RU139499U1 - TENT OF A MOBILE EDUCATIONAL COMPLEX FOR EDUCATION OF POPULATION IN THE FIELD OF CIVIL DEFENSE AND PROTECTION AGAINST EMERGENCY SITUATIONS IN DIFFICULT REGIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The tent of a mobile training complex for training the population in the field of civil defense and emergency protection in hard-to-reach regions, transported in a vehicle, characterized in that the tent contains a fabric awning forming a roof, side walls and end walls with an opening for entry, floor and an internal collapsible frame of several sections, each of which consists of racks and connecting arches with side bends, and the sections are connected by longitudinal racks, which are fixed in the side bends connecting arches, and the lower posts of the frame are inserted with the lower ends into the sockets made in the floor of the tent for fixing the frame, while the lower ends of the sections of the frame are additionally fixed with longitudinal and transverse connections, with windows and ventilation holes for the air conditioning system located on the walls of the tent, and a hole for the chimney of the heating system is made in the roof, and a material comprising an intermediate layer of linen polyester fabric is used as the fabric tent material weave and double-sided polyvinyl chloride coating, while the polyester fabric is made of threads of linear density 15 ÷ 36.2 tex with the number of threads per 10 cm on the basis 130 ÷ 280, weft 120 ÷ 260, and the mass ratio of polyester fabric: polyvinyl chloride are within 1 : 2.8 ÷ 1: 4.2. The tent according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a fabric tent, and the material reflecting infrared radiation and containing a textile base, metallized and microporous membrane layers is additionally used as fabric tent material,

Description

The utility model relates to the means necessary for training and informing the population in the field of civil defense and emergency protection in remote areas and in remote regions of the country.

The closest technical solution to the technical nature and the achieved result is a tent for a mobile training complex for training the population in the field of civil defense and emergency protection, described in the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 95157, dated 10.06.2010 (prototype), which is designed for training of the population in the field of civil defense and emergency protection in remote areas in the absence of other educational facilities and educational facilities, as well as in areas with violated conditions living. It includes equipment and property to support the training process and a GA3-2705 vehicle for the delivery of equipment and instructors. [one]

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is that the tent in the known complex (according to the prototype) is not equipped with air conditioning systems, the shape of its frame is relatively unstable, and the material is relatively unstable.

A technically achievable result is an increase in the durability of the tent structure due to the fact that the shape of the tent frame does not allow it to collapse, and the material is durable and does not delaminate.

This is achieved by the fact that the tent for a mobile training complex for training the population in the field of civil defense and emergency protection in hard-to-reach regions transported in a vehicle contains a fabric tent that forms the roof, side walls and end walls with an opening for entry, floor and an internal collapsible frame of several sections, each of which consists of racks and connecting arches with side bends, and the sections are connected by longitudinal racks, which are fixed in the side bends x connecting arcs, and the lower frames of the frame are inserted with the lower ends into the sockets made in the floor of the tent for fixing the frame, while the lower ends of the sections of the frame are additionally fixed with longitudinal and transverse connections, with windows and ventilation holes for the air conditioning system located on the walls of the tent, and a hole for the chimney of the heating system is made in the roof, and a material comprising an intermediate layer of linen polyester fabric is used as the fabric tent material weave and double-sided polyvinyl chloride coating, while the polyester fabric is made of threads of linear density 15 ÷ 36.2 tex with the number of threads per 10 cm on the basis of 130 ÷ 280, weft 120 ÷ 260, and the mass ratio of polyester fabric: polyvinyl chloride is within 1 : 2,8 ÷ 1: 4.

Figure 1 presents a perspective view of a mobile training complex, figure 2 shows a deployment diagram of a mobile training complex, figure 3 is a General view of the tent, equipped with air conditioning systems, figure 4 is the structure of the tent tent material, figure 5 - the structure of the multilayer material providing high thermal insulation properties of the object and masking from detection by infrared radiation detectors is given; figure 6 shows the change in reflectivity of the multilayer material compared with conventional fabric tent material; Fig.7 shows the dependence of the conductivity of polyamide fabric art.5369 on the time of deposition of metal on it.

