RU136523U1 - DISPOSABLE SELF-LIQUIDATOR OF WORKING HYDRAULIC IMPULSE PULSES IN MAIN PIPELINES - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A collapsible self-eliminator of impulses of hydraulic shock of the working medium in the main pipelines, comprising a housing hermetically sealed at the ends of the inlet and outlet flanges with a central through hole in each of them, while the outer and inner perforated cylinders are concentrically placed in the housing with the possibility of the formation of a flow cavity between them and between the outer perforated cylinder and the casing there is a void space divided into the active and reactive parts of the annular support installed in it with an axial holes in which the pistons spring-loaded on both sides are placed, and the flow cavity is divided by a radial partition into two unequal parts: a smaller direct-flow chamber at the device inlet and a larger swirl chamber at the device exit, while on the inner and outer cylinders in the volume of the direct-flow chamber, radial perforated holes are made, and in the volume of the vortex chamber on these cylinders holes are made, the axes of which are inclined at an angle α relative to the radial axis in one direction the cross section of the inner cylinder and the other side on the cross section of the outer cylinder and the angle β relative to the longitudinal axis of the device towards the entrance to the inner cylinder and the exit side on the outer cylinder, characterized in that the casing is collapsible and consists of an annular shell, permanently attached one end to the inlet flange, and the other end to the inner flange, detachably connected to the specified output flange, while intermediate elements are welded to the inlet and outlet flanges, made

Description

The utility model relates to the field of physics, namely to control and regulation systems for the pressure of liquids and gases, in particular to stabilizing devices operating during overloads, including during hydraulic shocks.

Short circuits and failures of power supply, switching switching, maintenance personnel errors, etc. phenomena can lead to accidents with violation of the tightness of the pipeline, failure of equipment and fittings.

According to operational experience, the causes of pipeline rupture in 60% of cases are hydraulic shocks, pressure drops and vibrations, about 25% are due to corrosion processes, 15% are due to natural phenomena and force majeure. According to the estimates of Russian and foreign experts, the largest breaks in pipeline systems with the most severe consequences occur due to water hammer causes.

The economic losses associated with the liquidation of the consequences of accidents in a modern city consist of direct costs for replacing the emergency section of the pipeline and restoring infrastructure (on average from 1 to 10 million rubles), losses of the transported medium (up to 30% in physical terms), indirect losses (preparation, purification and transportation of water), as well as the costs of eliminating environmental and social consequences.

Known collapsible self-eliminating pulses of hydraulic shock of the working medium in the main pipelines, containing a tubular shell, hermetically sealed at the ends of the inlet and outlet flanges with a central through hole in each of them, while the outer and inner perforated cylinders are concentrically placed in the shell with the possibility of flowing between them, and between the outer perforated cylinder and the shell - damping chambers, the latter is divided into active and reactive parts installed in it dem a friction device made in the form of an annular support with axial holes, in which pistons spring-loaded on both sides are placed, and the flow chamber is divided by a radial sealed partition into two unequal parts: a smaller co-current chamber at the device entrance and a larger swirl chamber at the exit from the device, while on the inner and outer cylinders in the volume of the direct-flow chamber, radial perforated holes are made, and in the volume of the vortex chamber on these cylinders holes are made, which are inclined at an angle α relative to the radial axis in different directions on the cross section of the inner cylinder and on the cross section of the outer cylinder and the angle β relative to the longitudinal axis of the device towards the entrance to the inner cylinder and the exit side at the outer cylinder (published application RU 2011101829, Publication date 07/27/2012)

This technical solution is the closest to the technical solution, therefore, taken as a prototype.

The purpose of the claimed technical solution (project) is to ensure trouble-free operation of pipelines and equipment of pipeline systems by damping water shocks, pressure fluctuations, vibrations and resonance phenomena that occur in pipelines, due to:

- emergency power outages and failures;

- failures of automation and control systems;

- triggering of stop valves;

- fast switching switching;

- errors of staff, etc.

