RU141216U1 - LIGHT-TRANSPARENT BLOCK FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RUNNING WEAPONS - Google Patents

Abstract

A translucent protective block containing a double-glazed unit fixed in a metal casing with a sealant, consisting of at least two triplexes, characterized in that the triplex is a gluing: the front layer is made of high-strength hexagonal optically transparent elements, for example, ceramic glasses connected to each other side walls in a row, the middle layer is a gluing of rectangles of optically transparent elements with an aspect ratio of 1: 2, connected to each other by side walls in dynes row, and the third layer is made of a polycarbonate sheet and is spaced from the middle layer at a distance equal to the length of 1.5-2 small arms bullets and the inner surface of polycarbonate glued transparent polymer film.

Description

The utility model relates to means of protection against bullets and fragments and can be used both for the protection of stationary objects and in vehicles, such as automobile windows, to protect against small arms bullets.

Currently, the urgent task is to create protective devices against the bullet impact of small arms with the smallest possible overall mass characteristics. As a rule, armored barriers are a two- or multilayer composite structure.

It is widely known that in the classic version, safety bulletproof glass is a package of ordinary silicate glasses glued together with a polyvinyl butyral film. In some embodiments, instead of a film in the middle of the package or inside it (from the side facing the personnel), a layer of transparent plastic, for example, plexiglass, is used. In this case, special transparent adhesives are used for gluing it to the glass.

Known impact-resistant multilayer product of structural optics (patent RU No. 1802597, IPC F41H 5/04), containing an outer plate of silicate glass with a thickness of 5 mm, adhesive layers of polyvinyl butyral film, a plate of a power block of silicate glass with a strength of 50-100 kg / mm coated on them with a protective polymer layer with a thickness of 5-50 microns, oriented organic glass with a thickness of 1-2 mm.

The disadvantage of this impact-resistant multilayer product is that it is intended mainly to protect against sliding damaging elements, has a low protective bullet resistance, when a bullet enters an impact-resistant multilayer product of structural optics, it becomes opaque, is covered by diverging rays of cracks, which greatly complicates the possibility of observation through him.

A device for protecting the glass of an observation device is known (patent RU No. 4146, F16J 3/00, F41H 5/26 of 05.16.1997), comprising a housing with a socket, in which a cassette is installed with a packet of optically transparent elements pressed through a pressure element by a feed spring, latches, including rotary latches, interacting with the transparent element when it is located in the visibility range of the observation device in front of its forming optical system, and a device for removing the transparent element from the visibility zone, the slot with the cartridge is located in front of the forming to it by the optical system of the monitoring device coaxially with it, the rotary latches are pressed to the last from the side of the supply spring by the transparent element with springs with a total force exceeding the force of the supply spring, and gaps are provided between the planes of the transparent elements in the cassette, at least in the visibility range of the forming optical system of the device observation, while the gap closest to the rotary latches is connected to the pneumatic system with a pulsed gas supply under pressure.

The disadvantage of this device for protecting the glass of the surveillance device is that it is intended mainly to protect against sliding damaging elements and has a complex structure, it does not provide the specified class of protection for bullet resistance when a bullet enters the device for protecting the glass of the monitoring device in the field of visibility the forming optical system of the observation device, distortions arise due to diverging rays of cracks, which greatly complicates the possibility of observation through it.

The closest technical solution that can be taken as a prototype is a protective block (patent RU No. 2298, IPC 6 F41H 5/26 of 06/16/1996), containing the front, back and intermediate layers of glass enclosed in a metal frame, moreover, the front and back layers of the set are made of organic glass, and the intermediate layer is made of silicate glass in a ratio of 1: 8-12: 3-6, respectively.

A disadvantage of the known protective unit for protection against small arms is the complexity of its manufacture, low bulletproof design, and when a bullet enters the protective unit, it becomes opaque, covered by diverging rays of cracks, which makes it difficult to observe through it.

This decision was made as the closest analogue.

The objective of this utility model is to implement a technical solution that provides stable transparency of a translucent block by using the "mosaic" effect, as well as destabilizing the flight of a bullet (core) on the outer surface of the protective block.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase (maintain) the transparency of a translucent block after a bullet of small arms gets into it with a given class of protection for bullet resistance.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the translucent protective block includes a double-glazed window fixed in a metal casing with the help of a sealant, consisting of at least two triplexes: the front layer of the triplex is a gluing of high-strength hexagonal optically transparent elements (for example, glass metals) connected to each other with the other side walls in one layer, the inner layer of the triplex is a gluing of rectangles of optically transparent elements, with an aspect ratio of 1: 2, connected side by side walls in one layer, the third layer is made of a polycarbonate sheet and is removed from the inner triplex layer by a distance equal to 1.5-2 lengths of a small arms bullet

The translucent protective block is also equipped with two sealing loops - along the perimeter of the triplex and along the perimeter of the entire block.

The translucent protective unit is equipped with a distance frame filled with moisture-absorbing material located in the air gap.

Improving the effectiveness of the translucent protective block for bullet resistance is ensured by a set of individual elements fastened together along the side walls, which artificially create isolated sections of the translucent armor-proof structure that can move and cause the effect of high dynamic energy intensity when exposed to a point impact.

The elements of the front surface of the translucent protective block are made in the form of a set of hexagonal tiles with a thickness determined by the ratio (RU patent No. 2112910, IPC F41H 1/02, F41H 5/04):

,

,

where: h is the thickness of the element, mm;

W is the magnitude of the energy impact, J;

σ is the strength of the material under static bending, MPa;

.k is the proportionality coefficient equal to

.

