the mechanism for fixing the cap of the tube body in the closed position, which is implemented as a single collar, which makes it possible to leak part of the sample, for example, capillary blood. This allows us to state the low operational safety of such a test tube for medical personnel.

Known microtube for taking capillary blood Microvette 200 (http: /improvacuter.narod.ru/ars-microvet-impromini-09_2012.pdf, published September 20, 2012), the closest in technical essence to the patented device and selected as a prototype .

The Microvette 200 micro-capillary blood collection tube contains a cylindrical body made in the form of two coaxially located structural elements: a cylinder with open ends and a conical sleeve with an anticoagulant applied to the walls.

The microtube body is made with a rounded cylindrical bottom. The microtube contains an upper cap for fixing the capillary tube, a lower cap for locking the microtube after taking a liquid sample. The bottom of the microtube body has a narrowing.

To fix the locking caps at the open end of the casing, an annular supporting flange is made on its outer surface, and a reciprocal annular groove is made in the upper closed end part of the locking covers, interacting when fixing the locking covers with the walls of the open end part of the microtube body. To unlock and remove the locking caps on the outer surface of the upper open part of the conical sleeve of the housing and on the inner surface of the locking caps are made convex teeth located around the circumference.

The disadvantages of the design of the microtube for taking capillary blood Microvette 200, selected as a prototype, are:

- the structural complexity of the housing of the microtube, made in the form of two coaxially located parts-cylinder and sealed at the bottom of the conical sleeve. This leads to the need to prepare 2 expensive molds for casting the parts of the microtube body, and also complicates the operation of assembling the body in the production process, which ultimately leads to an increase in the cost of microtube production;

- the execution of the microtube body in the form of two coaxially arranged cylinder parts and a cone-shaped sleeve sealed at the bottom causes an increased consumption of polymer material, which leads to an increase in the cost of the microtube, and given the large volumes of microtube production, it causes large financial and economic losses for the manufacturer;

- insufficient visibility of the level of capillary blood in the microtube due to the presence of two additional interfaces for the optical beam between two coaxially located parts of the microtube body leads to errors in determining the volume of capillary blood in the cavity of the body and to errors in the analysis of the taken blood;

- operational inconvenience of taking capillary blood by gravity. Any part of the open end end of the tube body (cone-shaped sleeve of the case) is used for gravity collection of blood, which does not have a profiled section in the form of a scapula that is convenient for taking capillary blood, which allows for quick and convenient for medical personnel directed flow of capillary blood into the cavity of the microtube body. In addition, the absence of a profiled section in the form of a scapula leads to the loss of versatility of a microtube, since it becomes impossible to use it without a capillary.

The disadvantages of the known microtubes include the implementation of the mechanism for unlocking and removing the locking caps in the form of triangular teeth. With this design, the unlocking and removal of the locking caps are carried out by moving one of the teeth (for example, the teeth of the locking cap) on the inclined surface of the opposed teeth of the conical sleeve of the microtube body. Thus, the contact friction of the teeth occurs along the entire inclined surface of the teeth, which requires significant effort to remove the locking cover, i.e. the operation of removing the locking cap is not always convenient and comfortable for medical personnel.

The technical task of the patented utility model is to simplify the design and expand the operational capabilities, safety and convenience of using a microtube for blood sampling.

The technical task is carried out as follows.

A micro-sampler for blood sampling, similar to the Microvette 200 microtube (http://improvacuter.narod.ru/ars-microvet-impromini-09_2012.pdf,), including a plastic cylindrical body with a rounded bottom, a top cover with an opening for fixing the capillary tube, a lower cover for locking the tube after taking the liquid sample, the lower part of the microtube body has a narrowing, according to the patented utility model, provides:

- for taking capillary blood by gravity, performing on the open end end of the casing of the microtube of the scapula;

- the radius of curvature of the bottom of the microtube is not less than 2.9 mm;

- equipping the inner surface of the wall of the bottom cover for locking the microtube with ribs to suck in air when removing the cover;

- the implementation of the external relief of the upper and lower covers in the form of stepped protrusions of a rectangular profile;

- supplying the top cover with a square hole, elongated bevel and increased length of the input channel of the capillary tube.

