RU143216U1 - SYSTEM OF POWER SUPPLY OF FLOATING MEANS OF NAVIGATION SUPPORT OF SHIPPING - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The power supply system of floating navigation aid for navigation, consisting of a generator based on a renewable source of electricity - solar panels, energy storage devices and a control device, the input of which is connected to an electricity source, and the outputs are connected to drives and energy-consuming equipment of floating navigation support equipment, characterized in that the system further comprises a second generator based on a renewable source of electricity - vertical a flax-axis wind generator and a third generator based on a non-renewable energy source - a fuel cell connected to the inputs of the control device. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device is equipped with a power distributor between the drives and the power-consuming equipment of the floating navigation aid. 3. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that methanol or ethanol, or hydrogen, or methane is used as fuel for the fuel cell.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to the field of energy and energy saving - generation and storage of electricity necessary for the operation of various electronic and light-optical equipment of marine and river floating navigation aids in the form of floating beacons and luminous buoys, mounted at anchors in certain areas of the waters with known coordinates for fencing sea and river navigation dangers, designations of sea and river channels and paths, various water areas and ranges, places of anchor stations yank, submarine cables and pipelines are other similar uses.

Floating navigation aids are known in the form of luminous buoys having one or more electrochemical sources of electricity (disposable electrochemical cells or reusable, rechargeable batteries).

Buoys are also known that perform one or more functions, for example, designate a fairway or dangerous places and at the same time collect, process and transmit ashore various data (for example, data on weather and hydrographic conditions). Such buoys are equipped with various energy-consuming devices, such as:

- LED navigation light

- beacon

- sonar

- camera

- radiation detector

- weather and hydrographic sensors of various types

- automatic radio station or GSM information transceiver

- satellite transceiver (including possibly GPS or GLONASS).

Typically, such buoys also have one or more electrochemical sources of electricity that need to be recharged (batteries) or replaced (disposable chemical current sources) during periodic maintenance of the buoy. Buoys are known that are equipped not only with electrochemical sources, but also with autonomous generators using renewable energy sources (RES), such as solar panels (SB), which convert the energy of solar radiation into electricity, or devices that convert wave energy into electricity. The electric energy generated by the SB during solar periods and from waves during strong waves is stored in electrochemical storage batteries.

Then, when renewable energy sources in aggregate cannot cover the current demand for electricity, the drives give the accumulated electricity to the above-mentioned energy-consuming devices. Currently, the most common type of energy storage devices are rechargeable batteries (AB).

There is a known buoy for monitoring the seaport water area, which, in addition to service devices (sensors and communication equipment), includes an SB consisting of several modules (for example, from two to four) using the sun as a renewable energy source and an AB as a storage device. A brochure describing this Intellicheck Mobilisa's Aegeus (EE-GEE-US) brand buoy is available at http://www.icmobil.com/product/access-control

The disadvantages of this power supply system are:

1. The instability of the receipt of solar energy, for example, during cloudy weather or during the polar night in high northern latitudes, for example in the Barents Sea;

2. To maintain the operability of the equipment in the case of prolonged absence of the sun, it is necessary to have a battery of very large capacity, which in turn leads to an increase in the mass of the battery, which, in turn, is limited by the carrying capacity of the buoy.

Closest to the proposed utility model is the autonomous energy supply system of the buoy Monitoring Buoy System (Patent US 8149275 from 04/03/2012). The energy supply system of this buoy, in addition to several solar modules and AB, includes one or more generators driven by wave energy (WAG). The presence of the latter reduces the dependence of the buoy's operability on the supply of solar energy, but leads to the need for more frequent periodic maintenance, as The duration of normal WAG operation in seawater is limited by the processes of corrosion, siltation, and overgrowing with algae and shells. Another disadvantage is that these calm generators do not generate electricity under conditions of calm and lack of waves.

The technical result, which is directed to a utility model, is to increase the stability of energy supply of the above power-consuming equipment of the navigation device, which increases the reliability of its operation for the navigation safety of navigation.

To achieve this result, an autonomous energy supply system is proposed for floating navigation aids, consisting of:

- generators on renewable energy sources (at least two and different types),

- generators on non-renewable sources of electricity,

- drives (one or more types) of electricity,

- a control device with a power distributor, equipped with remote monitoring and control by the remote operator of the coastal navigation service.

Thus, the following set of features of the utility model is proposed: a power supply system for navigation aids, consisting of a generator based on a renewable source of electricity - solar panels, energy storage devices and a control device, the input of which is connected to the electricity source, and the outputs are connected to storage devices and energy-consuming equipment floating means of navigation support, while the system further comprises a second generator based on updated power source - vertical axis wind turbine and generator based on the third non-renewable source of energy - the fuel element is connected to the control inputs.

