RU138678U1 - DIAMOND IMPREGNATED DRILL BIT - Google Patents

Abstract

An impregnated diamond drill bit including a housing and a matrix reinforced with diamonds and particles of superhard nanomaterial, divided by washing channels into working sectors with incoming and outgoing parts, characterized in that the diameter of the diamond grain of the impregnated matrix layer is determined by the dependence, where d is the diameter of the diamond grain, mm; F is the breaking load on the diamond, N; P is the stamp yield strength of the rock, MPa; K is the coefficient of resistance to movement of the diamond cutter (K = 1.05 ÷ 1.15); K is the diamond shape coefficient (K = 1 for d crony diamond, K = 1.2 for ovalized diamond); h is the depth of diamond penetration, m, and the working sector of the crown in the direction of rotation is divided into incident and run-off parts in the ratio (1.3 ÷ 1.7) :( 0.7 ÷ 0.3), while the concentration of particles of superhard nanomaterial in the incident part of the sector is 10-15% higher than the concentration of particles of superhard nanomaterial in the runaway part of the sector.

Description

The technical solution relates to drilling equipment and is intended for use as diamond impregnated drill bits and bits reinforced with synthetic or natural diamonds for drilling wells.

Known diamond impregnated drill bit containing a housing and divided by flushing channels into the working sectors of the diamond-containing matrix with a uniform distribution of diamonds in the sector (see US patent 3112803, 175-329, priority 02.01.1962). The disadvantage of this drill bit is the complex manufacturing technology and the fact that during grinding there is grinding and increased wear of the crown. This leads to a decrease in the mechanical drilling speed of the crown and its premature decommissioning.

The closest analogue to the claimed technical solution is described in the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2270320, M. CL Ε21B 10/46, a drill bit including a housing and a diamond-containing matrix divided by washing channels into working sectors, the working sector of which is divided along the circumference along the rotation average radius on the run-in and run-off parts with a uniform concentration of diamonds and particles of superhard material in them, which to a certain extent eliminated the above disadvantages.

The main disadvantages of this crown design are the increased wear of the working sectors and the low mechanical drilling speed due to the irrational choice of the diameter of the diamond grain of the impregnated layer and the irrational concentration of particles of superhard nanomaterial.

The proposed technical solution is aimed at increasing the operational stability of the diamond core and its mechanical drilling speed by selecting the diameter of the diamond grain of the impregnated matrix layer taking into account the physicomechanical properties of drillable rocks and optimizing the concentration of superhard nanomaterial particles along the length of the working sector of the core matrix.

The solution to this problem is ensured by the fact that in a diamond impregnated drill bit, comprising a body and matrix reinforced with diamonds and particles of superhard nanomaterial, separated by washing channels into working sectors with oncoming and run-off parts, the diameter of the diamond grain of the impregnated matrix layer is determined by the dependence

,

,

where d is the diameter of the diamond grain, mm;

F is the breaking load on the diamond, N;

P _o - the yield stress of the rock stamp, MPa;

K is the coefficient of resistance to movement of the diamond tool (K = 1.05 ÷ 1.15);

K ₁ - coefficient of diamond shape (K ₁ = 1 for crushed diamond, K ₁ = 1, 2 for ovalized diamond);

h - diamond penetration depth, m

and the working sector of the crown in the direction of rotation is divided into the incident and runaway parts in the proportion (1.3 ÷ 1.7) :( 0.7 ÷ 0.3) while the concentration of particles of superhard nanomaterial in the running part of the sector is 10-15% higher than the concentration of particles of superhard nanomaterial in the runaway part of the sector.

Due to the fact that the diameter of the diamond grain of the impregnated matrix layer is determined by the dependence

,

,

where d is the diameter of the diamond grain, mm;

F is the breaking load on the diamond, N;

P _o - the yield stress of the rock stamp, MPa;

K is the coefficient of resistance to movement of the diamond tool (K = 1.05 ÷ 1.15);

K ₁ - coefficient of diamond shape (K ₁ = 1 for crushed diamond, K ₁ = 1, 2 for ovalized diamond);

h - diamond penetration depth, m

the limiting size of diamond grain is determined, at which a transition from elastic deformation of the rock to its destruction occurs. As a result, the possibility of polishing diamond grains is reduced, which leads to an increase in drilling productivity.

Studies carried out at Tula NISH OJSC established a condition for rock destruction by diamond (see Budyukov Yu. E. Creation and production of special drilling tools. - M., 1993. - 38 s, ill. (Techn. And technol. Geol. - reconnaissance work). Overview / Geoinformmark JSC. - bibliogr.).

where F is the breaking load on diamond N;

d is the diameter of the diamond grain, mm;

h is the penetration depth of diamond, m;

τ is the temporary resistance of the rock to destruction, MPa;

K is the coefficient of resistance to movement of the diamond tool (K = 1.05 ÷ 1.15).