The patented utility model provides that the thickness of the edge of the scapula for taking capillary blood by gravity is 0.3 mm, and the guiding prisms of the upper and lower covers have the shape of an acute-angled chamfer.

The combination of new design solutions implemented in a patented microtube, allows to obtain the following technical result:

- significantly simplify the design of the microtube by making the casing in the form of one mono-structural element, thereby significantly simplifying the technology and reduce the complexity of manufacturing the patented microtube;

- significantly expand the functionality of the patented design by providing the ability to take blood samples by gravity using a spatula on the open end of the body.

It should be noted that the patented design can significantly improve the safety and usability of the micro-tube.

Thus, a constructive combination of narrowing the lower part of the body and the execution of the bottom part of the body of a microtube with a radius of at least 2.9 mm provides an increase in the height of the column of liquid sample, which improves the accuracy of analysis, and the optimal ratio of the diameter of the body to the height of the column of liquid sample allows for better mixing of liquid samples and coagulant and subsequent removal of the taken sample from the microtube.

Equipping the inner surface of the wall of the bottom cover of the microtube with ribs for sucking in air provides a smooth removal of the bottom (shutoff) cover, which increases the safety of the analysis.

The implementation of the external relief of the upper and lower covers in the form of stepped protrusions of a rectangular profile reduces the possibility of slipping fingers when working with gloves and increases the safety of work during analysis.

The execution of a square hole in the top cover with an elongated chamfer and an increased length of the capillary input channel to facilitate the entry of the capillary through the cap and increase the reliability of its axial fixation improves the quality of analysis and the safety of work.

The implementation of the guide prisms of the lid in the form of an acute-angled bevel with a chamfer to prevent improper fixation of the lid on the microtube facilitates the removal of the cap, while increasing the reliability of automatic assembly of the microtube.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the description of a patented microtube and graphic materials on which:

Figure 1 - Micro-tube assembly with two caps and a capillary;

Figure 2 - Microtube with a lower (locking) cap;

Figure 3 - Microtube without caps;

Figure 4 - Top cover with a hole for a capillary;

Figure 5 - Lower (locking) cover.

Patented microtube for blood sampling, includes a plastic cylindrical body 4 (figure 1) with a rounded bottom 10 (figure 3) located above the level of the lower edge of the body 4, the lower (locking) cover 6 for fixing on the lower end of the microtube after taking a blood sample , the upper cover 2 for fixing on the upper end of the microtube, equipped with a hole 12 (figure 4) for the introduction (installation) of the capillary 1.

To take capillary blood by gravity at the open end end of the housing 4 of the microtube, a blade 7 is made (Fig. 3), the edge thickness of which is 0.3 mm.

To increase the height of the blood column 5 (figure 2), the lower part of the body of the microtube has a narrowing 3.

In order to improve the blood miscibility with the anticoagulant and to improve the removal of blood from the microtube, the radius of curvature of the bottom part 9 (Fig. 3) of the body is at least 2.9 mm.

To prevent the suction of the lower locking cover 6 to the microtube, the inner surface of the wall of the lower locking cover 6 is equipped with ribs 14 (Fig. 5), which provide air intake when the cover is removed.

At the open end end of the casing 4 of the microtube, guide prisms 8 are made (Fig. 3), which interact with the guide prisms of the top cover 2. To facilitate removal of the top cover 2, the guide prisms of the cover 2 are in the form of an acute-angled lobe with a bevel 13 (Figs. 4, 5) , which increases ease of use and prevents improper fixation of the cover 2 on the housing 4 of the microtube.

