RU142468U1 - INSTALLATION FOR MAGNETIC-ABRASIVE TREATMENT OF SURFACES OF NON-MAGNETIC PIPES - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Installation for magnetic abrasive surface treatment of non-magnetic pipes, comprising a rotary device configured to fasten the pipe to be processed inside and / or near which ferromagnetic material is placed, a translational device configured to feed along the axis of the pipe to be processed and approach with a gap to it and equipped with an inductor, the magnetic system of which has magnetic field sources in the form of permanent magnets, located diametrically relative to the axis of rotation of the pipe being machined, and the drive of the reciprocating motion of the inductor, in which a crank mechanism with a crank of a given shape is used as the mechanism of reciprocating movement, characterized in that the permanent magnets in the inductor are located in at least two replaceable blocks, each of of which an independent closed magnetic system is formed, and the drive of the reciprocating motion of the inductor is made with the possibility of providing a movement of at least 20 mm. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the crank has a cross-shaped shape and is made with holes for mounting the connecting rod with a finger with the ability to selectively install a finger in these holes to change the movement of the inductor. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the inductor is made with a closed working area. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the inductor is made with an open working area. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the independent closed magnetic system of the replaceable inductor block is made in the form of a pair of permanent magnets

Description

The utility model relates to the field of finishing, namely, the processing of the outer and inner surfaces of long lengthy thin-walled non-magnetic pipes of various diameters with ferromagnetic powders in a magnetic field. The greatest efficiency from the application is for magnetic abrasive processing (polishing, modification) of the external and internal surfaces, mainly pipes of small diameter.

A known installation for processing the inner surfaces of non-magnetic pipes with ferromagnetic powder [1], containing a direct current electromagnetic inductor and an oscillator mechanism of the inductor.

A disadvantage of the analogue is the use of an electromagnetic inductor as a source of magnetic field. The use of an electromagnetic inductor increases the likelihood of interruptions in the processing process due to the failure of electrical apparatuses or electrical breakdown of magnetizing coils.

Therefore, it is necessary to carefully seal the inductor from getting into the lubricant-cooling technological means, which complicates the manufacturing technology of the device as a whole.

In addition, due to the presence of magnetizing coils in such inductors, they have relatively large overall dimensions and mass, which complicates the design of the device for processing internal surfaces.

Known more reliable and simple to perform installation for magnetic abrasive surface treatment of non-magnetic pipes [2], adopted as a prototype of a utility model. Such an installation comprises a rotary action device configured to fasten the pipe to be machined therein, inside and / or near which the ferromagnetic material is placed. The installation also has a translational action device configured to feed it along the axis of the pipe being machined and to feed it with a gap to the pipe being machined, equipped with a reciprocating drive of the inductor, in which a crank mechanism is used as a reciprocating mechanism, and an inductor with permanent magnets, which are located diametrically relative to the axis of rotation of the processed pipe. Moreover, the reciprocating movement of the inductor is a short-path oscillatory motion (oscillation) with a stroke of 5 mm, which allows you to mix the ferromagnetic powder to increase processing efficiency.

The disadvantage of the prototype [2], as well as the analogue [1] is the inefficiency and even, in some cases, the inability to process the inner surface of pipes of small diameter. This is due to the fact that surface treatment is mainly provided by the rotational movement of the pipe being processed, and the short stroke of the inductor does not carry out processing, but only provides mixing of the ferromagnetic powder.

The problem solved by the utility model is to achieve a technical result for increasing work efficiency, simplifying the design and increasing the universality of the installation of magnetic abrasive surface treatment of non-magnetic pipes by improving the quality of processing of the outer and inner surfaces of long thin-walled non-magnetic pipes of small diameter.