In addition, the control device is equipped with a power distributor between the energy storage devices and power-consuming equipment of the floating navigation aid.

Also, methanol or ethanol, or hydrogen, or methane is used as fuel for the fuel cell.

In figures 1 and 2 shows a diagram of a utility model (figure 1 - General view and top view) which includes:

two fundamentally different RES-based generators:

- solar batteries SB 1, can be, for example, four, vertically or obliquely located, oriented horizontally with a step of 90 angular degrees,

- vertical-axis wind generator VG 2.

(The choice of the number of SBs and the angles of their installation is determined by the geographic location of the buoy. Preferred types of SH are models protected by patents No. 122450 RU dated November 27, 2012, No. 123468 RU dated December 27, 2012, No. 125264 RU dated February 27, 2013;),

- as well as one generator based on a non-renewable source - a fuel cell (TE) 6, with a fuel tank for liquid or gaseous fuel 7 and a fueling unit 8. In practice, a fuel cell can be used in which methanol is used as liquid fuel, but it is also possible and other types of FCs, in particular, TE on ethanol, TE on hydrogen, etc.

The figure 1 also shows energy storage devices 3, which can be AB or other known storage devices, a control device 4 with a power distributor 9, which provides communication with generators on renewable energy sources 1, 2, with TE 6 on a non-renewable energy source methanol or ethanol, as well as the supply of electricity to the above power-consuming devices of the navigation device 5, for example, a buoy.

The system schematically shown in figures 1 and 2, operates as follows.

The solar modules that make up SB 1 convert sunlight into electric current, which flows through control device 4. The latter, firstly, by selecting a working point on the current-voltage characteristic of the SB, provides maximum power removal, and secondly, it forms DC voltage required to recharge energy storage devices, for example, AB 3 and to power energy-consuming equipment 5.

The same control device 4 has a second independent input, to which VG 2 is connected. Its power is added to the power of solar modules, and in the absence of sun it serves as the main source of electricity. The control device 4 additionally protects the battery from overcharging.

In unfavorable weather conditions, when for a long time there is no sun, nor enough strong wind, all the electric power necessary for consumers is provided by AB. In this case, the energy stored in the battery, and with it the voltage at the terminals of the battery monotonously decreases and can drop to the minimum acceptable level.

In this case, the control device 4 detects a voltage drop below the threshold level and issues a command to start a non-renewable source - TE 6. An electrochemical reaction of fuel oxidation starts in it, as a result of which electric energy is generated and heat is generated. In cold weather, this heat can be used to heat AB or energy-consuming equipment. The operation of the fuel cell continues until the supply of solar and wind energy resumes, and the voltage on the battery rises to its nominal value. The fuel reserve for the fuel cell is located in the fuel tank 7 and is controlled by a corresponding sensor (not shown in the figure). If it is necessary to replenish the fuel supply through the fueling unit 8, the system informs the remote coastal service operator about this through the communication channels used (not shown in the figure). The volume of the fuel tank is selected in such a way as to minimize the number of refueling with liquid fuel - methanol or ethanol. Refueling can be carried out by a special ship / boat - refueling.

For several energy stores, an appropriate control device 4 is used, which has the required number of inputs (by the number of energy generators) and outputs (by the number of energy stores + 1 output to energy-consuming equipment), and equipped with a power distributor between the drives and consumers. A controller protected by patent No. 118134 RU of 09/10/2012 can be used as a distributor. Such a control device provides energy supply to energy-consuming equipment, directing them the energy generated from renewable energy sources and fuel cells or accumulated in the battery.

Thus, the proposed circuitry solution due to the use of several sources of electric energy of various types in the system, the operation of which is controlled by a single control device, allows to increase the stability of the power supply of the power-consuming equipment of the buoy, which is most directly associated with increasing the reliability of its operation for the navigation safety of navigation. An additional advantage of the described solution is the possibility of using "waste" heat generated during the operation of SB, VG and TE to maintain the necessary temperature regime of the equipment located in the hold of the buoy.

Claims (3)

1. The power supply system of floating navigation aid for navigation, consisting of a generator based on a renewable source of electricity - solar panels, energy storage devices and a control device, the input of which is connected to an electricity source, and the outputs are connected to drives and energy-consuming equipment of floating navigation support equipment, characterized in that the system further comprises a second generator based on a renewable source of electricity - vertical flax-axis wind generator and a third generator based on a non-renewable energy source - a fuel cell connected to the inputs of the control device. 2. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that the control device is equipped with a power distributor between the drives and the power-consuming equipment of the floating navigation aid. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that methanol or ethanol, or hydrogen, or methane is used as fuel for the fuel cell.