RU138355U1 - TRAFFIC PHOTOGRAPHY DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A portable device for photographing tracks, including a camera, light sources and a power supply for light sources, characterized in that it contains an opaque tube rigidly fastened to the camera so that the camera lens is directed inside the tube, towards its open end, while the length of the tube along the optical axis of the lens exceeds the distance of the minimum focusing distance for this camera, the front illuminator formed by a group of light sources located inside the tube g camera lens, with the main direction of the light along the optical axis of the lens and the side illuminator formed by a group of light sources arranged on a side surface inside the tube near its open end, with the main direction of light at an angle to the open end 5-45º tubusa.2 plane. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front illuminator is a matrix of LEDs having the shape of a ring. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the frontal illuminator further comprises ultraviolet radiation sources electrically connected to said power supply unit. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side illuminator is a linear illuminator, the length of which along the optical axis of the lens is several times less than the length in the transverse direction. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side illuminator further comprises ultraviolet radiation sources electrically connected to said power supply. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side illuminator is closed

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to forensics, in particular, to devices for removing traces from the scene.

State of the art

The use of photographic photography in the investigation of crimes is due to its main advantages: 1) it allows you to accurately capture the object, its condition, signs; 2) provides a quick capture of certain objects; 3) gives an adequate idea of the object depicted in the photograph; 4) a photographic image has the property of visualization and documentary; 5) there is the possibility of obtaining subtle and invisible traces, signs and other details.

The use of forensic photography in the production of investigative actions is provided for by criminal procedural law. So, in accordance with Part 1 of Art. 166 of the CPC in the course of investigative actions, among other technical means, photographing may be used. Photos as materials illustrating the expert’s opinion are attached to the conclusion and are its integral part (part 3 of article 204 of the CPC). In accordance with paragraph. 1 h. 2 Article. 82 of the CPC, material evidence that cannot be stored in a criminal case is subject to mandatory photographing.

Photographing should precede any other way of capturing information and should be carried out in accordance with the forensic guidelines. By their legal nature, photographs are documents and can be used in criminal proceedings as a source of evidence. The photographic method of fixation does not violate the state of material traces and other objects. In some cases, photographic photography can fill in the gaps in the description of facts in the protocols of the investigative examination, to reveal subtle or invisible details and signs of objects.

Forensic photography develops photographic tools, methods and techniques for detecting, recording and examining evidence. The contents of forensic photography are scientific provisions and practical recommendations on the use of photography in the investigation of crimes.

Traditionally, a conventional camera is used to photograph the tracks at the scene. With the development of technology, the usual film camera is being replaced by a digital one, where instead of the photo-chemical process of image fixing, a photosensitive matrix is used. In addition, modern photography devices have the ability to shoot video. In the future, in considering this utility model, all kinds of photographing devices will be called a camera. Digital technologies accelerate the process of fixing traces and open up great possibilities for computer processing of images, but they do not change the methods for identifying traces at the scene.

To identify traces at the scene of the accident, mechanical and chemical effects on them with special substances are used. For example, pollination of a trace with various powders (usually contrasting in color with the background of the object or luminescent, which are visible under ultraviolet light), fumigation with iodine vapor or cyanoacrylate.

There are traces that are not subject to any processing. For example, a trace formed on a dusty surface will be destroyed by exposure. Such footprints are subject only to photographing.

Photographing traces at the scene of an incident is carried out according to the rules of detailed forensic photography, always using a scale ruler. Her image should be present on the photo along with the track or object containing the tracks.

When identifying and fixing traces, the direction of illumination of objects is of particular importance. For example, an object with a glossy surface on which traces may be found should be examined under oblique lighting at an angle of 30-45 ° to the surface. Volumetric fingerprints must be photographed when illuminated with light, at a small angle (5-20 °) to the surface of the subject (p. 23, N. A. Selivanov, “The Criminalist's Reference Book”, INFRA. M 2001).

Various devices were created to improve the quality of photographs of seized traces and reduce labor costs when examining the scene of an accident.

Analogs

The patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2110952 uses a source of ultraviolet radiation, a luminescent screen, a video or camera. The trace is pretreated with a fingerprint powder, for example, dusty iron, which would have adhesive properties and not luminesce. After that, a luminescent screen is created on the back side of the object on which the trace is detected. Then the track is illuminated with ultraviolet rays and the image is fixed with a camera. The disadvantage of this invention is that it is applicable only for transparent objects. In addition, the track is not protected from external light, which limits the application of the invention.

US Pat. No. 6,485,981 describes a means for photographing fingerprints, where the surface with the trace is photographed with fluorescent paint and the light source is selected so that the wavelength and intensity ensure fluorescence of the ink. The requirement of pre-treatment of the traces and the lack of measures to protect the trail from external light imposes a restriction on the use of this tool.

