RU139774U1 - LINEAR SUSPENSION LENGTH ROD PORCELAIN INSULATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Linear-suspended long-rod porcelain insulator, including skirts-insulators located on a rod base, the ends of which are placed in the ends and secured with a sealing solution, characterized in that the skirts have an envelope contour with angles R-7-12 mm, R- 4-8 mm, R-10-20 mm, R-3-7 mm, R-3-7 mm, the number of skirts selected is not more than 22 pcs., The ends of the rod base are made with a thickening, while the thickening to the ends of the insulator is in within 5-10% .2. The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the lead-antimony alloy is selected as the sealing solution.

Description

The utility model relates to the basic elements of electrical equipment, in particular to electrical insulators of overhead lines of distribution electric networks. It is a one-piece linear-suspended long-rod porcelain insulator designed for insulation and fastening of wires on overhead power lines, in switchgears of power plants and substations of direct and alternating currents, with a frequency of up to 100 Hz, at an ambient temperature from minus 60 ° C to plus 50 ° C in areas with an atmosphere of varying degrees of pollution (SZ).

Known insulator assembly containing a single porcelain insulator with fasteners and contact leads for connected wires. In parallel to a single porcelain insulator, at least one rod-shaped polymer insulator containing a monolithic protective rib shell and terminators is installed on its fastening elements, while the angles of inclination of the edges of the protective shell lie in the range from 2 to 60 °, and the ratio of the departure of the ribs to the distance between the bases of the ribs lies in the range from 0.4 to 1.5, and the distance from the tip to the first rib is not less than 0.4 departure of the ribs (patent RU No. 26158, IPC H01B 17/00).

However, the use of a porcelain and polymer insulator located in parallel in one node leads to a complication of the structural part and, as a result, the cost of this node in mass production.

A long-rod insulator is known, consisting of a base with ribs on the side surface, the ends of the base are placed in the terminators and secured with a hardened sealing solution (http://www.kaleinsulator.com/docs/Kale-04.2-Long-RodInsulatorsRU.pdf)

However, the presented long-rod insulators for overhead power lines are designed for a maximum voltage of 36 kV and have a maximum leakage path of 900 mm with a maximum insulation length of 545 mm, which does not allow their use in high voltage networks of 110 kV.

A number of long-rod porcelain insulators are known, consisting of a base with skirts of different diameters and shapes. The ends of the base are placed in the terminators of various types of “nest”, “pestle” (http: //www.bester54.rLi/ne/vs/index.php? Type'show & id: 433).

In order to increase the resistance to pollution, in the majority of designs of the presented porcelain insulators, a variable overhang of the ribs was used, in which the difference between the protruding adjacent ribs is important during precipitation, atmospheric pollution, in order to avoid breakdown of the insulator between the ribs, which complicates the process of their production.

Closest to the claimed is a porcelain hanging rod insulator, which includes a porcelain body and metal steel cups (terminators). worn on both ends of the porcelain body of the insulator. The porcelain insulating body consists of a rod base and insulator skirts, insulator skirts are worn on the rod base, their outer surfaces are spherical or flat, their inner surfaces are flat, and the vertical section of the insulator skirts is round; the design of a porcelain hanging rod insulator is an alternation of large and small insulator skirts; a set of skirts-insulators is concentrically strung on a horizontally located rod base; in this case, a groove is formed between adjacent skirts-insulators; the porcelain body of the insulator is molded and then sintered to form a solid part; the diameter of the core of the insulator is from 50 to 100 mm. A special buffer layer is created between the porcelain body of the insulator and the metal steel cups (terminators) due to the use of a cementitious binder. The porcelain body of the insulator is made of high-strength porcelain. The design of the insulator also includes breakdown-resistant ball joints worn on the insulator (CN application No. 201233770 U, IPC H01B 17/02).

In the presented porcelain pendant rod insulator, a variable overhang of ribs is also used. When using different diameters of the skirts-insulators, in order to maintain the corresponding length of the leakage nougat, it is necessary to increase the number of skirts and / or their diameter, which will lead to an increase in the building length and / or their mass.

The objective of the claimed utility model is the creation of a solid linear-suspended long-rod porcelain insulator of voltage class not less than 110 kV.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the dielectric strength of the insulator and its mechanical characteristics, increase the reliability of operation of insulators in atmospheric and industrial pollution.

The specified technical result is achieved by that. that in a linear-suspended long-rod porcelain insulator. including skirts-insulators located on a rod base, the ends of which are placed in the okontsevagely and secured with a sealing solution, according to the decision of the skirts have an envelope contour with angles R ₁ - 7-12 mm. R ₂ - 4-8 mm, R ₃ - 10-20 mm, R ₄ - 3-7 mm. R ₅ - 3-7 mm, the number of skirts selected is not more than 22 pcs., The ends of the rod base are made thickening, while the thickening to the ends of the insulator is in the range of 5-10%.