The problem is solved in that the installation for magnetic abrasive processing of the surfaces of non-magnetic pipes, containing a rotary action device configured to fix the processed pipe inside or / and near which ferromagnetic material is placed, and also containing a translational action device configured to supplying it along the axis of the processed pipe and the possibility of supplying it with a gap to the processed pipe, and equipped with an inductor in which the magnetic system has magnetic field points in the form of permanent magnets, which are located diametrically relative to the axis of rotation of the workpiece, and also equipped with a reciprocating drive of the inductor, in which a crank mechanism with a crank of a certain shape is used as a reciprocating movement, has distinctive features: 1) in the inductor, permanent magnets are located in at least two replaceable blocks, while in each replaceable block an independent closed magnet th system; 2) the drive of the reciprocating motion of the inductor is configured to provide such movement with a stroke of at least 20 mm.

The first distinguishing feature is aimed at increasing the efficiency of surface treatment due to the possibility of changing the length of the working zone of the inductor, in contrast to the prototype [2], in which the inductor has a constant length of the working zone, while increasing the versatility and flexibility of the inductor due to the possibility of reinstalling replaceable blocks.

The second distinctive feature is aimed at providing reciprocating movements of the inductor, while the ferromagnetic powder is moving, which provides the main cutting movement during processing using such a setup. This will increase the efficiency of the installation for magnetic abrasive processing of surfaces of non-magnetic pipes, increasing, in comparison with the prototype [2], the versatility of its application for pipes of small diameter.

Suitable embodiments of the utility model are as follows:

- the cruciform shape of the crank is used, in which the holes for fastening the connecting rod with a finger are made, with the possibility of selective installation of the finger in these holes to change the course of movement of the inductor;

- the inductor is made with a closed working area;

- the inductor is made with an open working area;

- an independent closed magnetic system of a replaceable inductor block is made in the form of a pair of permanent magnets with diametrical magnetization, which are installed by opposite poles located in one plane parallel to the axis of rotation of the pipe;

- in the replaceable block of the inductor between the pair of permanent magnets there is a magnetic circuit in the form of a half ring of ferromagnetic material;

- in replaceable inductor blocks, all pairs of permanent magnets are mounted relative to each other in one plane parallel to the axis of rotation of the pipe;

- in replaceable inductor blocks, pairs of permanent magnets are mounted relative to each other in planes located at an angle to each other;

- in the replaceable inductor block, one permanent ring-shaped permanent magnet with axial magnetization is used;

- the alternator uses an alternation of a removable block containing a pair of permanent magnets with diametral magnetization, and a replaceable block containing a permanent magnet of a circular shape with axial magnetization;

- in the inductor replaceable blocks relative to each other are installed without a gap or with a gap, while such gaps may be the same or unequal.

The utility model is illustrated by illustrations, where:

- in FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for magnetically abrasive machining surfaces of non-magnetic pipes;

- in FIG. 2 - installation controls;

- in FIG. 3 is a general view of the drive of the reciprocating movements of the inductor for surface treatment of non-magnetic pipes;

- in FIG. 4 - inductor of such an installation with a closed working area;

- in FIG. 5 - inductor of such an installation with an open working area;

- in FIG. 6 - replaceable unit with a magnetic system in the form of a pair of permanent magnets with a diametrical magnetization to an inductor with a closed working area;

- in FIG. 7 - replaceable unit with a magnetic system in the form of a pair of permanent magnets with a diametrical magnetization to an inductor with an open working area;

- in FIG. 8 - interchangeable unit with a magnetic system in the form of a pair of permanent magnets with diametral magnetization and a magnetic circuit to the inductor with an open working area;

- in FIG. 9 is a method for processing pipe surfaces using an inductor with an open working area having a magnetic system consisting of interchangeable units with pairs of permanent magnets that are mounted relative to each other in the same plane parallel to the axis of rotation of the pipe;

- in FIG. 10 is a method for processing pipe surfaces using an inductor with an open working area having a magnetic system consisting of interchangeable units with pairs of permanent magnets that are mounted relative to each other in planes located at an angle to each other;

- in FIG. 11 is a general diagram of the implementation of the method of internal and external surface treatment of non-magnetic pipes using an inductor with a magnetic system in the form of a pair of permanent magnets with diametrical magnetization.

- in FIG. 12 is a removable unit with a magnetic system in the form of an annular permanent magnet with axial magnetization to an inductor having a closed working area;

- in FIG. 13 is a general diagram of the implementation of a method of internal surface treatment of non-magnetic pipes using an inductor with a magnetic system in the form of an annular permanent magnet with axial magnetization.

