RU142254U1 - SMALL WATER TREATMENT STATION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A small-sized water purification station, including a water purifier, mounted in a container-type box made of sheet steel, and containing an inlet strainer with a valve, an oxidation chamber, inside which a water level meter is installed, which interacts with an on / off device supply of source water when it reaches the lower or upper predetermined levels, respectively, and a cavitator located above the upper predetermined water level; containing an ejector and a pump connected by pipelines with a cavitator to the circulation circuit; containing a pressure filter, two coagulation chambers connected in series by the pipeline, the first of which is connected to the oxidation chamber, and the second through the second pump and non-return valve - to the pressure filter, a clean water storage tank connected directly to the pressure filter by the pipeline and, in addition, to rinse the pressure filter, connected to it through a third pump and a second check valve; containing a second water level meter and a second cavitator located above the upper predetermined level installed inside the clean water storage device; comprising a second ejector and a fourth pump, connected by pipelines with a second cavitator to the circulation circuit; containing an ozonizer, a power supply for the ozonizer, an air purification filter to which the ozonizer is connected, a residual ozone decomposition unit connected to the clean water storage device, and two pressure gauges, one of which serves to control the pressure in the source water supply system, and the other for control of water pressure in the pressure filter; in addition, the floor of the block box is

Description

The utility model relates to water purification devices, and more specifically to the removal of iron, manganese, various organic substances and other pollutants from natural, mainly underground, water by pre-oxidizing oxygen with water pollutants, intensifying further water purification and preventing secondary pollution, and can be used primarily for drinking water in remote camps, cottages.

The prior art devices are known in which ozonation is used to clean and disinfect natural and waste waters [1. RF patent for the invention No. 2228916, IPC C02F 9/04], cavitation [2. Auth. USSR certificate No. 1502481, IPC C02F 1/64], filtering [[1], 3. RF patent for utility model No. 35730, IPC B01D 24/48, F16K 15/04; 4. RF patent for the invention No. 2225243, IPC B01D 24/10, 24/38]. Analogs for the inventive installation are an automatic filter installation for water purification and hydraulic locks for this installation according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 35730 class. B01D 24/48, F16K 15/04. [5], the installation for water purification by ozonation according to the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2228916, IPC C02F 9/04 [1], a small-sized mobile water treatment station according to the patent for the utility model of the Russian Federation No. 111127, IPC C02F 1/00 (2006.01) [6] . Installation according to the RF patent No. 35730 contains a filter with filtering material, a piping system for supplying and discharging water, equipped with pumps, check valves and hydraulic locks, as well as a pressure measuring device connected to the filter and the filtering process control unit. Installation according to the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2228916, IPC C02F 9/04 [1] contains an oxidation chamber (ozonation), a cavitator, a pressure filter, an ejector associated with an ozone generator. Installation [1] provides an effective purification of water from pollutants, but is inconvenient to move, since disassembly and assembly in a new place is required. Station [6] contains a water treatment plant, which includes a strainer connected by pipelines, an oxidation chamber with a non-cavitator placed inside, an ejector and a pump connected to the oxidation chamber in a circulation circuit, an automatic control system, a pressure filter, pumps, and a coagulation chamber , the store of pure water. Installation using embedded parts is fixed in a block box, which ensures its mobility. The disadvantage of the station [6]: insufficient fitness to protect purified water from possible microbial contamination during slow water analysis.

Closest to the claimed in essence is a mobile small-sized water treatment plant according to the patent for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 122086, IPC C02F 1/52, C02F 1/78, C02F 9/02 (2006.01) [7]. The station contains a water purification unit mounted in a container box of sheet steel and including a valve, an inlet strainer, to which the oxidation chamber is connected by a pipe, and a water level meter is installed inside the oxidation chamber, which interacts with the source feed on / off device water when it reaches the lower or upper preset levels, respectively, and a cavitator located above the upper preset water level. In addition, the installation [7] includes an ejector and a pump connected by pipelines with a cavitator to the circulation circuit; pressure filter, two coagulation chambers interconnected, one of which is connected to the oxidation chamber, and the other is connected through a second pump and a non-return valve with a pressure filter, a clean water tank with a water level meter, connected directly to the pressure filter with a pipeline and, in addition, flushing the pressure filter connected to it through a third pump and a second check valve. In addition, for disinfection of clean water, the installation contains an ozonizer connected to a power supply and a filter for air purification, and a cavitator located inside the clean water accumulator, which is connected to the second ejector and pump in a circulation circuit. A residual ozone decomposition unit is connected to the pure water storage device. The installation has pressure gauges for monitoring the pressure in the feed water supply system and in the pressure filter. To ensure drainage, the tanks are equipped with appropriate valves, the pressure filter is equipped with a hydraulic valve, and there are holes in the floor of the block box. Outside the block box, the station [7] is equipped with a water folding crane connected by a pipeline to a clean water storage tank. The station according to [7] is taken as a prototype of the claimed station. It provides effective cleaning and disinfection of water.