As a sealing solution, a lead-antimony alloy was selected.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, in FIG. 1 - shows the core base with skirts, in FIG. 2 inventive insulator assembly with terminators.

Where

1 - rod base;

2 - insulator skirt (ribs);

3 - terminal;

4 - a support plate;

5 - seal gel solution (putty);

6 - seat (nest);

R ₁ is the bending radius of the outer part of the skirt insulator to the core base;

R ₂ is the bending radius of the inner part of the skirt-insulator to the core base;

R ₃ is the bending radius of the outer part of the skirt-insulator to the extreme point of departure of the ribs;

R ₄ is the bending radius of the surface of the extreme point of departure of the ribs;

R ₅ is the bending radius of the inner part of the skirt-insulator to the extreme point of departure of the ribs;

R ₆ is the bending radius of the core base to the ends;

R ₇ is the bending radius of the ends of the rod base;

α is the angle of inclination of the outer part of the skirt insulator;

β is the angle of inclination of the inner part of the insulator skirt.

The utility model contains a rod base (1), in the form of a porcelain insulating body, the ends of which are placed in the ends (3) and secured with a sealing solution (5). The insulating body is a ribbed solid porcelain rod made of electrical porcelain with enhanced electrical and mechanical characteristics. On a core basis (1), insulator skirts (ribs) (2) are located, which are a molded integral element. Skirts-insulators (2) are located in an inclined plane at the same distance from each other and have the same diameter. The skirts along the entire length have an envelope contour with a drop-shaped form of the extreme point of departure of the rib. The lower extreme point of the bend of the skirt is located directly above the start of the bend of the underlying skirt. Features of the configuration of the shape of the skirt provides increased resistance to pollution, the ability to self-clean the floor by rain and snow, as well as an increase in the creepage distance, without increasing the height of the insulated part of the insulator, which allows the insulator to be operated in areas with any pollution conditions. Moreover, the ratio of the creepage distance to the insulated part is more than 3.1. Okontsevatsl (3) is a glass made using high-strength cast iron, steel and aluminum, with a device for attaching the wire to the insulator and insulator to the support of the overhead power line. As the connecting element, the upper and lower terminal of the "socket" type are used. In order to increase corrosion resistance, the surface layer of the terminators (3) is covered with a protective layer using the galvanic galvanizing method. The internal dimensions of the terminal (3) allow you to put it on the ends of the rod base (1) and are made with a thickening (increased diameter). The fasteners (3) are fastened to the rod base (1) using a sealed sealing solution (5) of the lead-antimony alloy. Between the rod base (1) and the terminal (3) a support plate (4) made of lead alloy is placed. The design of the insulator allows you to provide mechanical tensile strength of 260 kN, which allows you to use it with high ice and wind loads.

For the manufacture of insulators used electrotechnical porcelain, which is an artificial material.

Semi-finished porcelain products are made from a pasty or liquid mass. The following components are raw materials for porcelain production:

- clay substances 40-60%;

- thinning materials 20-30%;

- feldspar or pegmatite 20-30%.

After pressing, the porcelain core is calcined in batch or continuous furnaces. Products are placed in capsules or ceramic whatnots.

The firing temperature has a profound effect on the mechanical properties of porcelain. Firing ends at a temperature of 1320 ° C ... 1360 ° C. Burnt porcelain in kink is a dense stone-like material of white color. After visual inspection, the fired insulators are sent to reinforcement, which is the process of connecting the porcelain parts of the insulator with metal fittings (okontsevageli).

The inventive insulator has the following geometric parameters:

- boundary values of the angles of the shape of the insulator R ₁ - 7-12 mm, R ₂ - 4-8 mm, R ₃ - 10-20 mm, R ₄ - 3-7 mm, R ₅ - 3-7 mm, R ₆ - 40 -60 mm, R ₇ - 3-7 mm.

- the boundary values of the angles of inclination of the skirts of the insulator α - 12-25 °, β - 5-15 °

- the number of skirts selected is not more than 22 pcs.,

- the thickening to the ends of the insulator is in the range of 5-10%.

The selected values of the angles of the shape of the insulators, including the bends of the skirts of the insulators, provide increased resistance to pollution, the ability to self-clean under the influence of rain and snow, and also increases the creepage distance without increasing the height of the insulated part of the insulator, which allows the insulator to be operated in areas with any pollution conditions. In addition, the selected number of skirts is not more than 22 pieces. provides the optimum ratio of overall dimensions and creepage distances.

The use of electrotechnical porcelain with improved mechanical characteristics and a thickening at the ends of the insulator in the range of 5-10%, together with the use of a hermetic sealing solution of lead-antimony alloy, for fastening the terminators to the rod base, provides increased mechanical strength of the insulator, which leads to its use in areas with large ice and wind loads.