- in FIG. 14 is a general diagram of the implementation of the method of internal and external surface treatment of non-magnetic pipes using an inductor according to the first embodiment, comprising a magnetic system in which an interchangeable unit with a pair of permanent magnets with diametrical magnetization and a replaceable unit with one permanent ring magnet with axial magnetization are alternated.

The installation for magnetically abrasive machining of surfaces of non-magnetic pipes is mounted, for example (Fig. 1), on a bed 1, along the guides 2 of which, with the help of a screw 3, the carriage 4. The transverse support 5 is mounted on the carriage 4, on which the reciprocating drive is mounted movements 6 of the inductor 7 for magnetic abrasive processing of the surfaces of non-magnetic pipes. For example, as shown, this may be a pipe 8 made of non-magnetic material fixed in a rotary device - a cartridge 9 of the front headstock 10 of the technological unit having a gear box 11. This technological unit is also equipped with a tailstock 12 with a cartridge 13 for fastening long pipes. A stopper 14 is installed on the tailstock 12 to fix the distance between the cartridges 9 and 13. A shelf 15 is mounted on the bed 1 of the technological installation, on which the electronic control unit 16 is located.

The installation (Fig. 2) is equipped with controls using which the method of magnetically abrasive surface treatment of non-magnetic pipes is carried out. The feed of the reciprocating movement 6 is carried out by moving the carriage 4 using the handwheel 17 or the automatic feed 18. The feedrate and direction are set respectively by the feedrate switch 19 and the feed direction switch 20. The reciprocating drive 6 is driven by moving the caliper 5 using the cross feed handle 21.

The rotation of the processed pipe is carried out by the button for turning on 22 the rotation of the cartridge 9, the speed adjustment knob 23 of this rotation, the direction switch (forward / off / back) 25 of this rotation and the emergency switch 24.

The electronic control unit 16 is equipped with a power button 26, and buttons 27-32, with the functions of setting up and starting the process of magnetic abrasive treatment of the surfaces of non-magnetic pipes.

The reciprocating movements of the inductor 7 are carried out by the reciprocating movements 6 (Fig. 3), which, through the motor 33, through the gear-belt transmission 34 and the crank mechanism 35-36-37 transmits these movements to the carriage 39, which moves along the base 40. An inductor 7 is attached to the carriage 39 with screws 38. The change in the course of the inductor 7 is carried out by reinstalling the finger 36 into the corresponding hole of the crank 35.

The inductor 7 can be made in two versions (Fig. 4 and 5). The first embodiment is an inductor with a closed working area (Fig. 4), the second embodiment is an inductor with an open working zone (Fig. 5).

According to the first embodiment, the inductor 7 (Fig. 4) consists of a non-magnetic housing 41, in which a magnetic system is installed, consisting of at least two annular replaceable blocks 42 (the figure shows an example where there are three of them) with permanent magnets (not shown ) There is also a cover 43, which covers the magnetic system on the side, and a tube 44, which forms a closed working area. In this case, the tube 44 has the ability to freely remove from the inductor to replace a portion of the powder. The advantages of the closed working zone formed by the tube 44 are the protection of the structural elements of the technological installation against the ingress of powder particles and / or technological lubricants from the working zone, as well as the ease of replacing a portion of the powder without reinstalling the inductor.

According to the second embodiment, the inductor 7 (Fig. 5) consists of a non-magnetic housing 46, in which a magnetic system is installed, consisting of at least two annular replaceable blocks 47 (the figure shows an example where there are three of them) with permanent magnets (not shown ) There is also a lid 48, which covers the magnetic system on the side, and a lid 49, which closes the magnetic system from the inside, thereby creating an open working area. The advantage of such an open work area is free access to it, which makes it easy to add a portion of the powder and add powder without the need to remove the inductor. In addition, the supply of cutting lubricants to certain points of the working area is provided, and the processing process is visually monitored.

By means of the holder 45, the inductor 7 according to the first and second embodiment (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) is attached to the drive of the reciprocating movements 6 (Fig. 3).

