RU140341U1 - MICROPROCESSOR RELAY PROTECTION AND AUTOMATION SYSTEMS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Microprocessor-based relay protection and connection automation device made in a rectangular metal case, in the form of a cartridge of a unitized design, consisting of the following main units: power supply unit, current transformer unit, discrete input unit, output relay unit, warning and operator interaction with the device on the front panel of the case and the central processor unit, providing interaction between all the units included in the device in accordance with the algorithm protection system and comprising an event recorder, characterized in that the alert and operative interaction elements of the operator with the device are made in the form of a touch screen, configured to be controlled using buttons on the display screen, audio visualization elements, a setting unit and a communication element are introduced into the central processor unit USB to the front panel. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the element of audio-visualization is a speaker, configured to play a sound file when events occur for which the settings are set to play sound. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the audiovisualization element is an oscilloscope with a Comtrade oscilloscope format. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the recorder is configured to store 50 events. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the setpoint setting unit is configured to enter the settings in an interactive mode with corresponding comments. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit for setting the settings is made possible

Description

The claimed solution relates to techniques for relay protection and emergency automation and is intended for use in secondary switching circuits at substations with the necessary functions for protection, automation and signaling of 220 kV connections and for installation on panels in control cabinets located in relay rooms and panels management.

Known microprocessor relay protection and connection automation UZA-10A.2 manufactured by ENERGOMASHVIN Ukraine (technical description and operating instructions EMV.040.08.08.100.TO, 2011, published on the Internet at http://emvcorp.com /files/to_uza10a2.pdf), which is the closest solution for the purpose, taken as a prototype.

The device is made in a rectangular metal case, in the form of a cassette of a block-unified design, consisting of the following main units: power supply unit, current transformer unit, discrete input units, output relay unit, warning and operational operator interaction with the device and central processor unit, providing interaction between all the units included in the device in accordance with protection algorithms. Alerts and operational interaction between the operator and the device are located on the front panel of the device. The device can be connected to the local network via a standard connector.

A disadvantage of the known device is that it has individually designed software with its own interfaces and hardware features that require special knowledge and skills. At the same time, the burden on adjusters and operating personnel is growing, which, given the existing personnel shortage, requires advanced training and additional staff training. This leads to increased costs for staff training, commissioning, maintenance, as well as the likelihood of errors during work.

The notification and operational interaction of the operator with the device are made in the form of eight LED indicators, a liquid crystal indicator and control buttons. Alert authorities, i.e. each LED corresponds to its functional purpose: they record the operation of the protections, the appearance of a signal at the input, the health of the device and continue to glow until they are acknowledged by a button on the front panel. Five main keys are used to select operating modes and display information, as well as program the device (enter settings), providing movement in the menu in the right direction and entering the data that has been typed and unlocking the triggered LEDs. To display information in all operating modes of the device, a backlit LCD is used. That as a whole allows you to get detailed information about the current mode and statistical data, but the variety of organs and their scatter along the front panel field is not convenient enough for commissioning and operation. Further, the device is manufactured with a recorder of 8 events - short circuit currents during tripping of tripping protections and tripping times, which is insufficient for reliable operation during numerous emergency shutdowns during natural events. Also, the settings must be entered before the device is installed and connected, it is not advisable to change the settings on a working connection.

The technical result to which the utility model is directed is to provide simplicity and convenience during the commissioning and operation of the device.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the microprocessor relay protection and automation of connections made in a rectangular metal case, in the form of a cartridge of a block-unified design, consisting of the following main nodes: power supply unit, current transformer unit, discrete input unit, output relay unit, organs alerts and operational interaction of the operator with the device on the front panel of the case and the central processor unit, providing interaction between all included units in accordance with protection algorithms and containing an event recorder, warning and operational operator interaction with the device are made in the form of a touch screen configured to be controlled using buttons on the display screen, and audio visualization elements, a setting settings unit and an element are introduced into the central processor unit USB connection displayed on the front panel of the case. Moreover, the elements of audio-visualization are the speaker, made with the ability to play the sound file when events occur for which the settings are set to play sound, and an oscilloscope with the Comtrade oscilloscope format. Also, the recorder is configured to store, for example, 50 events. The unit for setting the settings is made with the possibility of entering the settings in an interactive mode with the corresponding comments, in primary values and changing the settings when the device is running. The touch display is configured to cause a flashing alarm on the screen, attracting the attention of personnel.

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by the presented structural diagram of the device.