A mobile training complex for training the population in the field of civil defense and emergency protection in hard-to-reach regions contains a vehicle 1 of a mobile training complex, for example, based on the GA3-2705 car, a special frame 2 and a device for placing mobile complex equipment, a work table with a cabinet 3 , places 4 for accommodating the calculation of a mobile training complex, an electric gasoline unit 5, connecting wires 6, a rack with a searchlight for a mobile lighting system 7, a tent 8 , canopy 9, portable computer 10, system for testing (11, remotes for testing system 12, ultraportable multimedia projector 13, sliding screen 14, wireless portable speaker system 15, TV 16, multimedia player 17, robot simulator for rendering the first help 18, individual dressing bag IPP 19, first aid kit 20, for example AI-2, individual anti-chemical bag 21, for example IPP-11, sanitary bag 22, - set of transport tires 23, transport collar KShVT 24, medical stretcher 2 5, a protective camera for children 26, a respirator 27, for example, type Р-2, a gas mask 28, for example, type GP-7, a gas mask for children 29, for example, type ПДФ-2Д, a protective hood 30, for example, type "Phoenix", a cotton-gauze bandage 31 , protective clothing set 32, lightweight protective suit 33, for example, type L-1, air-foam fire extinguisher 34, for example type OVP-4, powder fire extinguisher 35, for example type OP-2, carbon dioxide fire extinguishers 36, for example type OU-2, table folding 37, folding chair 38, stand with posters 39, travel mat 40.

A mobile training complex for training the population in the field of civil defense and emergency protection is used as follows.

To transport the equipment and property of the mobile training complex, the GA3-2705 car is used. The equipment and property of the mobile training complex fits into a special frame 2 and a work table with a pedestal 3, which are attached to the body of the base car at the standard mounting points provided by the manufacturer. The advantage of the design of the special frame is the ability to fix the equipment and property of the mobile training complex 1 for safe transportation.

Features of the use of a mobile training complex are as follows. The vehicle advances to the area of classes. Upon arrival of the vehicle, two training places unfold:

training place No. 1 for conducting theoretical classes and testing;

training place No. 2 for practicing the practical skills of the population in emergency situations.

Thus, at least two training places are provided, one of which is intended for theoretical studies and testing, is located in tent 8 and is equipped with stand-alone projection multimedia equipment, a sliding screen, a laptop computer, a wireless portable speaker system, a radio microphone, and another, designed to develop the practical skills of the population in emergency situations, is deployed under two hinged awnings 9 and is equipped with training rami and means of protection of the population in emergency situations.

Then, the power supply system 6 and lighting 7 are deployed and the gasoline electric unit 5 is launched. The mobile training complex allows, independently, up to 6 hours to conduct training using electronic means, i.e. without using external sources of electrical energy. There is the possibility of connecting equipment to external power supply networks, as well as using your own power supply source.

Study place No. 1 is intended for theoretical studies and testing is deployed in a portable tent 8 and includes: a portable computer 10, a system for testing 11, remote controls for the testing system. 12, an ultra-portable multimedia projector 13, a sliding screen 14, a wireless portable speaker system 15, a folding table 37, a folding chair 38, two stands with posters 39. With the help of this equipment and electronic, video materials for conducting theoretical classes and testing, the population is trained in civil defense and emergency protection and verification of theoretical knowledge.

Training place No. 2 is designed to develop the practical skills of the population in emergency situations, deployed under two hinged tents 9 and includes: a TV 16, a multimedia player 17, a robot simulator for first aid 18, an individual dressing pack IPP 19, AI first aid kit -2 20, individual anti-chemical package IPP-11 21, sanitary bag 22, set of transport tires 23, transport collar KShVT 24, medical stretchers 25, protective camera for children 26, respirator 27 type R-2, gas mask 28 type GP-7, gas mask for children, type 29 PDF-2D, protective hood "Phoenix" 30, cotton gauze bandage 31, a set of protective clothing 32, lightweight protective suit L-1 33, air-foam fire extinguisher OVP-4 34, powder fire extinguisher OP-2 35, carbon dioxide fire extinguishers OU-2 36, folding table 37, folding chairs 38, stand with posters 39, travel mat 40. Using this equipment and video materials for practical exercises, practical skills in providing first aid, transportation of injured are used, used I personal respiratory protection and skin treatment with fire extinguishing agents and act in emergency situations.