The replaceable block 42 (Fig. 6) for the inductor according to the first embodiment and the replaceable block 47 (Fig. 7) for the inductor according to the second embodiment consists of a non-magnetic casing of the block 50 and permanent magnets 51 with diametrical magnetization mounted relative to each other in the same plane, parallel to the axis of rotation of the pipe.

The replaceable block 42 for the inductor according to the first embodiment and the replaceable block 47 for the inductor according to the second embodiment can be additionally equipped with a magnetic circuit 52 in the form of a half-ring of ferromagnetic material (figure 8 shows an example of an inductor according to the second embodiment) to enhance magnetic induction in the working area.

In the inductor according to the first and second embodiments, in its replaceable blocks 47, all pairs of permanent magnets can be mounted relative to each other in the same plane parallel to the axis of rotation of the pipe 8 (Fig. 9 shows an example of a magnetic system for the inductor according to the second embodiment). In this case, replaceable blocks relative to each other can be installed without a gap (not shown) or with a gap (as shown). All such gaps may be the same (as shown) or uneven (not shown).

In the inductor according to the first and second embodiments in a magnetic system in replaceable inductor blocks, all pairs of permanent magnets can be mounted relative to each other in planes located at an angle to each other (Fig. 10 shows an example of a magnetic system for an inductor according to the second embodiment without a housing and covers). In this case, replaceable blocks relative to each other can be installed without a gap (not shown) or with a gap (as shown). All such gaps may be the same (as shown) or uneven (not shown). The installation of removable blocks in planes located at an angle to each other allows even when installing removable blocks without a gap to minimize the effect of magnetic systems of removable blocks on each other.

The use of interchangeable blocks 42 in the magnetic system of the inductor according to the first embodiment or interchangeable blocks 47 in the magnetic system of the inductor according to the second embodiment allows the processing of the outer and / or inner surface of the pipes. In this case, when treating the outer surface, a portion of the powder 56 under the influence of a magnetic field created by the permanent magnets 51 is held in the gap between the outer surface of the pipe 8 and the inductor body (as shown in figure I). When processing the inner surface, a portion of the powder 57 is held inside the pipe 8 (as shown in figure 11).

The replaceable unit 57 (Fig. 12) for the inductor according to the first embodiment is equipped with a permanent magnet 58 of an annular shape with axial magnetization. Using an interchangeable unit 57 allows processing of the inner surface of the pipes. Moreover, when processing the inner surface, a portion of the powder 56 under the influence of a magnetic field created by the permanent magnet 58 is held inside the pipe 8 (as shown in figure 13).

The inductor according to the first embodiment may comprise a magnetic system in which an interchangeable block 42 with a pair of permanent magnets with diametral magnetization and a replaceable block 57 with one permanent ring magnet with axial magnetization are alternated (Fig. 14). In this case, interchangeable blocks 42 with a pair of permanent magnets with diametrical magnetization are designed to process the outer surface of the pipe 8, and removable blocks 57 with one permanent magnet of a ring shape with axial magnetization are designed to process the inner surface of the pipe 8.

Installation for magnetic abrasive surface treatment of non-magnetic pipes works as follows.

Preliminarily, using the transverse feed handle 21 (Fig. 2), the inductor 7 (Fig. 1) is supplied to the operating position. After that, the processed pipe 8 (Fig. 1) is fixed in the rotary device - the cartridge 9 of the front headstock 10, and in the case of a long processed pipe 8 - in the cartridge 13 of the back headstock 12 of the technological installation.

A portion of powder 53 or / and a portion of powder 56 are placed inside and / or near the pipe being processed (Fig. 11, Fig. 13). If necessary, using the handle transverse feed 21 (Fig. 2) of the technological installation, set the necessary clearance between the inductor 7 and the pipe 8 (Fig. 1).