At the same time, the tasks of the project are solved:

- the complete exclusion of major accidental ruptures of pipelines, failure of valves and pumping units due to water hammer, pressure pulsation and vibration;

- increase in corrosion and fatigue life of pipelines by reducing to the required level the amplitude-frequency pulsations at the operating frequencies of pumping units and during transient conditions;

- an increase in the life of pipelines (by 50-70%, taking into account accumulated wear and actual operating conditions).

The disadvantages of the prototype are the complexity of manufacturing and assembly technology and the low efficiency of damping pressure pulsations.

The technical result from the use of the claimed utility model is to increase maintainability and ease of use.

Below are the general and particular essential features characterizing the causal relationship of the utility model with the specified technical result.

A collapsible self-eliminator of impulses of the hydraulic shock of the working medium in the main pipelines contains a housing hermetically sealed at the ends by the inlet and outlet flanges with a central through hole in each of them. The outer and inner perforated cylinders are concentrically placed in the housing with the possibility of the formation of a flow cavity between them, and between the outer perforated cylinder and the housing there is a void space divided into active and reactive parts of the annular support installed in it with axial holes in which spring-loaded on both sides are placed pistons. The flow cavity is divided by a radial partition into two unequal parts: a smaller direct-flow chamber at the entrance to the device and a larger swirl chamber at the exit of the device. Perforated radial holes are made on the inner and outer cylinders in the volume of the direct-flow chamber, and holes are made on the indicated cylinders in the volume of the vortex chamber, the axes of which are inclined at an angle α relative to the radial axis in one direction on the cross section of the inner cylinder and the other side on the cross section of the outer cylinder and angle β relative to the longitudinal axis of the device towards the entrance to the inner cylinder and towards the exit to the outer cylinder. The housing is made collapsible and consists of an annular shell, permanently attached with one end to the inlet flange, and the other end to the inner flange, detachably connected to the specified output flange. Intermediate elements are welded to the inlet and outlet flanges, made with the possibility of connection with the pipeline parts, and the inner and outer cylinders in the volume of the vortex chamber have thickenings not reaching their ends with the possibility of forming an expansion chamber. The indicated inclined holes are evenly distributed on the thickenings, having a diameter less than the diameter of the radial holes in both the inner and outer cylinders in the volume of the direct-flow chamber by 1.2–4 times, with equal total throughput of all radial and total throughput of all inclined holes, the mentioned ring support divided by a transverse plane into two parts of unequal thickness, the smaller of which is facing the reaction chamber and is permanently attached to the inner perforated cylinder, and the large h st paired with a circular protrusion formed on the latter. The volume of the direct-flow chamber is at least 1/3 of the total volume of the vortex and expansion chambers, and the aforementioned angles of inclination of the axis of the holes in the vortex chamber α and β are taken in the range of 0-45 °, and an arrow pointer is made on the device’s body toward the input flange for device orientation relative to the potential source of shock pulses when installing the device in the main pipeline. The intermediate element may be made in the form of a hollow cylinder or in the form of a flange. A measuring device may be mounted on an intermediate element connected to the output flange. All parts of the device can be made of metal. The inner and outer perforated cylinders can be made of durable non-metallic materials. Parts of the damping device - ring support and pistons can be made of non-metallic materials. The housing, the inlet and outlet flanges, the outer and inner perforated cylinders, the spacer sleeve, the inner flange and the intermediate elements can be made of non-metallic materials. The housing, the inlet and outlet flanges, the outer and inner perforated cylinders, the annular shell, the inner flange and the intermediate elements can be made of a material identical to the material of the pipeline.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where: in FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an assembled device; in FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of a spacer sleeve; in FIG. 3 - longitudinal section of the inner flange; in FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section of a subassembly of the spacer sleeve with an inner flange; in FIG. 5 is a transverse section of an annular support; in FIG. 6 - straight-through chamber in the context; in FIG. 7 - radial partition; in FIG. 8 - swirl chamber, longitudinal section; in FIG. 9 is a longitudinal section of a subassembly of the outer and inner cylinders with a radial partition; in FIG. 10 is a view of Α-A in FIG. 9; in FIG. 11 - subassembly of the inlet flange with an intermediate element, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 12 - subassembly of the output flange with an intermediate element; in FIG. 13 - subassembly of the outer and inner perforated cylinders with a spacer sleeve and an inner flange; in FIG. 14 is a view I in FIG. 10; in FIG. 15 is a view B in FIG. 14 in FIG. 16 is a view II in FIG. 10. in FIG. 17 is a view B in FIG. 16.