However, the station proposed by patent No. 122086 is not sufficiently adapted for the purification of waters with a high content of organic substances characteristic of the northern regions of Siberia. The color of such waters reaches 100-120 degrees on a color scale, the smell is 3-5 points. In addition, the content of silicon, iron, manganese in the form of complex and colloidal compounds is increased in such water, in comparison with MAC. The specific chemical composition of high-color low-saline water requires the use of additional technological methods for cleaning pollutants, which is not provided for in the water treatment scheme of patent No. 122086.

The objective of the invention: simultaneously with the mobility of the installation to provide effective purification of low-saline water with high color from suspended particles, bacterial and organic pollutants in stand-alone mode, as well as in severe climatic conditions.

The technical result that allows to solve the problem is to provide an additional stage of sorption - filtering to remove organic water pollutants.

The problem is solved as follows.

A mobile small-sized water treatment station, like the prototype, contains a water treatment unit mounted in a container-type block box made of sheet steel. Installation for water purification contains an inlet strainer with a valve and an oxidation chamber. Inside the oxidation chamber, a water level meter is installed, which interacts with the device for turning on / off the source water supply when it reaches the lower or upper predetermined levels, respectively, and a cavitator located above the upper predetermined water level. As in the prototype, an ejector and a pump are connected by pipelines to the circulation circuit in a circulator. The installation contains a pressure filter, two coagulation chambers connected in series to the oxidation chamber, the first of which is connected to the oxidation chamber, and the second through the second pump and non-return valve to the pressure filter, a clean water storage tank connected directly to the pressure filter by the pipeline and, additionally, through the third pump and second check valve. Inside the pressure filter, a second water level meter and a second cavitator located above the upper set level are installed. The second ejector and the fourth pump are connected with the second cavitator by pipelines to the circulation circuit. In common with the prototype is also the fact that the installation includes an ozonizer, a power supply for the ozonizer, an air purification filter with which the ozonizer is connected, a residual ozone decomposition unit connected to the clean water storage device, and two pressure gauges, one of which serves to control pressure in the feed water supply system, and the other to control the water pressure in the pressure filter. As in the prototype, the floor of the block box is made with holes for draining water from all tanks and draining dirty wash water, the tanks are equipped with appropriate valves to ensure drainage, and the pressure filter is equipped with a hydraulic valve. Outside the block box, the water treatment plant is equipped with a water taps connected by a pipeline through a third non-return valve and a fifth pump with a clean water accumulator.

Unlike the prototype, the water treatment plant additionally contains a sorption-filter element with a cartridge of granular activated carbon, mainly from a coconut shell, the inlet of which is connected by a pipe to a clean water storage tank, and the outlet, also by a pipe, with a pressure filter. On the corresponding pipeline in front of the inlet and outlet of the sorption-filtering element, valves are additionally installed.

To increase the compactness of the station, the oxidation and coagulation chambers, as in the prototype, can have a cross-section in the form of an ellipse, and the pumps are mounted on containers corresponding to their location.

The oxidation chamber in a particular case can be equipped with a float valve and an overflow line located above the level of water retention by the float valve.

For severe climatic conditions, it is advisable to carry out the floor and walls of the block box with heat insulation, for example, using a mineral plate covered with a galvanized sheet. For ease of maintenance, the doors of the block box can be double-leafed, and to ensure the lifting and lowering of the block box during transportation, the roof of the block box can be equipped with mounting hinges. In addition, the station can additionally be equipped with a microcontroller, with which you can automatically control the operation of the water treatment plant.

The utility model is novel, since in the known sources of information there are no devices characterized by the same set of features as the claimed small-sized water treatment plant. The drawing shows a block diagram of an installation for water purification.

A small-sized water purification station contains a block box in which, using embedded parts, a water purification plant is fixed. The body of the block box can be made of sheet steel (Art. 3 or another brand with similar quality) 2 mm thick. There are technological holes in the floor for draining water (when emptying the containers before transportation, to discharge dirty wash water, for emergency situations to prevent freezing of water).

To avoid breakdowns during transportation, a welded bed (for example, from channel No. 12 or No. 10) should be provided, which creates the strength of the block box structure. The floor is made of sheet steel 3 mm thick. Cross and perimeter ribs from a corner provide rigidity of all box walls. The floor and walls are insulated (for example, with a mineral slab). Walls after insulation are closed with a galvanized sheet with a thickness of 0.55 mm.

For the convenience of equipment placement, the doors are double-wing, swinging, with a total width of 1.6 m. When the station is in normal operation, in order to save energy, only one door leaf is used. For maximum completeness of using the area of the block box, ease of placement (easily passes through the door), the oxidation chamber and the coagulation chamber are made in the form of containers with an ellipsoid section for compact installation of component parts of the station.