Signal loud-speaking system provides audio transmission of information. TV 16 with a multimedia player 17 or laptop 10 allows you to transmit video and audio information. This additionally allows you to bring information to a significant number of people in places of classes.

The tent (figure 3) contains a roof 41, side wall 42, floor 43, door 44, windows 45, ventilation openings 46. The tent frame includes straight tubular racks 47, connecting arches 48 with one or two side bends 49 and longitudinal racks 50. The hole for the chimney and the socket in the floor for fixing the lower ends of the struts of the frame (or additional longitudinal and transverse ties) are not shown in the drawings. If necessary, for greater wind stability, the tent can be additionally equipped with cable ties, traditionally used for such structures (not shown in the drawing). On the walls of the tent there are windows and ventilation openings for the air conditioning system (not shown in the drawing), and a hole for the chimney of the heating system (not shown in the drawing) is made in the roof.

The advantages of the tent are the rounded shape of the tent frame, which does not allow rain water or snow to accumulate on the roof of the tent, which would inevitably lead to the destruction of the structure. In tents with a broken form of the frame, in the place where the roof and side wall meet, a recess inevitably remains on the roof panel, in which water begins to accumulate. The more water, the more the awning on the roof sags and the more water is poured into it again until the skeleton is destroyed.

The tent tent material (Fig. 4) consists of a polyester fabric 51 taken as a base and layers of polyvinyl chloride 52 and 53 applied respectively to the front and back sides of the polyester fabric 51. The base fabric 51 is made by weaving the polyester multifilament linen using the linen method 54. Polyester the fabric is made of threads with a linear density of 15.6-36.2 tex, with the number of threads per 10 cm on the basis of 130-280, weft 120-260, while the mass ratio of the polyester fabric and polyvinyl chloride coating is: 1: 2.8 ÷ 1: 4. The advantage of the tent material proposed for use consists in reducing the weight of 1 m, changing the weight ratio of polyester fabric: polyvinyl chloride, and also due to the deep diffusion of polyvinyl chloride into the polyester fabric, the bond between the coating and the substrate is ensured and the delamination of the material during operation is prevented. The table shows the comparative characteristics of the proposed tent material (column 4), and the currently widely used tent material for vehicles (GOST 2911-91: "Awning materials with polyvinyl chloride coating"), which is made of polyester fabric with plain weave of warp threads having high linear density, and therefore greater weight and lower tensile strength.

No. The name of indicators Material one 2 3 four one Weight 1 m ² , gram, not more 900 600 2 Breaking load, N. not less than in the longitudinal direction in the transverse direction 100-750 1010-740 3 Elongation at break,% in longitudinal direction in 10-40 10-30 transverse direction 20-50 20-50 four Tear resistance, N, not less In the longitudinal direction 300 80 In the transverse direction 300 70 5 Hardness SN, no more In the longitudinal direction thirty thirty In the transverse direction twenty twenty 6 Frost resistance, ° C, no more -45 -45 7 Lightfastness, points, not less four four 8 Water permeability, g, not less 24 24 9 Flammability, mm / s, no more 1,66 1,66 10 The mass ratio of polyester: polyvinyl chloride in the range 1: 1.5-1: 2.75 1: 2.8-1: 4

The process of installing and disassembling the tent of the proposed design is carried out in the following order.

First, separate sections of the frame are assembled, which are then interconnected by longitudinal racks. A fabric awning is pulled onto the formed frame, which can be additionally fastened with cable ties. Then, heating and air conditioning systems are installed, which are selected depending on the region and climatic conditions in the area where the population is trained.

Dismantling the tent is carried out in the reverse order.

In the manufacture of the frame by changing the length of the longitudinal or transverse racks, the dimensions of the tent (length, width and height) can easily be changed depending on the number of students.