To facilitate the removal of the top cover 2 from the microtube manually, the external relief of the cover 2 is made in the form of stepped protrusions of a rectangular profile 11 (Figs. 4, 5), which reduce the possibility of slipping of fingers when working with gloves.

To facilitate the entry of the capillary tube 1 into the microtube through the upper cap 2 and to increase the reliability of its axial fixation, the upper cap 2 is provided with a square hole 12 (Fig. 4), an elongated bevel and an increased length of the input channel of the capillary tube 1.

A patented utility microtube model provides for sampling a liquid sample using a capillary or by gravity.

A liquid sample is taken using capillary 1 as follows.

Using a scarifier, a puncture is made on the fingertip (or in another place provided for blood sampling), the released blood is drawn into a tubular capillary 1 inserted into the hole 12 of the upper cap 2 of the tube. At the same time, the patient’s finger is held upright, and capillary 1 is placed under the dripping drop of blood. When a capillary blood sample is taken, the best result is achieved with a horizontal or slightly inclined position of the microtube body 4.

The process of taking a liquid sample is considered complete when capillary 1 is completely filled with capillary blood. To achieve an accurate dosage, air bubbles should be prevented from entering the capillary 1. By moving the microtube to a vertical position, blood will flow from capillary 1 to the inside of the microtube body 4.

After filling the microtube with the required volume of capillary blood, the top cover 2 of the microtube with the used capillary 1 is slightly rotated, removed from the tube and discarded.

Then remove the removable lower (locking) cap 6 from the lower end of the microtube body 4 and, without scrolling it, tightly close the tube (until the corresponding click appears).

By carefully shaking the microtube, without shaking, thoroughly mix the obtained liquid sample with an anticoagulant.

Blood collection by gravity using the scapula 7.

To take capillary blood by gravity use a scapula 7, which is made on the open end end of the housing 4 of the microtube.

With a scarifier, a puncture is applied to the fingertip (or in another place provided for blood sampling) and blood is drawn into the cavity of the housing 4 of the microtube using the scapula 7. At the same time, the patient’s finger is held upright and a scapula is placed under the dropping blood drop. When taking a capillary sample blood the best result is achieved with a horizontal or slightly inclined position of the housing 4 of the microtube.

After filling the inner cavity of the casing 4 of the microtube with the required volume of capillary blood, remove the lower (locking) cap 6 from the lower end of the casing 4 and tightly close the microtube (until a click is heard) without scrolling the lower (locking) cap 6.

Studies conducted by the applicant suggest that the patented microtube provides the procedure for taking a liquid sample from a patient and storing it without changing the parameters of the cellular composition of the blood during the time until the analysis. At the same time, the design of the microtube ensures maximum safety for both the patient and the medical staff from being infected with dangerous viral infectious diseases such as hepatitis, AIDS, etc. In this case, the remains of blood remain on the inner surface of the lid and do not come into contact with the fingers of the operator. The design features of the microtube provide the speed and ease of taking a liquid sample from the patient. The control of the volume of the liquid sample is ensured by the presence of graduation.

Claims (3)

1. A microtube for blood sampling, including a plastic cylindrical body with a rounded bottom, a top cover with an opening for fixing the capillary tube, a bottom cover for locking the microtube after taking a liquid sample, the lower part of the microtube body has a narrowing, characterized in that for taking capillary blood by gravity a blade is made at the open end end of the microtube body, and the radius of curvature of the bottom of the microtube is at least 2.9 mm, the inner surface of the wall of the bottom cover for locking Ia microtubes equipped with ribs for air suction when removing the cover, and the external relief of the top and bottom cover is designed as a stepped rectangular profile projections with the upper cover provided with a square hole with the elongated chamfer. 2. The microtube according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the edge of the scapula for taking capillary blood by gravity is 0.3 mm 3. The microtowing according to claim 1, characterized in that the guiding prisms of the upper and lower covers have the shape of an acute-angled chamfer.