The microprocessor-based relay protection and automatic connection device is made in a rectangular metal case, in the form of a cartridge of a block-unified design, consisting of the following main units: power supply unit 1, current transformer unit 2, digital input unit 3, output relay unit 4, warning and operational units the interaction of the operator with the device 5 and the block of the central processor 6, which ensures interaction between all the blocks included in the device in accordance with protection algorithms. The notification and operational interaction of the operator with the device are located on the front panel of the device and are made in the form of a touch screen 5. The touch screen 5 (touchscreen) is made in such a way that the control is carried out using the buttons shown on the screen and is a touch sensitive surface. The principle of operation of the display is based on the touch of its finger sensors (or other conductive object) and distinguishes between any quick touch. The touch display 5 is designed to configure and set the device settings, view measured and registered values, display the status of discrete input signals and output relays of the device, causes of accidents, as well as types of device malfunctions detected by the self-diagnosis system.

The device is powered from the converter power supply 1, which provides the necessary voltage levels for the operation of the units. Alternating current is supplied to the block of current transformers 2. The signals from the block of transformers converted to the levels required for the operation of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) are input to the block of the central processor 6, where they are processed. The device contains a block of discrete input circuits 3. The state of input discrete signals can be checked on the display in the corresponding menu item. The device comprises a block of output relays 4, for example, small-sized electromechanical relays with a short duration of action.

The block of the central processor 6 is made on a microprocessor-based element base. A block for setting the settings has been introduced into the central processor unit.

The device can be connected to a local area network via a standard USB connector (USB communication element in the CPU unit).

Audio-visualization elements, such as a speaker, through which a sound file is played when events occur for which a sound is set in the settings, are set on the circuit board of the central processor unit 6, and a built-in emergency oscilloscope with the Comtrade oscilloscope format, which records all input analog signals, discrete input / output and internal signals. The oscilloscope is additionally triggered by the following signals:

- start up protection;

- protection triggering;

- discrete input state change;

- automatic reclosure;

- manual start.

Waveforms are read using a PC and a communication cable via a serial communication channel with a USB interface on the front panel of the device.

The device contains a logger of 50 events - the last 50 records are stored, which are erased in a ring mode (the fifty-first event erases information about the first), which is sufficient for recording events a significant amount of time. All events are viewed with a time stamp.

The following events are logged:

- start-up / return of start-up protection bodies;

- operation / return of protection stages;

- change of state of input discrete signals;

- change of state of output relays

- operation / return of automation and alarm functions;

- start / stop of the emergency oscilloscope.

The operation of the device is the implementation of a specific function of relay protection, automation, circuit breaker control, alarm, etc., according to a predetermined algorithm. The main unit of the device is the central processor unit, which processes analog and discrete information. The results of measurements of currents are compared with predefined settings and when they are exceeded, signals are given for tripping, signaling or automation, followed by triggering of the output relays, generation of events and oscillography.

The results of processing the incoming information are given on the output relays, on the touch screen. The normal functioning of the device is ensured by uninterrupted power, as well as an advanced self-diagnosis system, which constantly assesses the health of the components of the device and software.

The device implements five non-directional stages of maximum current protection against interphase short circuits, which are triggered when the current of the monitored phases exceeds the setting value of the corresponding stage. When the stage starts, the time delay starts, determined by the setpoint for the response time. After a time delay, the protection is activated. The start of the protection steps is accompanied by a fixation in the corresponding events, the status of which can be viewed on the device display.

Also in the inventive device provides the following types of protection and automation:

- current protection against single-phase short circuits to the earth;

- protection against unbalanced load operation;

- automatic restart;

- backup device in case of circuit breaker failure;

Adjustment, viewing and adjustment of device parameters is carried out using the touch screen or via the front USB port using a computer with software.

Measurement, adjustment of parameters and settings in the unit for setting the settings using a computer with the appropriate software is reduced to calling up the parameters to be changed and their subsequent adjustment on the display screen. Convenience consists in setting the parameters and settings in a tabular form with the corresponding comments and tips

(перемещение на 1 пункт вправо)

(перемещение по меню на 1 пункт вниз / изменение значений в сторону уменьшения);

(перемещение на 1 пункт влево);

(перемещение по меню на 1 пункт вверх / изменение значений в сторону увеличения);

(вход в меню / подтверждение выбора / сохранение конфигурации);

(выход из меню / отмена выбора / отмена сохранения конфигурации).When measuring and adjusting device parameters, the operator communicates with the device using six control buttons displayed on the touch screen:

(move 1 point to the right)

(move down the menu by 1 item / change values in the direction of decrease);

(move 1 point to the left);

(move up 1 item in the menu / change the values in the direction of increase);

(enter the menu / confirm selection / save configuration);

(exit the menu / deselect / cancel saving the configuration).