On the panel of the electronic control unit 16 using the buttons 27-30 set the time and frequency of the reciprocating movements of the inductor (Fig. 2). After that, the rotary action device, i.e. the headstock 10, providing rotation 54 of the processed pipe 8 (Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 14). At the same time, the drive of the reciprocating movements 6 of the inductor 7 (Fig. 1) is turned on, which ensures the cyclicity of the reciprocating movement 55 inductor with a certain frequency and stroke of at least 20 mm (Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 14).

This causes the movement of the portion of the powder 53 or / and the portion of the powder 56 along the outer surface and / or along the inner surface of the processed pipe 8. It is possible to mix the portion of the powder in order to intensify the processing process.

If necessary, with the help of the automatic feed enable lever 18 or the manual feed flywheel 17, the carriages 4 perform a longitudinal feed of the translational action device 4-6 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). Also, using the speed adjustment knob 23 of rotation of the cartridge 9, the rotation of the processed pipe 8 is controlled (Fig. 2).

The main movement of the method of such processing is the reciprocating movement along the processed pipe 8 of the translational action device (set of elements 4-6). Moreover, the auxiliary movement of this method is the movement of the device of rotational action, i.e. rotation of the headstock 10 with the processed pipe 8.

The actions described above allow the processing of separately external surfaces or internal surfaces of pipes, as well as their simultaneous processing.

The use of the above-described installation for magnetic-abrasive processing of non-magnetic pipes solves the problem of efficient polishing of such products of small diameter and relatively large length, which allows to increase the productivity and quality of polishing, reduce the dimensions of the devices used in the installation for the implementation of polishing, and also reduces material and energy costs .

Information sources:

1. Polishing of ultra-clean inner surfaces using magnetic force / Jeong-Du Kim // International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. - 2003. - Vol. 21. - P. 91-97 (Figure 3).

2. Internal finishing process for alumina ceramic components by a magnetic field assisted finishing process / H. Yamaguchi, T. Shinmura // Precision Engineering. - 2004. - Vol. 28, Is. 2. - P. 135-142. (Figure 2) / prototype /.

Claims (14)

1. Installation for magnetic abrasive surface treatment of non-magnetic pipes, comprising a rotary device configured to fasten the pipe to be processed inside and / or near which ferromagnetic material is placed, a translational device configured to feed along the axis of the pipe to be processed and approach with a gap to it and equipped with an inductor, the magnetic system of which has magnetic field sources in the form of permanent magnets, located diametrically relative to the axis of rotation of the pipe being machined, and the drive of the reciprocating motion of the inductor, in which a crank mechanism with a crank of a given shape is used as the mechanism of reciprocating movement, characterized in that the permanent magnets in the inductor are located in at least two replaceable blocks, each of which formed an independent closed magnetic system, and the drive of the reciprocating motion of the inductor is made with the possibility of providing a stroke of at least 20 mm. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the crank has a cross-shaped shape and is made with holes for mounting the connecting rod with a finger with the ability to selectively install a finger in these holes to change the course of movement of the inductor. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the inductor is made with a closed working area. 4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the inductor is made with an open working area. 5. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the independent closed magnetic system of the replaceable inductor block is made in the form of a pair of permanent magnets with diametrical magnetization, which are installed with opposite poles located in one plane parallel to the axis of rotation of the pipe. 6. Installation according to claim 5, characterized in that a magnetic circuit in the form of a half ring of ferromagnetic material is installed in a removable inductor block between a pair of permanent magnets. 7. Installation according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that in the replaceable inductor blocks all pairs of permanent magnets are mounted relative to each other in one plane parallel to the axis of rotation of the pipe. 8. Installation according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that in the replaceable inductor blocks the pairs of permanent magnets are mounted relative to each other in planes located at an angle to each other. 9. Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that in the replaceable inductor block one permanent ring magnet with axial magnetization is used. 10. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the inductor is alternated with a removable block containing a pair of permanent magnets with diametrical magnetization and a replaceable block containing a permanent ring magnet with axial magnetization. 11. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that in the inductor replaceable blocks relative to each other are installed without a gap. 12. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that in the inductor replaceable blocks relative to each other are installed with a gap. 13. Installation according to item 12, characterized in that the gaps are selected the same. 14. Installation according to item 12, characterized in that the gaps are chosen unequal.

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