For convenience during transportation, the block box is equipped with four suspensions (mounting loops) that provide quick and reliable lifting and moving. The station is easily transported to remote places (for example, to shift camps or to emergency situations) using the MI-8 helicopter (if there are no roads), as well as by road, water, and railway modes of transport.

Installation for water purification contains an oxidation chamber 1 made of stainless steel, made in the form of a closed cylindrical container (with a cross section, for example, in the form of an ellipse) with a lid. Water enters the oxidation chamber 1 after passing through the inlet strainer 2, the flow rate is controlled by valve 3. Inside the chamber 1, a cavitator, as well as a water level meter and a float valve, are placed above the upper set water level. The cavitator is connected to the ejector and pump to the circulation circuit. The oxidation chamber 1 is connected to coagulation chambers 4 and 5, connected in series, each made of stainless steel in the form of a closed cylindrical container with a lid with a cross section, for example, in the form of an ellipse and conical bottoms. The coagulation chamber 5 through a second pump and a check valve is connected to a pressure filter 6, made in the form of a cylindrical body with a conical cover and a bottom, which contains a granular filter material. The pressure filter 6 is connected to a clean water tank 7 and to an automatic flushing system. To supply clean wash water from the clean water tank 7 to the pressure filter 6, a third pump and a second non-return valve (not shown) are used. A hydraulic valve is used to discharge dirty wash water.

The installation also contains an ozonizer 8, to which a clean water accumulator 7 is connected through an ejector 9. A cavitator, a water level meter and a float valve (not shown) are located inside the accumulator 7. The cavitator located inside the drive is connected to the ejector 9. The clean water accumulator 7, the pump 10, the ejector 9 and the cavitator are interconnected by pipelines into the circulation circuit. Through the ejector 9, the ozone-air mixture enters the clean water reservoir. Ozone for it is produced in ozonator 8. Ozonator 8 is connected to a power supply unit 11, which supplies it with electricity, and a filter for air purification 12. A residual ozone decomposition unit 13 is attached to the clean water storage device 7, which serves to remove excess ozone to a safe level. The water contained in the clean water storage device 7 can be further purified in the sorption-filter element 14 with a granular carbon cartridge connected to the storage device 7 and the pressure filter 6.

Purified water is discharged from the clean water storage device 7 to the consumer. For the convenience of water consumption, there is a water folding valve (not shown in the drawing) connected to the clean water accumulator 7 through a fourth pump and a third check valve and mounted on the wall of the block box.

The station operates as follows.

Assembly and initial testing of the station are carried out in the factory, on site - the final installation, technological tests. The water for treatment can be supplied from a well or an open reservoir. The electrical equipment of the station can operate both from the network and from an autonomous power source.

The source water enters through the inlet strainer 2 into the oxidation chamber 1, where it is enriched with atmospheric oxygen and freed from associated gases. To control the pressure in the feed water supply system, a pressure gauge is used. The water enriched with air enters the coagulation chamber 4, where it is located for about 60 minutes. to complete the processes of oxidation, destruction, crystallization and coagulation. Then the water is sent to the second coagulation chamber 5, where the deposition of contaminant particles continues. The conical bottoms of chambers 4 and 5 are provided with lockable holes to remove accumulated sediment.

After achieving the desired effect, the system using hydraulic valves and gates (not shown in the drawing) switches to pumping water into the pressure filter 6 to remove sediment (mainly iron-containing). To control the water pressure in the pressure filter 6, a second pressure gauge is used. Filter 6 operates in automatic mode, the duration of the filter cycle and regeneration are set on the basis of controlled indicators. The purified water is sent to a clean water storage device 7, from which it is supplied to the consumer.

As the pressure filter 6 is contaminated, it is flushed. Flushing water is supplied from the clean water tank 7 by means of a pump and a check valve (not shown). Dirty water after flushing is drained through a hydraulic valve.

If the treated water is consumed slowly or when it is stored for a long time in a clean water storage device 7 in order to prevent the growth of microbes in stagnant zones, which reduces the sanitary and hygienic quality of water, the water treatment plant provides for the treatment of water in a clean water storage device 7 with ozone. For this, the water in the accumulator 7 is enriched with an ozone-air mixture using a cavitator located inside the accumulator 7, an ejector 9, an ozonizer 8, circulating through the pipeline for 5-10 minutes. The circulation is provided by the pump 10. You can use any cavitator known from the prior art, including the cavitator according to the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2228916, which provides a high degree of dispersion of water and gases. After processing with the ozone-air mixture, the decomposition unit of residual ozone 13 is turned on to remove excess ozone so that the concentration of residual ozone is not more than 0.3 mg / L.