The insulator was tested by an arc short circuit by the action of an alternating current arc. The arc was initiated by shunting sections of the insulator by overlapping the insulator with copper wire. The insulator has been successfully tested for arc resistance. As a result of testing, damage to the insulator was not found.

10 measurements of the dimensions of the insulator were carried out, while the average mathematical value of the creepage distance through the insulator was 3430.7 mm, which exceeds 0.903% of the set value. Size deviations within normal limits.

The insulator was subjected to an alternating voltage and tensile load of 160 kN applied simultaneously between the terminal gaps of the insulator. 6 tests for mechanical destructive force were carried out, the result was 265-303 kN. The electromechanical breaking load obtained during testing was 1.79 of the normalized breaking load. The insulator passed the test.

Tests of the insulator by atmospheric surge voltage were conducted. Tests of lightning impulse voltage of positive and negative polarity were carried out by exposure to the insulator standard lightning impulses 1.2 / 50 μs. The insulator passed the test (overlapping occurred at voltages above 600 kV).

Tests with alternating one-minute voltage of industrial frequency in the dry state and in the rain, with the application of a normalized test voltage of 230 kV to the insulator. The insulator passed the test (at a voltage of 230 kV, there was no overlap or damage).

The insulator was subjected to thermomechanical performance tests by conducting four 24-hour cooling and heating cycles with a simultaneous tensile load held between 60% and 65% of the prescribed mechanical breaking force. The insulator passed this test (there was no mechanical failure of the insulator).

The insulator was tested for heat resistance by alternating the heating and cooling cycles of the insulator together with the fittings, 3 times in succession in a bath with hot and cold water. Then, the insulator was subjected for 1 min to a mechanical load equal to 80% of the normalized mechanical breaking load. The insulator passed the test (there was no mechanical failure of the insulator).

The axial, radial and angular displacements of the insulator were checked. When the insulator rotated 360 °, the axial deviation did not exceed 1.2%, the angular deviation of the insulator was 2.5 °, which is normal.

Permeability tests were conducted in which fragments of the insulator were exposed to a 1% solution of fuchsin in alcohol under pressure. Then the fragments were removed from the solution, dried and again broken. When examining the surfaces of the faults, no traces of the penetration of the dye were found.

The metal part (galvanic coating) of the insulator was examined in order to determine the quality of the metal coating using the magnetic method. It was determined that the coating adheres quite firmly to the metal part, without peeling and peeling, and ensures the normal operation of the insulator.

The safety system was checked, in which the corresponding valves were examined, the protection, the valve position and the functionality test were checked. When testing the functionality, the valve under the thrust force is moved from the safety position to the connection position. The test was carried out three times, the average value of traction and amounted to 174 N, which corresponds to normalized values.

The isolator has been tested successfully. All dimensional indicators, mechanical, physical characteristics of the insulator comply with the established requirements.

In addition, a 1240 mm long porcelain insulator uses a connecting element with a socket of size 20 according to IEC 120, which distinguishes it from insulators of this length according to the international table of standards IEC 60433.

Table 1 below shows the technical specifications of the insulator.

Table 1 No. Options Requirements one Air pollution no less than III with a repeatability of 10-15 years of dusty salt storms from salt lakes (Baskunchak Island) 2 RKU on ice and wind IV and above 3 Life time not less than 40 years four average annual failure rate must not exceed 0.000005. 5 Reduces interference on TV and radio signals No more than 30 db 6 Warranty period 5 years 7 Upper and lower terminators Socket-Socket 8 IEC Socket Size twenty 9 Production material S-130 10 Mechanical strength Not less than 160 kN eleven. Min nominal creepage distance 3400 mm 12 Total insulator length 1240 mm 13 Big skirt diameter Up to 190 mm fourteen Withstand voltage with wet insulation 230 kV fifteen Impulse withstand voltage 550 kV

The inventive insulator:

- not subject to electrical breakdown;

- unlike garlands of plate insulators, it does not need to be replaced during operation, which eliminates the need for inspections and repair work, including under voltage;

- annual damage does not exceed 10 ^-7 ;

- has high resistance to deliberate destruction;

- Porcelain insulating flies highly resistant to chemically aggressive emissions of industrial enterprises;

- not subject to electrocorrosion;

- It can be reliably and efficiently operated in areas with any pollution conditions, which is recommended in chapter 1.9 of the EMP.

Claims (2)

1. Linear-suspended long-rod porcelain insulator, including skirts-insulators located on a rod base, the ends of which are placed in the ends and secured with a sealing solution, characterized in that the skirts have an envelope contour with angles R ₁ - 7-12 mm, R ₂ - 4-8 mm, R ₃ - 10-20 mm, R ₄ - 3-7 mm, R ₅ - 3-7 mm, the number of skirts selected is not more than 22 pcs., The ends of the rod base are made with a thickening, while the thickening to the ends of the insulator is in the range of 5-10%. 2. The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the lead-antimony alloy is selected as the sealing solution.

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