From US patent No. 7050715 known portable device (Fig. 1) for imaging traces from the scene. The device consists of a video camera and, located at the edges, two sources of ultraviolet radiation. All elements are assembled in one design, equipped with a handle, which allows one operator to scan the scene of the incident without any assistance, and to achieve the optimal image with the button, adjust the level of ultraviolet radiation of each source separately. In addition, the device is equipped with protruding supports for holding the camera at a focusing distance from the subject.

The device, as well as the claimed utility model, is intended for photographing tracks and bears the greatest resemblance to it. The following features of the analogue are the same or equivalent to the features of the claimed utility model:

1. The device uses a video camera as a means of capturing the image of the tracks;

2. The camcorder is mounted on a rigid support element made in the form of a three-dimensional frame, the length of which along the optical axis of the lens corresponds to the distance to the subject plane of photography;

3. The device includes illuminators mounted on a support element, as well as a button for controlling the brightness of the illuminators;

4. The device is made in a portable portable form.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to photograph the track with exclusively directional light, such as frontal lighting, or such as oblique lighting without the use of additional devices or the organization of dimming the shooting room as a whole. Another drawback is the use of ultraviolet light illuminators only, and, in accordance with the provisions of forensic science, inspection of the scene should be carried out under illumination with visible and ultraviolet radiation (pp. 154-157. T.V. Averyanova, R.S. Belkin, Yu.G. Korukhov, ER Russian “Forensic Science” Edited by the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Professor RS Belkin. NORMA Publishing House. Moscow, 2000).

Utility Model Disclosure

The claimed utility model is a portable footprint photographing device for forensic specialists examining the scene of an incident.

The task to which the claimed utility model is directed is to expand the arsenal of technical means of photographing traces directly when inspecting the scene of an accident.

The technical result of using this utility model is to implement the process of photographing traces at the scene.

The utility model has various options, but in all cases it is characterized by the following essential features:

1. The device includes a camera;

2. The device includes an opaque tube rigidly attached to the camera so that the camera lens is directed inside the tube toward its open end, while the length of the tube along the optical axis of the lens exceeds the distance of the minimum focusing distance for this camera;

3. The device includes a frontal illuminator formed by a group of light sources located inside the tube around the lens of the camera, with the main direction of light along the optical axis of the lens;

4. The device includes a side illuminator formed by a group of light sources located on the side surface inside the tube, near its open end, with the main direction of light at an angle of 5-45 degrees to the plane of the open end of the tube;

5. The device includes an autonomous power supply unit;

6. The device is portable.

Each of the listed signs determines the receipt of the specified technical result:

- the presence of the camera provides the actual photographing;

- an opaque tube is the basis of the power structure of the device, a support element for holding the camera at a focusing distance from the track and a means of eliminating the influence of external light on the lighting conditions of the track. The tube is rigidly fixed to the camera so that the lens and the photographed object are completely covered, and the length of the tube along the optical axis of the lens exceeds the distance of the minimum focusing distance of this camera so that the trace image is sharp;

- front and side illuminators provide the choice of the optimal combination of directional track lighting;

- an autonomous power supply unit makes the device independent of the place of use;

- portable execution of the device allows you to use it in the study of the scene.

From the closest analogue described in this application, the utility model is distinguished by the following significant features:

1. The presence in its composition of an opaque tube rigidly fastened to the camera so that the camera lens is directed inside the tube toward its open end, while the length of the tube along the optical axis of the lens exceeds the size of the minimum focusing distance for this camera;

2. The presence in its composition of illuminators forming various directional lighting of photographed tracks - frontal and side illuminators.

The utility model has various designs that give the device versatility of use, improve the lighting characteristics of the tracks and thereby improve the technical result of the application.

So, in one embodiment, the front illuminator is a matrix of LEDs in the form of a ring and is located around the lens, which corresponds to the recommendation of uniform frontal illumination of the track.

In another embodiment, the side illuminator is made in the form of a linear illuminator, the length of which along the optical axis is several times less than the length in the transverse direction. As such a illuminator, a line of LEDs can be used.

One embodiment involves installing a side illuminator on a platform mounted on the inner surface of the tube, with the possibility of moving it along the optical axis of the lens. In this case, when moving the platform towards the camera, the angle of illumination by the side illuminator of the trace plane increases, and when moving towards the end of the tube decreases, which makes it possible to select the preferred mode of illumination of the trace by oblique rays.

In a preferred embodiment, to perform large-scale photography, inside the tube, in the plane of its open end, a scale ruler can be fixed, the scale of which is within the image field of the camera.

In a separate embodiment, the power supply for light sources has a brightness level control for the front and side illuminator separately to select the most optimal combination of backlight.

In order to use the device when working with luminescent substances, there is an embodiment of the device when the front and side illuminators additionally contain ultraviolet radiation sources that are electrically connected to the device’s power supply. For this option, there is a modification of the device in which the power supply has a brightness regulator for visible light sources and ultraviolet radiation sources separately.

A brief description of the drawings.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a device analogue.

Figure 2 shows a side view of a device for photographing traces. The main parts of the device are a camera 1, a tube 2, an autonomous power supply unit case 3, a light level control 4, and a connecting flange 5.