A collapsible self-eliminator of impulses of the hydraulic shock of the working medium in the main pipelines contains a housing 1, hermetically sealed at the ends of the inlet 2 and the outlet 3 flanges with a central through hole in each of them.

In the housing 1, the inner 4 outer 5 and perforated cylinders are concentrically placed with the possibility of forming a flow cavity between them, and between the outer perforated cylinder 5 and the housing 1 there is a void space divided into the active 6 and reactive 7 parts of the annular support 8 installed in it with axial holes in which the pistons 9, spring-loaded on both sides, are placed.

The flow cavity is divided by a radial partition 10 into two unequal parts: a direct-flow chamber 11 of a smaller size at the entrance to the device and a swirl chamber 12 of a larger size at the exit of the device.

On the inner 4 and outer 5 cylinders in the volume of the direct-flow chamber 11, radial perforated holes 13 are made, and in the volume of the vortex chamber 12 on the indicated cylinders 4 and 5 holes 14 are made, the axes of which are inclined at an angle α relative to the radial axis in one direction on the cross section of the inner cylinder 4 (Fig. 14) and to the other side in the cross section of the outer cylinder 5 (Fig. 16) and at an angle β relative to the longitudinal axis of the device towards the inlet on the inner cylinder 4 (Fig. 15) and towards the exit on the outer cylinder 5 (Fig. 17).

The housing 1 is made collapsible and consists of an annular shell 15, one-piece connected to one end with an inlet flange 2, and the other end-to the inner flange 16, detachably connected to the specified output flange 2, while the intermediate elements 17 are welded to the input 2 and output 3 flanges made with the possibility of connection with parts of the pipeline (not shown).

The inner 4 and outer 5 cylinders in the volume of the vortex chamber 12 have thickenings not reaching their ends with the possibility of forming an expansion chamber 18.

On the thickenings, the indicated inclined holes 14 are evenly distributed, having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the radial holes 13 in the inner 4 and in the outer 5 cylinders in the volume of the direct-flow chamber 11 by 1.2–4 times with equal total throughput of all radial 13 and total throughput of all inclined 14 holes.

The mentioned annular support 8 is divided by a transverse plane into two parts of unequal thickness, the smaller of which 19 faces the active chamber 6 and is permanently attached to the inner perforated cylinder 4, and the majority 20 is associated with a circular protrusion made on the latter.

The volume of the direct-flow chamber 11 is at least 1/3 of the total volume of the vortex 12 and expansion chamber 18, the aforementioned angles of inclination of the axis of the holes 14 in the vortex chamber α and β are taken in the range 0-45 °, and the pointer 21 is made on the housing 1 of the device input flange 2 for orientation of the device relative to the potential source of shock pulses when installing the device in the main pipeline.

The intermediate elements 17 can be made in the form of a hollow cylinder or in the form of a flange (Fig. 1).

On the intermediate element 17 connected to the output flange 3, a measuring device 22 can be installed.

All parts of the device can be made of metal.

The inner 4 and outer 5 perforated cylinders can be made of durable non-metallic materials.

Ring support 8 and pistons 9 can be made of non-metallic materials.

The housing 1, input 2 and output 3 flanges, inner 4 and outer 5 perforated cylinders, an annular shell 15, the inner flange 16 and the intermediate elements 17 can be made of non-metallic materials.