The advantage of using the technical training tools presented in the mobile training complex is the sufficiently bright and clear image projection scale, the possibility of up to 6 hours of autonomous (without connecting to electrical sources) work.

Application features of the developed mobile training complex are as follows. The proposed complex can be advanced independently or, if necessary, by rail (river, sea, air) transport to the designated locality (remote area) of any constituent entity of the Russian Federation, where there are no other educational facilities and educational material base of a unified system of population education in the region civil defense and emergency protection or to an area with disturbed living conditions after a large-scale emergency. situation or natural disaster. Upon arrival of the complex at the designated point (district), the necessary equipment and technical training facilities are put in ready for use (if necessary, the equipment is connected to external power supply networks or a gasoline electric unit), classes on civil defense and emergency protection are held with the appropriate population .

After the end of classes, technical training facilities are turned off, equipment is rolled up and laid down; the mobile training complex is brought into a transport position and moved to another designated area for classes or to a place of permanent deployment. At present, a prototype of a mobile training complex has been created and trial operation is underway. It is planned to use it to provide a mobile training method in the preparation of the population in the field of civil defense and protection against emergency situations of a natural and man-made nature.

The tent tent material (Fig. 5) additionally contains a multilayer material that attenuates the thermal radiation of a biological object and reflects infrared radiation.

The structure of the multilayer material is represented by the following layers (figure 5):

55 - polyester textile material with water-repellent impregnation protects the biological object from precipitation in the form of rain and snow and maintains high performance properties of the material in any weather conditions. A camouflage pattern applied to a textile base can be performed in a color background that is as close as possible to the background of the environment where the object is located, which provides it with visual camouflage in the daytime.

56 - microporous membrane layer is made of thermoplastic, polyurethane resin, with a pore size of 1.3-1.6 · 10 ^-6 m, has high adhesive properties to the textile material, provides a reliable connection of the metallized layer with the textile base. The porous membrane structure of the layer allows steam to be removed to the surface of the product, i.e. natural cooling and reducing the thermal load on the biological object. The air in the micropores of the membrane layer reduces its thermal conductivity, creating an insulating airspace.

57 - a metallized layer made of titanium nitride and deposited on the material from the thermoplastic polyurethane resin at the atomic molecular level in an amount of 1-2 g / m ² , thickness up to 100 nm, provides thermal insulation and significantly reduces heat transfer and helps to reflect infrared radiation of the claimed material . Titanium nitride when applied with a thin film up to 100 nanometers thick provides the material with high insulating properties. The layer thickness depends on the time of metal deposition on the material and affects the vapor-permeable properties of the material, as well as indicators characterizing the degree of its conductivity. The longer the time of metal deposition on the material, the greater the thickness of the metallized layer and the higher the conductivity of the material. However, an increase in the thickness of the film coating, i.e. an increase in the amount of applied metal is more than 2 g / m ² , worsens the hygienic characteristics of the material, as the permeability of air and water vapor decreases. When applying titanium nitride in an amount of less than 1 g / m ^{2 the} reflectivity of the material in infrared radiation is reduced.

Thanks to such a structure, a multilayer material is well draped, has water repellent, vapor permeable and heat-shielding properties, is a heat insulator, reflects infrared radiation and, in case of using a textile base with a camouflage pattern, provides visual camouflage of the object.

Consider the characteristics of the multilayer material in the examples.

Example 1

On the reverse side of the textile material “Zashchita”, art. 3411, a fiber composition of 100% PE (polyester) with a surface density of 160 g / m ² with water-repellent impregnation and a rocky mountains camouflage coating, a porous layer of polyurethane resin with a thickness of 0.02 mm and a pore size of 1 , 57 · 10 ^-6 m and a thin layer of titanium nitride in an amount of 1.5 g / m ² , a layer thickness of 70 nm, for which the method of magnetron sputtering in high vacuum (about 5 · 10 ^-5 mm Hg) was used, realized under the mild conditions created by low-temperature plasma. The method of magnetron sputtering allows you to accurately control the thickness of the metal layer, allows you to create structures with a certain conductivity. To test the material for the reflective properties of infrared radiation, a night vision system was used, namely the Yukon NVB Viking 3.5 × 40 RX night vision binoculars (Yukon Advanced Optics®). Observation was carried out on an object dressed first in a regular camouflage suit, and then in a suit made of the claimed material in complete darkness, at an ambient temperature of + 5 ° C. In an ordinary camouflage suit, the silhouette of a person was clearly visible, and in a suit made of the claimed material, the object was practically invisible.