Figure 3 shows a bottom view of a device for photographing tracks. Through the opening of the tube, the lens and the frontal annular illuminator 6 located around it are visible.

Figure 4 shows a General view of the device for photographing traces. On the inner wall of the tube visible side linear illuminator 7.

Figure 5 shows the image of a fingerprint left on the mirror, obtained using a conventional camera.

Figure 6 shows the image of the same trace obtained using the claimed device.

Implementation of a utility model.

The camera 1 (see Fig. 2) is designed to fix the identified trace. The camera can be either film or digital. The camera lens can be equipped with light filters to remove traces from colored surfaces. The camera is rigidly fixed to the tube using a flange 5. If necessary, the camera can be disconnected and used to photograph other objects.

The tube 2 is made in the form of a pipe of rectangular cross section with a perpendicular base rigid from an opaque material with a matte, non-glare surface. This design of the tube eliminates the influence of external light when photographing, and also allows you to fix the camera, in accordance with the rules of forensic photography so that the optical axis of the camera’s lens is perpendicular to the plane of the trace and directed to its middle. The rectangular shape of the cross-section of the tube is not a determining condition for the device to perform its task. For example, the tube may be in the form of a truncated cone. The stiffness property of the tube can be determined not by the property of the material from which it is made, but by its design. For example, the tube may be made of corrugated deformable material with longitudinal guides installed when the device is brought into working condition. When using the camera without autofocus, the tube additionally keeps the camera at a focusing distance from the track. The length of the tube along the optical axis of the lens corresponds to the optical properties of this lens, and therefore, in order to ensure the sharpness of the image of the photographed track, it has a length greater than the distance of the minimum focusing distance of the camera used. The size of the open end of the tube allows you to photograph fingerprints and palms, and other traces of a comparable size.

The housing of the autonomous power supply 3 contains batteries for illuminators and a dimmer 4.

The front annular illuminator 6 (see Fig. 3) is mounted on the flange. The illuminator is formed of LEDs, visible and ultraviolet radiation, arranged alternately, and is designed to form frontal lighting.

Side linear illuminator 7 (see Fig. 4) is fixed on the inner surface of the tube. The side linear illuminator is formed by two lines of LEDs and serves to illuminate the object with oblique rays. One line is represented by visible LEDs, and the second by ultraviolet radiation.

The device comprises a brightness regulator for a frontal ring illuminator, a brightness regulator for a linear side illuminator, and a brightness regulator for a conventional visible light source and a brightness regulator for an ultraviolet light source. Using the light level controller 4 (see figure 2) set the required brightness level of the front visible light, front ultraviolet radiation, oblique visible light, oblique ultraviolet radiation.

The claimed device works as follows:

If a trace is found at the scene, if necessary, preparatory work is carried out to identify its image - it is treated with powders, paints, and vapors. Then the device is turned on and the lighting mode of the track is selected by the light level controller, based on the following conditions:

- type of track to be photographed (flat, volumetric);

- view of the surface on which the trace is found (matte, glossy, porous);

- type of powder (light, dark, luminescent), which processed the trace.

Having chosen the type of lighting on the lighting unit, the device is brought close to the surface on which the track is located, the camera is turned on, the track is placed in the center of the working field and the mode of the most contrasted image is selected by the light level control. If necessary, for volumetric tracks, turning the device around the longitudinal axis of the tube, select the position at which the image of the track on the display or viewfinder of the camera is the most clear and complete and photograph it.

As can be seen in the photograph obtained using the claimed utility model (see FIG. 6), the image of the fingerprint looks more contrasting and informative compared to the photograph taken with a conventional camera (see FIG. 5).

Claims (9)

1. A portable device for photographing tracks, including a camera, light sources and a power supply for light sources, characterized in that it contains an opaque tube rigidly fastened to the camera so that the camera lens is directed inside the tube, towards its open end, while the length of the tube along the optical axis of the lens exceeds the distance of the minimum focusing distance for this camera, the front illuminator formed by a group of light sources located inside the tube g camera lens, with the main direction of the light along the optical axis of the lens and the side illuminator formed by a group of light sources arranged on a side surface inside the tube near its open end, with the main direction of light at an angle 5-45º plane to open end of the tube. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front illuminator is a matrix of LEDs having the shape of a ring. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the frontal illuminator further comprises ultraviolet radiation sources electrically connected to said power supply unit. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side illuminator is a linear illuminator, the length of which along the optical axis of the lens is several times less than the length in the transverse direction. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side illuminator further comprises ultraviolet radiation sources electrically connected to said power supply unit. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side illuminator is mounted on a platform mounted on the inner surface of the tube, with the possibility of movement along the optical axis of the lens. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply has a separate brightness level control of the front and side illuminator. 8. The device according to PP.3 and 5, characterized in that the power supply has a separate brightness level controller for visible light sources and ultraviolet radiation sources. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the edge of the open end of the tube is equipped with a scale ruler, the scale of which is in the image field of the camera.

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