The housing 1, input 2 and output 3 flanges, inner 4 and outer 5 perforated cylinders, an annular shell 15, the inner flange 16 and the intermediate elements 17 can be made of a material identical to the material of the pipeline.

Comparison of the claimed technical solution with the prior art known from the scientific, technical and patent documentation as of the priority date in the main and related sections did not reveal a tool that has features identical to all the features contained in the utility model proposed by the applicant, including the purpose of use. That is, the set of essential features of the claimed solution was not previously known and is not identical to any known technical solutions, therefore, it meets the condition of patentability “novelty”.

This technical solution is industrially applicable, since its purpose is indicated in the description of the application and the name of the utility model, it can be manufactured industrially and used to protect overload pipelines for various purposes.

The technical solution is workable, feasible and reproducible, and the distinguishing features of the device allow to obtain the desired technical result, i.e. are significant.

The technical solution, as described in each of the claims, can be implemented using the tools and methods described in the prototype, which became public until the priority date of the utility model. Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the condition of patentability "industrial applicability".

Collapsible self-liquidator pulses of hydraulic shock of the working medium in the main pipelines works as follows.

This technical solution was created by TekhPromArma LLC, a Russian company that developed and carried out the industrial introduction of a range of fundamentally new technical means of damping water shocks and vibrations on pipelines of any purpose.

on technological pipelines of nuclear power plants (AS) in normal operation systems and safety systems with VVER, RBMK, BN reactors in pipeline systems with a diameter of 10 to 1500 mm and a working pressure of 0.01 to 250 bar (25 MPa).

The claimed device can be used to reduce dynamic loads from pressure pulsations and hydraulic shocks acting on pipelines and equipment, and, as a result, reduce the level of noise and vibrations arising from the movement of medium flows.

The collapsible self-eliminator of impulses of the hydraulic shock of the working medium in the main pipelines works on the principle of self-stabilization, where damping is performed by damping the energy of the perturbing pulses by the energy of the pulses themselves, that is, the pulse itself is used as an elastic (damping) element.

The action of the device is based on the dissipative and elastic-damping effect on the flow of the pumped medium distributed along the length of the pipeline.

With a steady-state stationary mode of flow of the working medium (for example, liquid) through the pipeline, the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the device will be the same, while a constant pressure will be established in all chambers 6, 7, 11, 12.

The pistons 9 of the annular support 8 under the influence of the springs 23 occupy a neutral position.

When a pressure pulse appears at the inlet of the pipeline, through the radial holes 13, the direct-flow chamber 11 reaches the active part 6 almost instantly and with little energy loss.

Another part of the pulse passes through the inclined holes 14 into the vortex chamber 12, while the flow of the transported medium is twisted, its amplitude decreases due to expansion and its turbulence increases in the expansion chamber 18.

Since the holes 14 in the cylinders 4 and 5 are angles of inclination, the flow is untwisted, which further dissipates the energy of the working medium. As a result, the amplitude of the pressure pulse decreases and the time of its arrival in the reactive part 7 increases.

Due to the pressure difference and their phase shift in the active 6 and reactive 7 parts, the pulse amplitudes are subtracted, the transient process is smoothed when the pulse drops, and the device is set to its original position.

This consistent interaction of the fluid with the spring damping elements makes it possible to ensure the damping of excessive pressure oscillations (hydroshocks) due to the flexibility of the damping elements in the dynamic mode and the dissipation of vibration energy at the holes of the distributed perforation, which leads to its losses, creating conditions that prevent further wave propagation, compensating pressure dips.

The use of the device provides:

- phase shift and quenching of wave and vibration processes to an acceptable level, both in emergency and in normal operation;

- increase in corrosion and fatigue life of pipes, which extends the service life of even worn-out pipelines by 1.5-2 times;

- reduction of the overall accident rate of pipelines and equipment by 70-80%;

- the exclusion of financial losses associated with the elimination of the consequences of accidents due to shock, vibration and pressure pulsations;

- reducing operating costs and replacing worn-out pipelines and equipment in hydraulic systems in a planned and preventive mode, which is much cheaper than emergency replacement of emergency sections of the pipe.