In addition, a study was made of the reflectivity of the fabricated multilayer material on a Spekol-11 spectrophotometer. Figure 6 presents data confirming a significant increase in the spectral reflection coefficient of the claimed material (figure 6 indicated by graph 1) compared with the material, art.80406, "Dimension", fiber composition 100% PE (polyester), surface density 220 g / m ² , manufacturer "Tchaikovsky Textile", taken for comparison (Fig.6 indicated by graph 2).

Example 2

On the wrong side of the textile material art.3456 fiber composition 100% PE (polyester), surface density 265 g / m ² intended for the manufacture of mobile shelters, according to example 1, a porous layer of polyurethane resin with a thickness of 0.02 mm and a pore size of 1, 57 · 10 ^-6 m and a thin layer of titanium nitride in an amount of 2 g / m ² , a layer thickness of 90 nm. To test the material for reflectivity, we used the FLIR 15 thermal imager (infrared camera), an optical-electronic measuring device operating in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The surface temperature of a heat-emitting object (person) coated with a multilayer material was recorded. The studies were conducted indoors at an ambient temperature of + 22 ° C. The thermal imager recorded temperature points on the surface of the object under study that did not exceed + 24 ° C.

The above examples confirm that the structure of the multilayer material has heat-insulating properties and reflects infrared radiation.

The process of installing and disassembling the tent of the proposed design is carried out in the following order.

First, separate sections of the frame are assembled, which are then interconnected by longitudinal racks. A fabric awning is pulled onto the formed frame, which can be additionally fastened with cable ties. Dismantling the tent is carried out in the reverse order.

In the manufacture of the frame by changing the length of the longitudinal or transverse racks, the dimensions of the tent (length, width and height) can easily be changed in accordance with the specific requirements of the customer.

List of sources used:

1. A mobile training complex for training the population in the field of civil defense and emergency protection. Ayubov E.N., Tarakanov A.Yu., Omelchenko M.V., Tverdokhlebov N.V. utility model patent RUS 95157 01/27/2010. Published: 06/10/2010 Bull. Number 16

Claims (2)

1. The tent of a mobile training complex for training the population in the field of civil defense and emergency protection in hard-to-reach regions, transported in a vehicle, characterized in that the tent contains a fabric awning forming a roof, side walls and end walls with an opening for entry, floor and an internal collapsible frame of several sections, each of which consists of racks and connecting arches with side bends, and the sections are connected by longitudinal racks, which are fixed in the side bends connecting arches, and the lower posts of the frame are inserted with the lower ends into the sockets made in the floor of the tent for fixing the frame, while the lower ends of the sections of the frame are additionally fixed with longitudinal and transverse connections, with windows and ventilation holes for the air conditioning system located on the walls of the tent, and a hole for the chimney of the heating system is made in the roof, and a material comprising an intermediate layer of linen polyester fabric is used as the fabric tent material weave and double-sided polyvinyl chloride coating, while the polyester fabric is made of threads of linear density 15 ÷ 36.2 tex with the number of threads per 10 cm on the basis of 130 ÷ 280, weft 120 ÷ 260, and the mass ratio of polyester fabric: polyvinyl chloride is within 1 : 2,8 ÷ 1: 4. 2. The tent according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a fabric tent, and the material of the fabric tent is additionally used a material that reflects infrared radiation, and contains a textile base, metallized and microporous membrane layers, while polyester textile is used as the textile base material with water-repellent impregnation, the metallized layer is represented by titanium nitride, and the microporous membrane layer is made of thermoplastic polyurethane resin and placed between the textile the new and the metallized layer, the titanium nitride coated on the microporous membrane layer on the atomic and molecular level in an amount of 1-2 g / m ^2, and the base fabric comprises a camouflage pattern.

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