It should be noted that, in a first approximation, the temporary resistance of the rock to fracture "τ" can be replaced by the value of the yield strength of the rock "Ρ _o ", which is easily found when determining the hardness of the rock on the device UMGP-3. With this in mind, we have

Given the influence of the shape of the diamond, one can write (2) in the form

F = n (dh-h ² ) KP ₀ K ₁ ,

We solve the last equation with respect to d, we obtain the expression for determining the diameter of the diamond grain

where d is the diameter of the diamond grain, mm;

F is the breaking load on the diamond, N;

P _o - the yield stress of the rock stamp, MPa;

K is the coefficient of resistance to movement of the diamond tool (K = 1.05 ÷ 1.15);

K ₁ - coefficient of diamond shape (K ₁ = 1 for crushed diamond, K ₁ = 1, 2 for ovalized diamond);

h - diamond penetration depth, m.

Thus, there are limit sizes (diameter of diamond grains) at which a transition from elastic deformation of the rock to its destruction occurs.

Due to the fact that the working sector of the crown in the direction of rotation is divided into the running and running parts in the proportion (1.3 ÷ N, 7) :( 0.7 ÷ 0.3), the concentration of superhard nanomaterial in the running part of the sector is 10 ÷ 15 % higher than the concentration of particles of superhard nanomaterial in the runaway part, the wear resistance of the running parts of the working sectors of the crown matrix increases significantly, and the wear resistance of the runaway part of the sector remains practically unchanged. This causes the crown to self-sharpen during drilling and to increase its durability and mechanical drilling speed. In this case, the crown effectively destroys the rock by the running parts of the working sectors, which have increased wear resistance compared to the running parts of the working sectors, due to this there is a gap between the matrix and the rock, through which the destroyed rock falls into the washing channels and is effectively removed from the bottomhole zone, as a result of which a high level of mechanical drilling speed occurs and is maintained.

At the same time, with the ratio of the incident and incident parts of the sector (1.3 ÷ 1.7) :( 0.7 ÷ 0.3) when the concentration of superhard nanomaterial in the incident part of the sector is less than 10%, the wear resistance of the incident part of the sector does not increase, but with concentration of superhard nanomaterial in the incident part of the sector by more than 15%, a further increase in the wear resistance of the incident part of the sector no longer occurs.

All this leads to an increase in the mechanical drilling speed and operational stability of the crowns.

The diamond impregnated drill bit is shown in FIG. 1, 2, where FIG. 1 is a general view of the crown, and FIG. 2 is a diagram of the placement of diamond grains and particles of superhard nanomaterial in the crown sector.

The diamond impregnated drill bit consists of a housing 1, a diamond-containing matrix 2 with working sectors 3, flushing channels 4, diamonds 5 and particles of superhard nanomaterial 6. In this case, a is the incident part of the sector in the direction of rotation of the crown, b is the runaway part of the sector.

A diamond impregnated drill bit works as follows: when creating axial and circumferential forces, the rock is effectively destroyed by a diamond bit due to the fact that the diameter of the diamond grain of the impregnated matrix layer is determined by the calculated dependence (3) and corresponds to the physicomechanical properties of drill rocks that the working sector 3 of the crown in the course of its rotation is divided into the running-in and the running-off 6 parts in the proportion (1.3 ÷ 1.7) :( 0.7 ÷ 1.3) while the concentration of particles of superhard nanome Methods and material 6, for example, boron nitride nanopowder in the incoming sector portion is 10-15% higher than the concentration of particles of superhard nanomaterial trailing portion in the sector. Therefore, during drilling, there is a gap in the run-down part of the sector between the matrix and the rock, through which the destroyed rock enters the flushing channels and is quickly removed from the bottomhole zone, which causes the appearance and maintenance of a high level of mechanical drilling speed.

Due to this embodiment of the diamond drill bit, the axial and circumferential forces transferred to it ensure effective destruction of the rock and the removal of its particles with minimal wear on the working part of the crown.

The technical and economic efficiency of the proposed technical solution is to increase the operational stability of the crown and the mechanical drilling speed of rocks.

The economic effect on one diamond crown with a diameter of 76 mm is 8 500 rubles.

Claims (1)

Diamond impregnated drill bit, comprising a housing and a matrix reinforced with diamonds and particles of superhard nanomaterial, divided by washing channels into working sectors with incident and runaway parts, characterized in that the diameter of the diamond grain of the impregnated matrix layer is determined by the dependence $$d=\frac{F}{\pi \cdot P_{0}K{K}_{\mathrm{one}}\cdot h}+h$$

, where d is the diameter of the diamond grain, mm; F is the breaking load on the diamond, N; P ₀ - yield stress of the rock by stamp, MPa; K is the coefficient of resistance to movement of the diamond tool (K = 1.05 ÷ 1.15); K ₁ - coefficient of diamond shape (K ₁ = 1 for crushed diamond, K ₁ = 1.2 for ovalized diamond); h is the penetration depth of diamond, m, and the working sector of the crown in the direction of rotation is divided into the running and running parts in the proportion (1.3 ÷ 1.7) :( 0.7 ÷ 0.3), while the concentration of particles of superhard nanomaterial in the running part of the sector is 10-15% higher than the concentration of particles of superhard nanomaterial in the runaway part of the sector.

Images