Pressure stabilizers are equally effective in both emergency and normal operation of the hydraulic system.

Compared with technical means of this purpose, the utility model has the following advantages:

- the time to reduce the amplitudes of hydraulic shocks and pressure pulsations in the pipelines to a safe level is less than 0.004 sec;

- a reduction factor to a safe level of not less than 10 times;

- connection to the pipeline - welded or with counterflanges;

- lack of regulatory control mechanisms, lack of loss of the working environment.

Using the utility model allows us to simplify the manufacturing and assembly technology, and increase the efficiency of damping pressure pulsations.

Claims (9)

1. A collapsible self-eliminator of impulses of hydraulic shock of the working medium in the main pipelines, comprising a housing hermetically sealed at the ends of the inlet and outlet flanges with a central through hole in each of them, while the outer and inner perforated cylinders are concentrically placed in the housing with the possibility of the formation of a flow cavity between them and between the outer perforated cylinder and the casing there is a void space divided into the active and reactive parts of the annular support installed in it with an axial holes in which the pistons spring-loaded on both sides are placed, and the flow cavity is divided by a radial partition into two unequal parts: a smaller direct-flow chamber at the device inlet and a larger swirl chamber at the device exit, while on the inner and outer cylinders in the volume of the direct-flow chamber, radial perforated holes are made, and in the volume of the vortex chamber on these cylinders holes are made, the axes of which are inclined at an angle α relative to the radial axis in one direction the cross section of the inner cylinder and the other side on the cross section of the outer cylinder and the angle β relative to the longitudinal axis of the device towards the entrance to the inner cylinder and the exit side on the outer cylinder, characterized in that the casing is collapsible and consists of an annular shell, permanently attached one end to the inlet flange, and the other end to the inner flange, detachably connected to the specified output flange, while intermediate elements are welded to the inlet and outlet flanges, made They can be connected to parts of the pipeline, and the inner and outer cylinders in the volume of the vortex chamber have thickenings that do not reach their ends with the possibility of forming an expansion chamber, and these inclined holes are evenly distributed on the thickenings, having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the radial holes in the inner and in the outer cylinders in the volume of the direct-flow chamber 1.2-4 times with equal total throughput of all radial and total throughput of all inclined holes, mentioning The inner ring support is divided by a transverse plane into two parts of unequal thickness, the smallest of which is facing the reaction chamber and is permanently attached to the inner perforated cylinder, and the majority is associated with a circular protrusion made on the latter, while the volume of the direct-flow chamber is at least 1/3 the total volume of the vortex and expansion chambers, and the aforementioned angles of inclination of the axis of the holes in the vortex chamber α and β are taken in the range of 0-45 °, and an arrow pointer towards the input flange for orientation of the device relative to the potential source of shock pulses when installing the device in the main pipeline. 2. Collapsible self-liquidator according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate element is made in the form of a hollow cylinder. 3. The collapsible self-liquidator according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate element is made in the form of a flange. 4. A collapsible self-liquidator according to claim 1, characterized in that a measuring device is installed on the intermediate element connected to the output flange. 5. Collapsible self-liquidator according to claim 1, characterized in that all the parts of the device are made of metal. 6. The collapsible self-liquidator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner and outer perforated cylinders are made of durable non-metallic materials. 7. The collapsible self-liquidator according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular support and pistons are made of non-metallic materials. 8. The collapsible self-liquidator according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing, inlet and outlet flanges, the outer and inner perforated cylinders, the annular shell, the inner flange and the intermediate elements are made of non-metallic materials. 9. The collapsible self-liquidator according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing, the inlet and outlet flanges, the outer and inner perforated cylinders, the annular shell, the inner flange and the intermediate elements are made of a material identical to the material of the pipeline.

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