Unlike the prototype, the inventive installation contains an additional line for the purification of water from organic substances, including a sorption-filter element 14. With a high content of oxidation-resistant organic substances in the initial water, it is in the accumulator 7 that those organic substances ultimately accumulate formed as a result of slow oxidation of the original fulvic and humic acids and their derivatives under the influence of cavitation, oxygen and ozone. The most effective and environmentally friendly way to remove them is adsorption. From a clean water tank 7, water with impurities of residual organic substances is fed to a sorption-filter element 14, where these impurities are predominantly absorbed by activated carbon — CarbonutWT grades, for example, CarbonutWT D816 coconut charcoal with 8 × 16 mesh USS granules with a specific surface area of 1100 m ² / g, 99% strength). Cartridge cartridge type 1 m high, 200 mm in diameter, easy to insert and remove. At the input and output of element 14 there are two valves that allow you to adjust the rate of sorption-filtration or to exclude the cartridge from the process chain. The water purified in the sorption-filtering element 14 enters the pressure filter, and from it to the accumulator 7. This arrangement of the additional line is economical, not energy-consuming. Coconut shell activated carbon has a high adsorption capacity and high mechanical strength. After the cartridge is contaminated, it is replaced with another, and the contaminated adsorbent is regenerated under special technological conditions with water vapor.

Similarly to the installation according to patent No. 122086, if it is necessary to transport the station, water from all its nodes is removed through drain valves and discharged from the pumps after depressurization of the flanges specified in the operating instructions. Before transportation, the reliability of the fastening of the equipment is checked, if necessary, the fasteners are tightened. Lifting and moving the station is carried out using collapsible rigging brackets with a diameter of 25 mm, each of which can withstand a load of 2 tons.

The utility model is industrially applicable. The device has been successfully tested in production conditions, which showed a high degree of water purification from organic pollutants of natural and technogenic origin. The advantage of the claimed station for water purification is mobility, long-term preservation of high sanitary and hygienic indicators of the quality of purified water at low cost, the ability to purify natural waters with a high content of organic substances. The device has been tested and successfully used in wells in shift camps in the north of the Tomsk Region, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug.

Claims (8)

1. A small-sized water purification station, including a water purifier, mounted in a container-type box made of sheet steel, and containing an inlet strainer with a valve, an oxidation chamber, inside which a water level meter is installed, which interacts with an on / off device supply of source water when it reaches the lower or upper predetermined levels, respectively, and a cavitator located above the upper predetermined water level; containing an ejector and a pump connected by pipelines with a cavitator to the circulation circuit; containing a pressure filter, two coagulation chambers connected in series by the pipeline, the first of which is connected to the oxidation chamber, and the second through the second pump and non-return valve - to the pressure filter, a clean water storage tank connected directly to the pressure filter by the pipeline and, in addition, to rinse the pressure filter, connected to it through a third pump and a second check valve; containing a second water level meter and a second cavitator located above the upper predetermined level installed inside the clean water storage device; comprising a second ejector and a fourth pump, connected by pipelines with a second cavitator to the circulation circuit; containing an ozonizer, a power supply for the ozonizer, an air purification filter to which the ozonizer is connected, a residual ozone decomposition unit connected to the clean water storage device, and two pressure gauges, one of which serves to control the pressure in the source water supply system, and the other for control of water pressure in the pressure filter; in addition, the floor of the block box is made with holes for draining water from all tanks and draining dirty wash water, the tanks are equipped with appropriate valves to ensure drainage, and the pressure filter has a hydraulic valve; in addition, outside the block box, the water treatment station is equipped with a water tap connected via a third check valve and a fifth pump with a clean water storage device, characterized in that the water treatment plant further comprises a sorption-filter element with a cartridge of granular activated carbon, mainly from a coconut shell, the inlet of which is connected by a pipe to a clean water storage tank, and the outlet, also by a pipe, is connected to a pressure filter, and additionally contains valves installed and appropriate conduit to the inlet and outlet sorption filter element. 2. A small-sized water treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxidation chamber and coagulation chambers have a cross section in the form of an ellipse. 3. A small-sized water purification station according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxidation chamber is equipped with a float valve and an overflow line located above the level of water retention by the float valve. 4. Small-sized water treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, to increase its compactness, the pumps are mounted on containers corresponding to their location. 5. A small-sized water treatment station according to claim 1, characterized in that the floor and walls of the block box are insulated, for example, with a mineral plate covered with a galvanized sheet. 6. Small-sized water treatment station according to claim 1, characterized in that the doors of the block box are double-winged. 7. A small-sized water purification station according to claim 1, characterized in that the roof of the block box is equipped with mounting loops to provide lifting and lowering of the block box during transportation. 8. The small-sized water treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a microcontroller for automatically controlling the operation of the water treatment plant.

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