By pressing the buttons you can navigate through the menu and configure the parameters of the devices that are displayed. The following information is displayed in the corresponding menu items:

- content of the event buffer;

- registered values of emergency conditions;

- measured values of currents and status of discrete inputs and output relays; and also the device parameters are configured:

- settings of device protections;

- parameters of transformers (transformation ratios);

- time and date.

The microprocessor device for relay protection and automation of connections is also very friendly to relay personnel. Simplified configuration of the setting unit using the configuration wizard: a step-by-step configuration with the exception of redundant parameters at each subsequent step. For example, when you enter the settings for the overcurrent trip, the permissible range is indicated and the terminal does not physically allow you to enter values outside this range. The protection settings can be changed (configuration change) when the device is running, which, after being introduced, will be loaded within tenths of a second and the device will work with the new settings, i.e. A complete reboot of the device is not required. Also, the unit for setting the settings is configured to enter parameters (for example, transformation ratio) in primary values.

In normal mode (there are no emergency situations, starts, malfunctions) STANDBY MODE - the display is off to save energy, a green rectangle is lit on the screen, or there will be a mode when the parameters of the current mode are visible on the device (load on connections in real mode - current in primary values ) The load current is shown for each phase, which is convenient for monitoring out-of-phase modes.

In the event that any protection and automation operation has occurred (action with the relay turned off), a flashing alarm appears on the screen, attracting the attention of personnel and an audible alarm, which attracts the attention of personnel not only by flashing information on the screen, but also making sounds, quite well heard at the substation. Then, when you click on the blinking part of the screen, information about the event that occurred is displayed — the type of protection that worked and the time when the event occurred.

If there were emergency shutdowns, and there were more than 1, which may be due to natural disasters or other reasons, the registrar will show all the events that the attendant did not acknowledge regardless of their number.

In order to prevent unauthorized interference with the operation of the equipment, a password of three digital characters has been entered in the device, which must be entered to exclude unauthorized access.

Simplicity and convenience during commissioning and operation are provided by a new relay protection solution using a touch screen and built-in speaker. The operator follows the proposed menu and selects the necessary options using the screen both as a means of displaying information (even connection schemes of the relay protection relay terminal), and as a means of managing settings. There is no need for additional buttons, and the built-in alarm facilitates the work when checking the settings of the operation, there is no need to even look at the screen - the device itself will inform about the operation by an audible signal).

Access to the device for reading alarm events and waveforms through the front USB port does not require special software installation on the computer - the claimed device acts as an external USB device and the necessary files are available for study and viewing. Any convenient viewer program is used to view emergency waveforms, since the applied format for saving emergency process records is the open international standard COMTRADE.

The device is easy to control, clearly, all the information stored in the device is written in a digital-alphanumeric image on its screen. For work, special training is not required other than basic training for the relay operator, it is quite simple and is interactive. Thus, all this will ensure simplicity and convenience during the commissioning and operation of the inventive device.

The enterprise has developed technical documentation for the production of the inventive microprocessor relay protection device and automation connections.

Claims (8)

1. Microprocessor-based relay protection and connection automation device made in a rectangular metal case, in the form of a cartridge of a unitized design, consisting of the following main units: power supply unit, current transformer unit, discrete input unit, output relay unit, warning and operator interaction with the device on the front panel of the case and the central processor unit, providing interaction between all the units included in the device in accordance with the algorithm protection system and comprising an event recorder, characterized in that the alert and operative interaction elements of the operator with the device are made in the form of a touch screen, configured to be controlled by buttons on the display screen, audio visualization elements, a setting unit and a communication element are introduced into the central processor unit USB output to the front panel of the case. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the audio visualization element is a speaker, configured to play a sound file when events occur for which the settings are set to play sound. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the audiovisualization element is an oscilloscope with a Comtrade oscilloscope format. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the recorder is configured to store 50 events. 5. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the unit for setting the settings is made with the possibility of entering the settings in interactive mode with the corresponding comments. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit for setting the settings is made with the possibility of entering the settings in primary values. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit for setting the settings is configured to change the settings when the device is running. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the touch display is configured to cause a flashing alarm screen to attract the attention of personnel.

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