Under the influence of an energy shock of a bullet, a projectile, and a point load concentration, energy intensity is absorbed by layers of high-strength glass. The front energy-intensive layer, which is a set of optically transparent hexagonal elements, under conditions of a hard energy shock, absorbs energy in the presence of partial destruction due to the fact that individual elements of the optically transparent elements (for example, ceramic) of a hexagonal shape, having a highly dynamic energy intensity, move relative to the entire structure translucent protective block at the point of impact of a point strike of a bullet, projectile.

Selected thicknesses of the optically transparent element provide maximum operational characteristics, including survivability and bullet resistance. In the case of an increase in the energy effect on optically transparent elements, it is advisable to increase the mass of the translucent protective block (structure).

The non-affected optically transparent elements of the translucent block for protection against firearms ensure the preservation of transparency of the proposed design, i.e. task execution.

Common essential features of the known device and the claimed technical solution is the presence of a protective translucent block containing the front, back and intermediate layers of glasses enclosed in a metal frame, the outer and inner sheets of the translucent block are covered with a transparent polymer film.

In addition, a transparent polymer film ensures the elimination of fragments both outside and inside the object and maintains the maximum transparency of the block after several bullet hits. And the sealing contours and the moisture-absorbing material inside the distance frame also protect against moisture penetration and thus ensure maximum transparency of the block. Moreover, in comparison with the closest analogue, the inventive translucent protective unit ensures the preservation of transparency due to the presence of non-affected optically transparent elements, and a distance frame is installed between the layers of triplex (an air gap having a width equal to d = 1.5-2 of the length of a small bullet weapons).

The invention is illustrated in accordance with FIG. 1, where a general view of a translucent protective block is presented — an example of the use of a multilayer block that allows us to provide the main task — to ensure stable transparency of a translucent block by using a “mosaic” effect.

The protective block contains an external sheet 1 made in the form of a triplex (consisting of two glued surfaces fastened together by a polyvinyl butyral film: the front layer is a gluing of high-strength hexagonal optically transparent elements 2 (for example, ceramic glasses), connected to each other by side walls into one layer, and the inner layer is a gluing of rectangles of optically transparent elements 3, with an aspect ratio of 1: 2, connected to each other by side walls in one layer.

The outer sheet of triplex 1 and the inner sheet of polycarbonate 4 are separated by a distance frame 5.

The translucent protective block is mounted in the holder 6 by filling with sealant (not shown conditionally).

A transparent polymer film 7 is glued onto the inner surface of polycarbonate 4 to prevent splinters from entering the object, as well as to maintain maximum transparency after several bullet hits.

The action of the protective unit is as follows: bullet 8 meets the outer sheet of triplex 1, falling into the gluing of high-strength hexagonal optically transparent elements 2 (for example, glass metals), connected to each other by side walls in one layer, which contributes to the inhibition of the bullet, leads to destruction high-strength hexagonal optically transparent element 2. Under the influence of a point impact, the optically transparent element 2 is moved or destroyed, while most of the entire structure remains intact. transparency. Moreover, the indicated displacement of the individual optically transparent element 2 relative to the entire structure is greater than that of the whole structure and, accordingly, the dynamic energy consumption of the individual optically transparent elements 2 is greater than that of the whole structure. If we compare the dynamic energy intensity of rectangular tiles and hexagonal ones, then rectangular tiles have lower dynamic energy intensity, because their displacement under the influence of a point impact is less than that of hexagonal tiles. Therefore, in the case of penetration of an optically transparent element 2, the bullet is inhibited by the inner layer of triplex 1, which is a gluing of rectangles of optically transparent elements 3, with an aspect ratio of 1: 2, connected to each other by side walls in one layer, in case of penetration of rectangles of optically transparent elements 3, the inner layer of triplex 1, longitudinal and transverse waves propagating inside the optically transparent elements 3, arising in the protective unit when small arms bullet hit it further dissolved bullet trajectory. As a result, the bullet deviates from its original trajectory, turns around (“tumbles”) in the air gap 5, loses its energy, the contact area of the bullet with the inner sheet of polycarbonate 4 increases. The width of the distance frame 5 is 1.5–2 the length of the core of the small arms bullet. The air gap thus obtained causes the bullet (core) to tumble, losing energy, and the inner sheet of polycarbonate 4 provides further destabilization of the trajectory (bullet recochetting) and the bullet stops.

The proposed technical solution of the translucent protective block is a quick-change blocks that can be used both for the protection of stationary military objects and vehicles, as additional removable cassette barriers to protect personnel from small arms. Translucent protective blocks can be installed on all types of equipment sent to places of local conflict (protection of the front and side windows of trucks, buses, locomotives, wagons, etc.).

In addition, the proposed translucent protective blocks can be used in the construction of banks and other structures requiring special protection.

This design solution and the optimal characteristics of the layout of the translucent protective block obtained on the basis of a large number of experiments.

The industrial applicability of the inventive translucent protective block is confirmed by experimental tests, which showed that the use of the proposed translucent protective block ensures preservation of transparency and not damage when fired by 7.62 mm B-32 armor-piercing bullets at a firing range of 20 m.

Thus, the proposed translucent protective unit allows you to provide the necessary preservation of transparency, as well as high protective properties of objects from bullets of small arms, including large-caliber ones, by increasing the resistance and survivability of the object.

Claims (1)

A translucent protective block containing a double-glazed unit secured in a metal cage with a sealant, consisting of at least two triplexes, characterized in that the triplex is a gluing: the front layer is made of high-strength hexagonal optically transparent elements, for example, ceramic glasses connected to each other side walls in a row, the middle layer is a gluing of rectangles of optically transparent elements with an aspect ratio of 1: 2, connected to each other by side walls in dynes row, and the third layer is made of a polycarbonate sheet and is spaced from the middle layer at a distance equal to the length of 1.5-2 small arms bullets and the inner surface of polycarbonate glued transparent polymer film.

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